Author: Xiao Chunbai (Researcher of Zhejiang Xi Jinping Research Center for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Professor of Zhejiang University City College, and Specially Invited Researcher of the National Party Construction Research Association), General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China that "the key to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way lies in the Party." The Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China sounded the clarion call for marching towards the second centenary goal. We should continue to carry forward the great spirit of party building, deeply promote the new great project of party building in the new era, promote social revolution with self revolution, promote great struggle, great cause and great dream with the great project, and write a new epic of the Chinese nation. To advance the great project of the new era, we should focus on solving the unique problems of the century old Party. The Communist Party of China is an advanced political party with more than 96 million members. The number of members is larger than that of some countries. It is very difficult to maintain the Party's progressiveness and purity all the time. China is also a country with a large population, a long history and many nationalities. To realize the modernization with a large population, we must have a strong core of leadership to steer the direction, and we must not make subversive mistakes. The "four tests" and "four dangers" we face will exist for a long time. These specific conditions determine that the Party building cannot copy the Western party theory. We should focus on the central task of the Party and the prominent contradictions within the Party, explore new ways to combine Marxist party building theory with the actual situation of Party building, and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, carry forward the fine traditions of the Party, and fix the "mind learning" of Communists, We will build a Marxist theoretical system of Party building that is Chinese and contemporary, and make the Party stronger and more dynamic. To advance the great project of the new era, we must remember the fundamental question of what the Communist Party of China is and what it wants to do. The Communist Party of China is the vanguard of the Chinese working class, as well as the vanguard of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation; It is a Marxist ruling party and a Marxist revolutionary party; It is not only the leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also a mass political party with a broad social foundation. The great project is like the "life project". Strengthening the Party's construction aims to maintain the flesh and blood ties between the Party and the people, keep the lifeline of the Party, and ensure that the Party will never deteriorate, change color, or change its flavor. The great project is also a "genetic project", which focuses on maintaining the revolutionary and political nature, inheriting the red gene, continuing the red blood, not believing in evil, not afraid of ghosts, not afraid of pressure, and always being the vanguard of the times, the public servant of the people, and the backbone of the nation. The great project is still a "systematic project". It needs to fully implement the general requirements for party building in the new era, take political construction as the leadership, strengthen the political and organizational functions of party organizations at all levels, give play to the vanguard and exemplary role of party members, and build the party into a Marxist ruling party that is always in the forefront of the times, wholeheartedly supported by the people, brave in self revolution, able to withstand all kinds of storms and tests, and vibrant. To promote the great project of the new era, we must focus on answering the major issue of what kind of long-term ruling Marxist party to build and how to build a long-term ruling Marxist party. First, we must strengthen our sense of hardship when we are in power for a long time,