The second phase of the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) will be held in Montreal, Canada, where the secretariat of the Convention is located, from December 7 to 19. China will continue to lead the substantive and political affairs of the Conference as the COP15 presidency. How are the preparations for the meeting? What are the expected outcomes of the Conference? What efforts has China made for the conference? The Ministry of Ecology and Environment held a press conference on the 28th to introduce the relevant information of the second phase of COP15. Cui Shuhong, Director of the Department of Natural Ecology Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the second phase of COP15 was basically ready. In October 2021, the first phase of COP15 was held in Kunming, China, with more than 5000 participants from more than 150 contracting parties and more than 30 international institutions and organizations. China has announced a series of pragmatic and powerful measures for the host country. The meeting injected strong political impetus into the global biodiversity governance process. He introduced that for the second phase of COP15, China would continue to lead the substantive and political affairs of the Conference as the Chair of COP15. The theme and logo of "Ecological Civilization: Building a Community of Earth Life" and other major elements of the conference remain unchanged. The Chinese government will send a Chinese delegation composed of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the People's Government of Yunnan Province, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and other departments and units to Montreal to attend the meeting. At present, preparations for the meeting are basically ready. Zhou Guomei, Director of the Department of International Cooperation of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the most important landmark expected outcome of the second phase of COP15 is to reach the "post-2020 global biodiversity framework". The "framework" under negotiation is a general and strategic guidance document that will anchor the direction of global biodiversity governance by 2030 or even longer. She said that the "Framework" focuses on the vision of 2050 of "harmonious coexistence with nature", takes the direction of "putting biodiversity on the road of restoration by 2030", summarizes the past experience in the formulation and implementation of global biodiversity goals, and gathers the joint efforts of all parties and stakeholders to provide new political guidance for global biodiversity governance, reverse the trend of global biodiversity decline, and fully realize the objectives of the Convention. Zhou Guomei said that after four rounds of negotiation and consultation in the Working Group, the "Framework" has made positive progress, and its structure and core expression have basically taken shape. At the same time, she pointed out that the "framework" negotiations were not smooth, and the parties still had differences on some specific topics. The adoption and implementation of the "Framework" ultimately depends on its implementation mechanism. For the majority of developing countries, it largely depends on resource mobilization and financial support, which is the focus and difficulty of the "Framework" negotiation topic. We should fully learn from the experience and lessons of the "Aichi Goals". The reporter learned that in 2010, the international community set the goal of global biodiversity protection from 2011 to 2020, namely the "Aichi Goals". At present, none of the 20 goals set by the "Aichi Goals" has been fully achieved, but only 6 have been partially achieved