Regular physical examination is very important. What should I think when I get the report after each physical examination? Abnormal blood lipid, overweight, fatty liver, thyroid nodules... What are the common abnormal expressions in the physical examination report? How to deal with and improve? This edition will launch a series of reports on "Understanding the Medical Examination Report" to help you understand the medical examination report. The word "nodule" on the physical examination report once made many people uneasy. What is a nodule? How far is the nodule from cancer? "Nodules are very different from cancer, because more than 90% of nodules are benign, and the nodules that need attention are only a very small part, usually less than 5%. In the face of nodules, people need not worry too much or ignore them. Relax, face the nodules squarely, and strive to live a healthy life." Xu Aimin, deputy director of the physical examination center of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, introduced that nodules refer to new organisms with different density from surrounding tissues in imaging examination, which can be divided into benign and malignant in terms of pathological nature. Xu Aimin introduced that with the development of imaging methods and examination techniques, it is easier to find nodules. At present, pulmonary nodules, breast nodules and thyroid nodules are the most common nodules with a high detection rate in physical examination. In addition to nucleic acid detection, another important screening method for COVID-19 is lung CT. It is precisely because of this preventive examination that many asymptomatic pulmonary nodules have been found, and the word "pulmonary nodules" has entered the vision of more people. "The lung space occupying lesions with a diameter of less than 3 cm on the chest film or CT film are called nodules, and the nodules with a diameter of more than 3 cm are called masses." Xu Aimin introduced that in the results of imaging examinations such as CT, the pulmonary nodules showed shadows with increased density. "It looks like a mass shadow with different density from normal lung tissue, which can be circular or irregular in shape, single or multiple, with clear or unclear boundaries." Experts said that it is difficult to find lesions less than 1cm on chest radiograph, but small pulmonary nodules less than 3mm can be found on low-dose CT. With the popularization of physical examination, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules is getting higher and higher. While helping people to improve the early detection rate of lung cancer, the high detection rate may also bring some psychological burden to the public. In some people's opinion, pulmonary nodules always seem to be accompanied by the risk of becoming lung cancer, which makes people nervous. In this regard, Xu Aimin said that although there is still a lack of research on the incidence rate of lung nodules, in the data of lung cancer screening research, the total detection rate of lung nodules is about 20% - 30%. "This is a very high proportion, but more than 95% of lung nodules are caused by benign diseases, so don't worry too much." Xu Aimin pointed out that benign lesions leading to pulmonary nodules include: bacterial infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus; Benign tumors, such as fibroma and hemangioma; Vascular diseases, such as pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary varices, etc; Inflammatory diseases, such as granulomatous polyangiitis. How to deal with pulmonary nodules? "The larger the nodule, the higher the possibility of malignant change. You need to consult a doctor and follow up regularly." Xu Aimin introduced that, generally speaking, for small pulmonary nodules smaller than 6mm, it is recommended to review chest CT annually; For lungs larger than or equal to 6mm