The surging power behind the sanshang space station ■ PLA Daily reporter heyishu correspondent zhengweijie wangweitong zhankang In June, the scorching temperature spread from the depths of the Gobi, a small city born of China's space flight. After more than 230 days of waiting, the dream moment is here again. The Long March II f yao-14 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft ignited at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and launched the third manned mission of the space station phase of China's manned space engineering. What does "three up" space station mean? On the faces of youth, the reporter read that the Chinese astronauts are confident and calm, and felt the surging power driven by dreams. Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft launch site. Photographed by zhengweijie Keywords leisurely Astronauts feel more at ease in the sky, and astronauts feel more at ease on the ground "5, 4, 3, 2, 1, ignition!" Dengxiaojun, commander No. 0 of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, calmly issued the "ignition" command. "Beijing understands!" Thousands of miles away, Gao Jian, the chief dispatcher of the manned spacecraft mission in Beijing, smoothly issued commands in the command Hall of the Beijing space flight control center. The two young men, who are most closely related to the manned space launch mission, appear especially calm and calm at the moment of great attention. Such calm is the strong confidence and confidence brought to Chinese astronauts by the continuous improvement of the performance of the space transportation system. According to the white paper "China's space in 2021", since 2016, as of December 2021, 207 launch missions have been completed, including 183 launches of long march series launch vehicles, with a total number of launches exceeding 400. In 2021 alone, the number of China's space launches in the whole year reached 55, ranking first in the world. The Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft was sent to the space station by the long march 2F rocket, an "old friend" of the astronauts. This is the carrier rocket with the most complicated technology and the highest reliability and safety index in the history of China's aerospace. So far, all Shenzhou spacecraft and Tiangong-1 and tiangong-2 target aircraft entering space have been carried and launched by them. "Through half a century of development, the launch success rate of the long march series launch vehicles has reached 96%, especially in recent years, the technology has advanced by leaps and bounds, reaching the world-class level in terms of reliability, success rate and orbit accuracy." Said academician long Lehao, senior consultant of long march series launch vehicles. The stability of the launch site system gives astronauts more powerful and lasting confidence. When the Shenzhou 14 rocket assembly was transferred to the launch area, yanghaowen, a new recruit from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, was deeply shocked by the positioning accuracy. The spacecraft "walked" for nearly two hours from the vertical assembly and test plant of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to the launch tower, which was 1500 meters away. "This behemoth can be positioned exactly. It is conceivable how much sweat and wisdom Aerospace scientists have paid for this." Yanghaowen sighs. Yanghaowen also noticed that when Shenzhou 14 was finally assembled and docked, the hoisting operator xuhao was so orderly. The huge hook was operated by him, and every movement was exactly the same. This calm is the "expression" created by the astronauts' hard work day after day. The scorching summer sun shines light and heat wantonly over the Gobi. At the northwest corner of the vertical assembly test plant, the copper warning clock was covered with a layer of gold. Dengxiaojun, commander No. 0, is very familiar with such scenery. Whenever he felt relaxed, he would come to the warning clock and stand for a while. For spacemen, success is a little bit of failure, and failure is a little bit of success. "Because of a small mistake, the price we paid cannot be measured in money." Deng Xiaojun said. The total height of the vertical assembly test workshop is about 80m. Since the entry of the rocket, dengxiaojun has been running up and down almost every day, carefully testing the index parameters and carefully checking the status of spare parts. From the instrument cabin at the top of the rocket to the take-off deck at the tail end, he has not missed even the smallest plug. The meticulous work day and night before the launch resulted in the calm during the launch. According to statistics, in 2021, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center achieved three victories in three battles in the construction of the space station, making a breakthrough of 22 annual space launches for the first time in history, setting a historical record for the annual space launch of a single launch site in China. From the power system to the propellant support system, the close cooperation of various subsystems has greatly boosted the confidence of astronauts. As time went on, the rocket gradually disappeared from people's view. And in the distance that we can't see, a pair of "eyes" are tracking the trajectory of Shenzhou 14 spacecraft. In the past year, the astronauts of the Chinese space station have shown us a new world. From teaching in space, sending blessings for the new year, to sending back magnificent photos taken by extravehicular cameras from the space station... Astronauts maintain close contact with the ground, can make voice and video calls, and can "surf the Internet" with netizens. All this is inseparable from the TT & C system represented by the sky link relay satellite system. With the further advancement of the space station mission, the construction of relay satellite system has entered a new stage of upgrading. The TT & C communication capability has leaped from the Earth Moon space to the interplanetary space, the Space-based TT & C capability has been continuously enhanced, the layout of the National Aerospace TT & C network has been further optimized, and a space-based integrated TT & C system with safety, reliability, rapid response, flexible access, efficient operation and wide service has been formed. The increasingly complete measurement and control system has made astronauts feel more at ease in the sky and astronauts feel more at ease on the ground. At present, the construction of China's space station has entered an intensive period. In the future, with the completion of the on orbit construction of the Chinese space station, Tianzhou series cargo spacecraft and Shenzhou