Reporters learned from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology on the 13th that Chinese researchers have successfully mapped the development map of the human immune system, which is characterized by wide coverage of tissues, long time span, high sampling density, and is expected to promote the development of global immunology and developmental biology. The research results were published on the 12th in the internationally authoritative academic journal "Cell". As the "guardian" of preventing pathogens such as viruses and bacteria from invading the human body, immune cells are an indispensable component of the immune system. Clarifying the type, differentiation, and functional status of immune cells is of great significance for understanding immunity and revealing the mechanisms of immune related diseases. In this study, researchers utilized automated and high-throughput synthetic biology research devices to independently build a single cell transcriptome sequencing platform, decode developing immune cells, and draw a human immune system development map based on such massive data. Han Jiahuai, an academician of the CAS Member and a professor of Xiamen University, said that this research has expanded people's understanding of human immune development, helped to deeply understand the function and regulation mechanism of the immune system, and laid an important foundation for disease diagnosis, immunotherapy and the development of new therapies. During the research process, researchers also discovered two new types of immune cells: macrophages that are widely present in multiple tissues and organs, promote angiogenesis, and microglia like cells that exist outside the central nervous system. The research was jointly completed by Shenzhen Advanced Technology Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Bao'an Maternal and Child Health Care Institute, Shenzhen University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Fudan University, etc. (New News Agency)