Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, December 5th (Reporter Liu Xia) - British scientists have analyzed the genomes of over 300000 people and discovered 29 genetic variations that have a significant impact on human height. These variations can cause a maximum reduction of 7 centimeters or an increase of 5 centimeters in height. The relevant paper has been submitted to the preprint website. Height is largely determined by genes, and the role of environmental factors such as nutrition is limited. Scientists have identified over 12000 common genetic variations related to height by comparing the genetic variations and height of millions of people, but the impact of these common variations on height is limited: less than one millimeter. In the latest study, the Gareth Hawkes team from the University of Exeter School of Medicine analyzed the genomes of 200000 people in the UK Biobank study, as well as another 130000 people involved in two US projects, and discovered 29 rare mutations. Hawkes pointed out that the mutations they discovered are very rare, with less than 1% of people carrying them, but their impact is very significant. The average impact of these variations on height is about 3 centimeters, with a maximum increase of 5 centimeters or decrease of 7 centimeters. Moreover, most mutations seem to work by altering the activity level of genes rather than the proteins encoded by the genes. Sridran Lagawan from the University of Colorado in the United States reported last year that certain genetic variations associated with increased height also increase the risk of developing neurological, skin, and heart diseases. However, further research is needed on the relationship between height and cardiovascular disease. Hawkes also stated that understanding the genetics of height will help scientists understand the impact of genetics on other traits in the human body. (Lai Xin She)