The bronze mirrors unearthed from the Qijia culture illuminate ancient people 4000 years ago

2023-08-09

With copper as a mirror, one can straighten one's clothes. Copper mirrors first appeared in the Qijia culture of the Neolithic Age and have been endowed with rich cultural connotations through long-term development and evolution, widely used in daily life. Copper mirrors have diverse shapes and rich decorative patterns, which not only have the characteristics of different regions and ethnic groups, but also have common features formed through mutual communication and learning. For example, dragon patterns have become a common symbol for copper mirror decoration of different ethnic groups. The heavy wheel star shaped bronze mirror is currently housed in the National Museum of China. (Image source: Official website of Qinghai Provincial Museum) The "Great Unity" unit of the exhibition of ancient books and cultural relics that solidify the consciousness of the Chinese national community is currently being exhibited at the Beijing Ethnic Culture Palace. The multiple bronze mirrors in the "Mirror Appreciation Culture" exhibition area vividly reflect the rich connotations of bronze mirror culture. In 1924, Swedish archaeologist Andersen discovered the Qijia culture in Qijiaping, Guanghe County, Gansu Province (approximately 4300-3500 years ago). Half a century later, a rusty copper mirror was unearthed here. Who made this bronze mirror? What kind of story did you go through? What is its historical status? Recently, "Dao Zhonghua" invited Tang Shiqian, the president of the Gansu Qijia Culture Research Association, to interpret this topic. A shocking discovery on the site. In the early summer of 1975, the Cultural Relics Work Team of the Gansu Provincial Museum discovered a rusty copper mirror with thick copper rust attached to it in the M41 tomb in Guanghe County, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture. This copper mirror has a diameter of 6.2 centimeters and a thickness of 0.3 centimeters. There is a bridge shaped button in the center of the back, with a height of 0.5 centimeters. It should be for easy rope wearing. The discovery of this bronze mirror in a site around 4000 years ago quickly attracted widespread attention in the archaeological community. Archaeologists such as Xia Nai, Pei Wenzhong, Xie Duanju, Wang Wei, Chen Xingcan, and Wang Renxiang visited this site one after another. Wang Wei, the chief expert of the Chinese Civilization Exploration Project, stated that "Qijia Culture is an organic component of studying the diverse integration of Chinese civilization. The Qijiaping Site, like Yin Ruins and Banpo, is a sacred site that archaeologists aspire to." In order to better protect and study Qijia Culture and unearthed cultural relics, the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture government has conducted multiple on-site investigations and decided to establish a Qijia Culture Museum in Guanghe County. In 2016, the museum was completed and the bronze treasure unearthed at the Qijiaping site returned to its "homeland". The excavation of bronze mirrors from the Qi family culture, which has dominated the scene for thousands of years, proves that ancient people began to make and use bronze mirrors at least 4000 years ago. Up to now, three bronze mirrors of Qijia culture have been discovered: the first is a bridge shaped button plain round mirror unearthed from the M41 tomb in Qijiaping, Guanghe, Gansu in 1975. The second side is a bridge shaped buttoned circular mirror unearthed from the M25 tomb in Gamatai, Guinan, Qinghai in 1977. It is adorned with a seven pointed star on the back, with a diameter of 8.9 centimeters, and is located on the chest of the tomb owner who is bent over for burial. The third side is a heavy wheel star shaped bronze mirror, which is not an excavated item and has a diameter of 14.6 centimeters. It has been unearthed at an unnamed site about 1.9 kilometers south of the Qijiaping site after research. The appearance of Qijiaping copper mirrors has advanced the history of copper mirrors in China to over 4000 years ago, confirming the legendary era of "Yellow Emperor casting mirrors". According to literature records, the manufacturing and use of bronze mirrors began with the Yellow Emperor. According to the "Shuyi Ji", "The Folk Biography of Raozhou,

Edit:XiaoWanNing    Responsible editor:YingLing

Source:Dao Zhonghua

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