Every family has elderly people, everyone will grow old. What diseases do elderly people need to focus on in order to achieve health and longevity? How should common diseases in the elderly be scientifically managed? Recently, multiple experts have provided popular science guidance on the health and medical care of the elderly, helping them enjoy a healthy life in peace. Prevention of common diseases should be carried out as early as possible. "Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common chronic diseases. According to epidemiological surveys, the prevalence rate of chronic kidney disease in China is about 10.8%." Li Wenge, director of the Nephrology Department of China Japan Friendship Hospital, introduced that the elderly are the most high-risk group of people with chronic kidney disease, As we enter the elderly stage, people's kidney function itself is significantly declining, and many elderly people still have multiple diseases coexisting. They need to take multiple drugs at the same time, so kidney damage caused by drugs is also more common. How to detect whether elderly people have kidney disease in a timely manner? Li Wenge recommends that elderly people undergo at least two routine urine tests every year; At least once a year, a blood biochemical test should be conducted, which includes indicators such as creatinine and urea nitrogen to evaluate whether kidney function is impaired. If renal function damage is detected early, timely treatment can be given. If chronic kidney disease can be detected early, which is the stage where microalbumin is present in the urine, medication can often achieve reversal or even cure. If a large amount of proteinuria occurs, treatment is very difficult, often requiring the use of hormones, cytotoxic drugs, immunosuppressive agents, which have significant side effects and often have unsatisfactory therapeutic effects, "Li Wenge emphasized, The key to the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease lies in early detection. Experts recommend that the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease also requires targeted targeting of the cause. For chronic kidney disease caused by diabetes, hypertension, chronic glomerulonephritis, etc., attention should be paid to controlling the corresponding indicators. Elderly people should have a light diet and pay attention to controlling blood sugar, blood pressure, and other indicators. "Li Wenge said that when taking medication, elderly people should first understand the nephrotoxic effects of the medication and avoid taking drugs with greater nephrotoxicity. At the same time, be careful not to overwork and maintain good living habits. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke are common neurological diseases in the elderly, "said Jin Miao, deputy chief physician of the Department of Neurology at the Sino Japanese Friendship Hospital. There are currently no specific drugs for Alzheimer's disease, but early intervention, diagnosis, and treatment can significantly delay the disease process and improve patients' quality of life. The symptoms of Parkinson's disease include tremors, delayed movements, and stiff limbs. Early detection and treatment can also delay the condition and improve quality of life. It is worth noting that stroke has risen to the top cause of death in the elderly. "Stroke is characterized by high incidence rate, high mortality, high disability rate, and high recurrence rate." Jin Miao reminded that once there are stroke related symptoms, such as sudden numbness of the half body, mouth deviation, eye deviation, sudden inability to see clearly, sudden bad balance, etc., we must be timely diagnosed to determine whether there is a stroke. After acute treatment, rehabilitation exercise should be carried out to prevent recurrence. For stroke, it is recommended to detect, diagnose, and treat it early, undergo rehabilitation, and prevent recurrence. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common disease among outpatient patients in the hematology department. Its high incidence includes young women with increased menstruation, those who lose weight through diet control, and those who drink heavy alcohol every day