From October 2 to 4, the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the Physics Prize and the Chemistry Prize were awarded in turn. From promoting the development of an effective mRNA vaccine for COVID-19, to the attosecond science for electronic film shooting, to the quantum dots that light up the TV screen, scientists demonstrated their tireless research in the field of micro vision. The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine will be awarded to Kathleen Korico and Drew Weisman, because their discovery in nucleoside base modification makes it possible to develop an effective mRNA vaccine against COVID-19. Koriko is a professor at the University of Seged in Hungary and an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. Weisman co conducted the study with him at the University of Pennsylvania. Previously, mRNA vaccines were considered infeasible because direct injection of exogenous mRNA into the human body did not effectively produce the proteins required for the vaccine to work and could also induce unnecessary immune responses. In 2005, Caurico and Weisman pioneered the replacement of uridine molecules in mRNA with pseudo uridine molecules, avoiding the occurrence of immune reactions. This key adjustment is the "base modification" mentioned in the award reasons, which removes the biggest technical obstacle for mRNA vaccines to enter clinical practice. Pierre Agostini of Ohio State University in the United States, Ferenc Klaus of the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Germany, and Anne L ü llier of Lund University in Sweden won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2023 for "experimentally generating attosecond level light pulses that can be used to study electron dynamics in matter. The award statement stated that their experiment "provides a new tool for humans to explore the electronic world within atoms and molecules", and they "have demonstrated a method for producing extremely short light pulses, which can be used to measure the rapid process of electron movement or energy change". This achievement is expected to ultimately bring about a leap in electronic devices and disease diagnosis for people. Mengi Bawendi from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Louis Bruce from Columbia University, and Alexei Yekimov from Nanocrystal Technology in the United States were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery and synthesis of quantum dots. The Nobel Prize Committee in Chemistry stated in a statement that these scientists have successfully produced extremely small particles, known as quantum dots due to their properties determined by quantum phenomena, which are of great significance in today's nanotechnology. The purpose of the Nobel Prize is to 'dedicate to those who benefit all humanity'. Each shining research achievement behind the award illuminates human life and expands human cognitive boundaries. (Reporter Liu Xia) (Xinhua News Agency)