The Yellow River, which originates from the northern foot of the Bayan Har Mountains on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, flows from a trickle to a torrent into the sea. From west to east, it flows through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong respectively. What she presents to us is not only the magnificent scenery and wonders of the past, but also the profound culture and spirit she contains. This river of culture and civilization has become a symbol of the Chinese nation after a long history; Its cultural spirit of perseverance, self-improvement and harmony has been integrated into the blood of the Chinese nation and has become an inexhaustible source of the river of spirit. The nine national treasure level cultural relics collected in the book "Civilization of the Yellow River among National Treasures" are excellent representatives of the Yellow River civilization. Nine cultural relics and nine stories trace the development and evolution of the Yellow River civilization from the prosperous Han and Tang Empire to the remote Stone Age, and from the source of the Yellow River to the mouth of the sea. Through these 9 cultural relics, we have touched the root and soul of the Yellow River culture. Yellow River, cultural relics and archaeology are the most fashionable words in this book. This is the Yellow River Civilization among National Treasures edited by Zhang Deshui and Wu Wei. This is a book of nine national treasure stories written by cultural and museum experts in nine provinces and regions along the Yellow River. It is not only rich in text and pictures, elegant in writing, and exquisite in binding, but also through colored pottery, black pottery, bronze, murals, three colors and stone carvings, it explains the time of archaeological excavation, the brilliance of that era, the brilliance of that craft, the prosperity of that culture, and the fragments of that history. The root vein of the Yellow River culture that runs through the national treasures, the Yellow River runs through the loess. The loess plateau and the loess siltation plain are the most widely distributed and largest loess deposits in the world, and also the best gift given by nature to the Chinese people. The ancient ancestors used delicate yellow clay to burn pottery, which opened the beginning of the first use of chemical changes to change the nature of mankind, and opened the curtain of the Neolithic Age. At the Lijiagou site in Xinmi, Henan, stone tools and coarse pottery were found to coexist. This kind of coarse pottery is the earliest physical example of the transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic age found in the Yellow River basin about 10000 years ago. Painted pottery is the product of the development of pottery to a certain stage. It has reached a new level in modeling, decoration, painting, and firing technology. The painted pottery basin with dancing patterns unearthed from the Zongri Site in Qinghai Province, especially a group of 11 people's hand in hand primitive dance painted along the inner wall of the basin, reveals the mystery of the nature of primitive art and primitive belief. It not only has the rhythm of "stepping on the ground with arms" singing and dancing, but also has the rugged Guozhuang of "stepping around", and the silhouette of "thousands and thousands of people singing" Ge Tianzhile, which provides a key for us to break the original spiritual code. The painted pottery vase with a human head unearthed at the Dadiwan Site in Gansu Province is decorated with triangular patterns with arc edges connecting circles and oblique straight lines, as well as geometric patterns similar to leaves. In particular, the human face pattern shaped at the mouth of the bottle, with correct facial features, beautiful face and short hair, directly reflects the Chinese characteristics of the ancestors of the Yellow River. Similar human faces have been found in similar sites in Gansu and Qinghai regions, providing intuitive and fresh specimens for studying the features of early human populations. Henan University