series manned spacecraft will also usher in high-frequency and normalized missions. On the road of pursuing dreams in space, the pace of Chinese astronauts has become more and more firm. Keyword spanning There are no insurmountable difficulties in realizing the dream of "space homeland" A year ago, it was such a sunny morning. On the same launch pad, Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft flew into the sky, opening a new journey for China's manned space program. In just one year, three manned spacecraft, Shenzhou 12, Shenzhou 13 and Shenzhou 14, were launched one after another. In the vertical assembly and test plant not far away, Shenzhou 15 spacecraft is quietly waiting for the "ignition". Every flight is a new leap. Each leap marks a new height in China's space industry. The journey of the Chinese in space took five years, from 68 hours to 15 days; From three months to six months, it took less than four months. The crossing from 0 to 1 is the most difficult. Academician qifaren, the first chief designer of Shenzhou spacecraft, participated in and witnessed the development of China's aerospace industry from scratch and from weak to strong. Over the past 60 years, his most profound experience is: "you can only rely on yourself, not others, to develop and become strong." Now, academician qifaren is pleased to see that in many fields, Chinese astronauts have completed the leap from "following" to "leading". The cargo spacecraft is the ground logistics supply spacecraft of the space station. On May 10, 2022, the Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft was launched from the Wenchang space launch site in China, and successfully rendezvous and docking with the space station assembly. The Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft is loaded with more than 200 pieces of cargo from the astronaut system, the space station system and other systems, carrying about 750 kg of supplementary propellant, and the total weight of uplink materials is about 6000 kg. In terms of transport capacity alone, Tianzhou IV can be called the world's largest cargo ship in active service. In addition, Tianzhou IV also has the ability to undertake the space station operation support tasks such as attitude and orbit control, grid connected power supply, space station telemetry, data transmission support and space science experiment support. In particular, the "Tianzhou" series cargo spacecraft has the ability of independent and rapid rendezvous and docking, which is "unique" among the active cargo spacecraft in the world. It can be said that Tianzhou IV is one of the most comprehensive cargo spacecraft in the world. During the construction phase of the space station, "verification" has become another key word in China's manned spaceflight. "Manned spaceflight is the most technically difficult and systematically complex project in the space field. To build a national space laboratory well, we need not only strong organizational and support capabilities, but also a spirit of innovation." Zhoujianping, chief designer of China's manned space program, said, "many technologies are the first for us." On september27,2008, astronaut ZhaiZhiGang stepped out of the cabin door for the first time, taking the first step of the Chinese spacewalk. In the vast space, ZhaiZhiGang reported to the people all over the country: "Shenzhou VII report, I have left the cabin, and I feel good." The picture of him waving a five-star red flag in a white extravehicular spacesuit has become one of the unforgettable scenes in many people's minds. After 13 years, ZhaiZhiGang went out of the cabin again. Different from the first time, he completed more complex extravehicular operations by standing on the robot arm of the core module of the space station independently developed by China. Shenzhou 12 and Shenzhou 13 missions have created many "firsts": the first manned autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking; It is the first time to verify the ability of astronauts and mechanical arms to jointly complete extravehicular activities and extravehicular operations in orbit; The regenerative environmental control and life insurance technology has been comprehensively and systematically verified on orbit for the first time Shenzhou 14 mission is about to create more "firsts". According to the information released by the China Manned Space Engineering Office, in the upcoming six-month space flight, the Shenzhou 14 astronaut crew needs to meet the docking of the two experimental modules, Wentian and Mengtian, and cooperate with the ground to complete the establishment of the space station. During the construction process, the space station will undergo three separate evacuations, nine assembly configurations, two transpositions, and five rendezvous and docking missions. In addition, the astronauts will enter the two experimental modules according to the instructions, establish a manned environment, and carry out the extravehicular mission with the help of the airlock on the sky inquiry experimental module. Academician qifaren once said that China is a big Aerospace country, but it is not yet a powerful Aerospace country. From a space power to a space power, we still need to make greater progress and breakthroughs in many areas. It is not difficult to imagine that in the future, there will be more problems waiting for Chinese astronauts to challenge. There are no insurmountable difficulties in realizing the dream of "space homeland". Key words dream Only with down-to-earth efforts can we have the confidence to look up to the stars On june20,2013, Wang Nan, a sophomore in Gaomi, Shandong Province, sat in the classroom with her classmates to watch the live broadcast of "space class". In the lens of "water polo reflection", astronaut Wang Yaping's watery eyes and the water polo flowing with waves of light form a perfect contrast. This picture has become a good memory left to Wang Nan by the "space class". A seed of space flight has taken root in her heart since then. Eight years later, Wang Yaping was in space again and opened the second "space class" in the Chinese space station. The girl who looked up to space in those days has now become a designer of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation. The seed of that dream has already blossomed. On the day Shenzhou 13 returned, Wang Nan had a whim, wearing a mission armband printed with the words "China Space Station" to "punch in" everywhere. When she held the armband above her head, it was right in front of the statues of qianxuesen, renxinmin, tushoue, huangweilu and Liang shoupan. "The statue stopped the vigorous steps of the five elders. At that moment, I felt as if they were from