March 9 this year is the 18th World Kidney Day. At present, there are 120 million chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in China, and the incidence rate is increasing year by year. As a common chronic disease, chronic kidney disease ranks the 11th in the global mortality rate, with the highest increase in disability mortality rate among chronic diseases, seriously endangering human health. Professor Zhao Minghui, director of the Institute of Nephrology at Peking University and chief physician of the Department of Nephrology at Peking University First Hospital, pointed out that chronic kidney disease is an international public health problem. In recent years, with the deepening of aging in China and the increase of high-risk groups of chronic kidney disease such as diabetes and hypertension, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China is on the rise, and the disease spectrum of chronic kidney disease is also shifting to metabolic diseases. However, at present, the awareness rate of chronic kidney disease is very low. Nearly 90% of patients do not know that they have chronic kidney disease. Once symptoms appear, the condition is relatively serious. Early screening and early diagnosis are the "first step" in the scientific management of chronic kidney disease. The early symptoms of chronic kidney disease are not obvious and are not easy to detect. Once entering the most serious stage of chronic kidney disease, that is, end-stage renal disease, the kidney is seriously damaged, and the renal function is deteriorating, and life can only be maintained through dialysis or kidney transplantation. Early recognition and intervention of chronic kidney disease is of vital importance for delaying disease progression, protecting renal function and reducing complications. "Improving the awareness rate of chronic kidney disease is an important challenge facing the world." Zhao Minghui pointed out that first of all, we should improve the early screening rate. Adults can increase the detection of urine protein and creatinine in the annual physical examination, and can find potential early patients; People with diabetes, hypertension or a family history of kidney disease are high-risk groups of chronic kidney disease, and it is best to check regularly. At the same time, the medical staff's understanding of chronic kidney disease needs to be further improved. Patients often cross multiple departments such as surgery and endocrinology, and need to be transferred to the internal medicine department for follow-up. The core of the treatment of chronic kidney disease is to delay the progress of the disease, and the key is to reach the standard for a long time. Speaking of the treatment principles of chronic kidney disease, Zhao Minghui clearly pointed out that at present, the clinical principle of chronic kidney disease is to delay the development of kidney disease or renal function damage, so as to prevent patients from developing cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal diseases. With the emergence of more and more innovative treatment methods and the entry into the national medical insurance catalogue, patients with chronic kidney disease have more treatment options, such as SGLT-2 inhibitors, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists. At the same time, Zhao Minghui also stressed that patient compliance is a very important part of treatment. Some of the patients take drugs at random, and in order to "tonify the kidney", they take a lot of drugs that should not be taken, leading to kidney disease. There are also some patients who insist on not taking medicine and worry that they will take medicine for a lifetime at the beginning. "In fact, in terms of medication, we can't use all kinds of drugs. The key high-risk patients in this treatment must also receive medication. Patients with diabetes and hypertension must use hypoglycemic drugs and antihypertensive drugs, and once we start drug treatment, we must adhere to it for a long time to delay the progress of the disease." In addition, chronic kidney disease patients are often accompanied by anemia, hyperkalemia, calcium phosphorus metabolism disorder, heart failure, etc