In two new studies, researchers at North Carolina State University in the United States designed and tested a series of textile fibers that can change shape and generate strength like muscles. In a study published in the new issue of the Journal of actuators, researchers focused on studying the effect of this material on the strength and contraction length of artificial muscles. These findings can help researchers tailor fibers for different applications. In another proof of concept study published in bionics, researchers tested the fiber as a living cell scaffold. Research has found that this type of fiber (known as fiber robots) can be used to develop 3D models of human activity systems. Researchers made balloon shaped tubes using materials similar to rubber and encapsulated them in textile sheaths, thus creating deformable fibers. Using an air pump to inflate the interior of a balloon can cause the sheath to expand, causing it to become shorter. They measured the force and shrinkage of fibers made of different materials to understand the relationship between materials and properties. It was found that stronger and larger diameter yarns generate stronger shrinkage force, and the materials used to make balloons also affect the magnitude and strength of shrinkage. Researchers have stated that they can customize material properties based on the required performance of the equipment. If this device is made small enough, it is possible to use it for fabric forming and other textile applications, including wearable devices and auxiliary devices. In a follow-up study, researchers evaluated whether shape-changed fibers could be used as scaffolds for fibroblasts. Fibroblasts are a type of cell in connective tissue that helps support other tissues or organs. They studied the response of cells to the movement of deformed fibers and the different materials used in fiber structures. It was found that these cells were able to cover or even penetrate the woven sheath of the fiber robot. In the 3D dynamic culture of this study, cells were able to survive for up to 72 hours. Researchers have stated that fiber robots are very suitable as scaffolds for cells, as they can change frequency and contraction rate, creating a more suitable environment for cells. The ultimate goal of the research is to use these fibers as scaffolds for stem cells, or use them to develop artificial organ in future research. (New News Agency)