As the new semester approaches, students are once again immersed in their busy studies. Nowadays, many children are tired of doing homework and studying, often drinking coffee, milk tea, energy drinks, etc. They feel refreshed and their learning efficiency is steadily increasing. Although learning is commendable, drinking beverages to refresh children and adolescents may affect their physical health. Energy drinks contain the common ingredient caffeine. According to the current "GB/T 10789-2015 Beverage General Principles" in China, energy drinks are special purpose beverages that contain a certain amount of energy and add appropriate amounts of nutrients or other specific ingredients, which can supplement energy to the body or accelerate energy absorption. Just looking at the definition, you may wonder why coffee, milk tea, and energy drinks don't seem to belong to the same category. Why do you feel refreshed when drinking them? This is because they all contain a common ingredient: caffeine. A cup of American coffee (medium cup) has a caffeine content of approximately 108 milligrams; A can of energy drinks has a caffeine content of approximately 50 milligrams. A certain city has conducted a sampling of 10 brands of milk tea, and the sampled milk tea was found to contain caffeine, with an average content of 258 mg/kg. Taking a 500ml cup of milk tea as an example, drinking a cup of milk tea has a caffeine content approximately equivalent to 2.5 cans of energy drinks. Caffeine can stimulate the nervous system. The main effects of caffeine intake in adolescents and children include increased arousal, increased attention, and exercise behavior. A study showed that 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg of caffeine improved the performance of pre adolescent children in attention variability and hand dexterity tests, respectively. Another study found that among people aged 9 to 11, consuming 50 milligrams of caffeine at once can instantly improve the accuracy of digital search tasks if not consumed regularly or occasionally. These all indicate that caffeine has a short-term effect on improving cognition and attention. Moreover, children and adolescents are more sensitive. For example, consuming 50 milligrams of caffeine is equivalent to an intake dose of 1 milligram per kilogram for an adult weighing 50 kilograms; However, for a child weighing 30 kilograms, it is equivalent to an intake dose of 1.6 milligrams per kilogram. In addition, milk tea and energy drinks have a pleasant taste and are easy to drink, which can quickly increase the caffeine content in the blood and naturally feel refreshed. Caffeine has many effects on children and adolescents. Although caffeine can improve attention in the short term, children who habitually consume caffeine will experience a decrease in attention and negative effects such as prolonged reaction time in the short term after stopping drinking. It is worth mentioning that there is no evidence to support that consuming caffeine can alleviate fatigue. On the contrary, research has found that caffeine has many effects on children and adolescents: it affects sleep, and the consumption of caffeine in children and adolescents affects sleep, manifested as shortened sleep time, increased sleep interruption time, and overall decreased sleep quality. It is not ruled out that long-term caffeine intake has a negative impact on the sleep of children and adolescents. From 2010 to 2011, the National Toxicology Data System of the United States assessed caffeine exposure and energy drink consumption through 2