This has pointed out the way forward for China to promote basic research and achieve high-quality development, and provided important guidance for promoting the construction of Chinese path to modernization. Increasing investment in basic research is necessary to promote the process of Chinese path to modernization. The connotation and characteristics of Chinese path to modernization determine that the primary task of economic and social development is to achieve high-quality development. Since the reform and opening up, China's industrialization process has promoted the rapid growth of total factor productivity, which largely explains the rapid development of China's economy for more than 40 years. After basically completing the industrialization process, China's total factor productivity growth rate has dropped from more than 4% in the three decades before the reform and opening up to about 2% at present. In the next decade or so, the average annual growth rate of China's total factor productivity will rise from about 2% to 2.5% to 3%. Only then can we achieve the standard of economic modernization by 2035. To achieve high-quality development, we need to activate a new power source to improve total factor productivity, accelerate the transformation of economic development momentum, establish a modern industrial system, and achieve the "double carbon" goal. This process requires a lot of scientific and technological innovation, and the basic research investment as the "master switch" of scientific and technological innovation is particularly critical. Generally speaking, research and development (RD) mainly includes "basic research" (R) and "application development" (D). The data shows that in 2022, China's total investment in R&D exceeded 3 trillion yuan for the first time, accounting for 2.55% of GDP, reaching the average level of industrialized countries. However, the proportion of funds actually used for basic research is only about 6%. The proportion of investment in basic research in developed countries in Europe and the United States is basically stable at more than 12%, compared with 17.2% in the United States and 25% in France during the same period. The structure of China's R&D investment needs to be changed. It is worth noting that the "14th Five Year Plan" has increased the proportion of basic research to 8%. If it can reach 15% or more in the future, we will create a new historical possibility in improving total factor productivity, and China's high-quality development and Chinese path to modernization road will also be doomed to be extraordinary and great. Increasing investment in basic research is the safe basis for promoting the process of Chinese path to modernization. Chinese path to modernization is a modernization that follows the path of peaceful development. However, the trend of anti-globalization has broken the stability and balance of the global industrial chain supply chain, and China's industry is deeply troubled by the "neck" problem. For a long time, China's R&D intensity has been increasing, but the investment in basic research is insufficient, which directly leads to the relative lack of innovation based on complex and underlying supporting technologies and scientific research. Only by persistently increasing investment in basic research and promoting China's industry to the upstream of the global value chain can we truly resolve the blockade of developed countries on some key technologies and core technologies, achieve a high level of self-reliance, and create a path of modernization for peaceful development