Why are more and more young people choosing to "return to the second and third tier"

2023-07-07

Another year's graduation season is approaching, as graduates are about to leave campus and travel to various places, opening the next chapter of their lives. This year's "competition for talent" between cities has also entered its final stage. In recent years, China's fertility level has continued to decline, and the working age population has reached its peak around 2011. In 2022, the national population decreased by 850000 people, marking the first negative population growth in nearly 61 years. Compared to 2021, the labor age population aged 16-59 decreased by 6.66 million people. People will become the most precious resource in the future, and the competition for people between cities has shifted from incremental competition to stock competition, with the degree of competition becoming increasingly fierce. In this context, since 2017, multiple cities across the country have launched talent introduction policies and participated in the "battle for talent". Among them, "second tier star cities" such as Xi'an, Wuhan, Chengdu, and Hangzhou are the protagonists, followed by some first tier cities and third and fourth tier cities entering the "battlefield". These cities mainly attract college graduates and other young talents by providing preferential policies for settling down, providing employment and housing subsidies for young people, and other measures. From the perspective of regional distribution, these second tier cities can be roughly divided into two categories. One type is located in the southeast coastal areas, such as Nanjing, Hangzhou, Foshan, Dongguan, etc. These cities have geographical advantages and lower living and property costs than first tier cities; The second type is the provincial capital cities or regional central cities in the central and western regions, such as Xi'an, Chengdu, etc. These cities may not have the same location advantages as the first type, but they can gather the resource advantages of surrounding areas and even the entire province, and have certain development potential. By sorting out the "people grabbing wars" of the past few years, the following characteristics can be found. Firstly, overall, the threshold for settling down is constantly decreasing, and the requirements for education, age, and social security are being relaxed. For example, Hangzhou clearly stipulates that college students under the age of 35 who have already been employed can settle down, and master's students under the age of 45 can "settle down first and then find employment". Cities such as Nanchang and Fuzhou have fully relaxed their restrictions on settling down, achieving a "zero threshold" for settling down and seeking employment. Secondly, with the changes in the labor structure, the scope of urban "grabbing people" is further expanding. For example, not only for highly educated talents, but also for technical talents with professional qualifications, many cities such as Nanjing and Chengdu have issued corresponding talent introduction policies. It can be foreseen that in a future where labor resources are more scarce, the standards for "talent" will become more diverse. On the other hand, China's higher education continues to develop and the quality of the workforce continues to improve. According to data released by the Ministry of Education, the average number of years of education for the newly added labor force in China in 2022 reached 14 years. This year, the number of graduates from ordinary universities in China is expected to reach 11.58 million, an increase of 820000 compared to the same period last year, and the competition for employment is relatively fierce. In the past two years, on online platforms, many young people can share their job search experiences, compare and discuss the offers they receive, and listen to everyone's suggestions. From the interaction in the comment section, it can be seen that first tier cities and "big factories" are no longer unanimously sought after. People tend to combine their own conditions and choose positions and cities that are more suitable for them. For some young people, the Cost of living and consumption level are higher when they choose to work in the first tier cities, and sometimes it is difficult to achieve the level of work and life

Edit:XiaoWanNing    Responsible editor:YingLing

Source:China Youth News

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