According to the British journal Nature Medicine on the 20th, a patient who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to treat leukemia showed sustained suppression of AIDS virus type 1 (HIV-1) 9 years after transplantation and 4 years after the suspension of antiretroviral treatment. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a treatment for specific cancer. It reproduces the recipient's bone marrow by transplanting the donor's immature blood cells. and Δ 32 is a mutant gene with innate ability to resist AIDS virus, which can prevent AIDS virus from invading human healthy cells. CCR5 of the combination of the two Δ 32/ Δ 32HSCT means that there are two genes encoding CCR5, the co receptor of AIDS virus Δ 32 Transplanted cells from mutant donors. So far, there are two published cases, that is, HIV-1 has been relieved after patients received this allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to treat cancer. They are famous "London patients" and "Berlin patients". Now, scientists at the University of Dusseldorf Hospital in Germany have proposed a detailed longitudinal analysis of the blood and tissue samples of a patient who was transplanted CCR5 Δ 32/ Δ After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells, leukaemia and detectable HIV-1 showed remission. The patient is a 53-year-old male who was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia in January 2011. The patient received CCR5 from a female donor in February 2013 Δ 32/ Δ 32 Stem cell transplantation, followed by chemotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusion. After transplantation, antiretroviral therapy continues, but the pre-virus HIV-1 cannot be detected in the patient's blood cells. Nearly six years after transplantation, antiretroviral therapy was suspended in November 2018 with their informed consent. At present, researchers have not observed the rebound of HIV-1 RNA and the surge of immune response to HIV-1 protein. The research team concluded that although HSCT is still a high-risk treatment and currently only applicable to some patients with both HIV-1 and blood cancer, these results may provide information for the strategy of achieving long-term HIV-1 remission in the future. The editor in chief highlights every "cured" AIDS patient, which will attract the attention of the whole world. Unfortunately, there are very few examples of such public reports. Both the "Berlin patient" and the "London patient" were found to have AIDS virus in their bodies dropped to an undetectable level after receiving bone marrow transplantation for blood disease. This time, researchers analyzed the blood and tissue samples of a patient who also received stem cell transplantation, and found that the AIDS virus in his body has also been effectively suppressed, perhaps because of the mutant genes in the donor's body. This also reminds researchers that finding the key reason for the effective treatment may find a way to overcome the disease. (Xinhua News Agency)