Although animals and plants face large-scale extinction caused by human driving factors such as climate change, nature is still stimulating human scientific discoveries in unexpected ways. "Nature has spent hundreds of millions of years optimizing solutions to extremely complex problems." said Aaron Gorowski, a biomedical engineer at the University of California, Irvine, "If we focus on nature, we can shorten the development process and quickly find valuable solutions." From squid skin food heaters to lubricants made of cow mucus, This year's scientific discoveries inspired by nature are still fruitful. Okra adhesive can stop bleeding for the heart. Now, a biodegradable plaster made of sticky okra gel can stop bleeding for the heart and liver of dogs and rabbits without suturing. Okra is a fluffy green vegetable. Its sticky texture inspired Malcolm Xing of the University of Manitoba in Canada to transform it into a medical adhesive. In this research published in Advanced Medical Materials in July, researchers found that extracting okra in a juicer and drying it into powder can produce an effective biological adhesive, quickly form a physical barrier and start the blood coagulation process. The researchers plan to test the plaster on humans in the next few years. Bovine mucus lubricant can prevent AIDS Laboratory tests found that a lubricant made from cow mucus is expected to reduce the spread of AIDS and other diseases. The study, published in the September issue of Advanced Science, is still preliminary and has not been tested in humans. Researchers extracted mucus from cattle's salivary glands and transformed it into a gel that binds and binds the virus. Mucus is composed of mucin, which may have antiviral properties. Mucin molecules have natural and complex biological characteristics, which can effectively prevent AIDS and herpes virus infection without side effects or drug resistance. It has two forms, solid and liquid. Researchers at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, say that as a solid, it can capture bacteria or viruses in the body. As a liquid, it can remove pathogens from the body. Robot fireflies help search and rescue work. On a warm summer night, fireflies use light to attract mates, resist predators, or lure prey. Fireflies light up the night sky, which also inspired scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create micro robots the size of insects. They can emit light when flying. According to the paper published in the IEEE Robotics and Automation Bulletin in June, according to the inspiration of nature, researchers have made light-emitting soft artificial muscles for insect sized flying robots, in which tiny electroluminescent particles are embedded. Controlling the tiny artificial muscles on the robot wings can make it emit colorful light during flight. A firefly weighs only a little more than a paper clip. Researchers have demonstrated that they can use the light from the robot and three smart phone cameras to track the robot accurately. Electroluminescence can make robots communicate with each other. For example, if you are sent to a collapsed building to perform a search and rescue mission, the robot firefly searching for survivors can use the light to send a message to other companions