Civilization can only be distinguished by its colorful colors, but there is no distinction between high and low qualities. "- Young historians talk about the comparative study of ancient civilizations. Editor's note on the comparative study of ancient civilizations between the East and the West has increasingly become a hot topic of academic attention in recent years. By comparing different civilizations in ancient times between the East and the West, we aim to identify the particularities of each civilization and summarize the commonalities of human civilization development. It should be noted that although the domestic and foreign history academia has paid attention to this issue, compared with other disciplines such as sociology, political science, anthropology, etc., the relevant historical achievements are not rich. What methods and techniques do historians need to possess when conducting comparative studies of civilizations? What challenges are facing and in what areas may breakthroughs be made? Around these issues, we invite three young scholars to jointly explore how historians can participate in the comparative study of civilizations based on their research fields. Interviewer Guo Tao, Associate Professor of the School of History and Culture at Southwest University, and Associate Professor of the Greek Research Center, Bai Chunxiao, Professor of the School of History at Anhui Normal University, Wang Zhongxiao, Associate Professor of the Department of History at Fudan University, Host of Guangming Daily, Zhou Xiaofei, Current Situation of Comparative Studies on Civilizations. Host: As we all know, conducting comparative studies on the history of different civilizations is of great significance, which helps to deeply understand the uniqueness and universality of different civilizations, Promote the exchange and mutual learning of civilizations. Please provide a specific introduction to the current status of comparative research on civilizations based on your research field. Figure sketch of Guo Tao: Lu Chongguang Guo Tao: In the tradition of western classical research since the 19th century, ancient Greek and Roman civilization has been idealized as a model of human civilization. At the same time, interpretative research based on classical philology and text center is the mainstream, while comparative research on civilization is easily ignored. Since the 20th century, comparative studies of civilizations have gradually become an emerging field of Western classical studies, with two significant achievements. One is the "Cambridge School of Rituals" represented by British scholars such as Fraser and Jane Harrison in the early 20th century, who used anthropological methods to study ancient Greek religion, and "The Golden Branches" is one of their masterpieces. The second is the "Paris School" represented by French scholars such as Vernan and Diane in the mid to late 20th century. Taking the "structuralism" based on anthropological theory as the explanation framework, they invited scholars studying different civilizations such as ancient Greece, ancient China, India and Africa to conduct research around the themes of war, sacrifice, oracle, etc., aiming to re-examine the characteristics of western classical civilization and its relationship with contemporary western civilization through the comparison of different civilizations. The influence of the "Paris School" was initially limited to France, but later received attention and recognition from the international academic community with the participation and promotion of scholars such as Jeffrey Lloyd, Honorary Professor of Cambridge University, and Nagy, the Homer research authority at Harvard University. In the study of the history of classical civilization, although some achievements have been made in the comparison of ancient Greece and ancient China during the Axis era, and Rome and ancient China during the Imperial era, their influence is limited. Figure sketch of Wang Zhongxiao: Lu Chongguang Wang Zhongxiao: As mentioned above, scholars engaged in comparative research of classical civilization in the West mainly come from the Department of Classical Studies. After entering the 21st century, around ancient Greece