The recently held meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee called for ensuring the supply and price of energy and resources, and doing a good job in spring farming preparation. Since last year's central economic work conference emphasized the correct understanding and grasp of the supply guarantee of primary products, this meeting further put forward requirements, and the Party Central Committee has always attached great importance to energy and food issues. Facing the uncertainty of the international environment, we should ensure production and supply and consolidate the foundation of development. Building a solid foundation for development: keeping the bottom line of energy and food security Since the beginning of this year, the COVID-19 and the conflict between Russia and Ukraine have led to increased risks and challenges, substantial fluctuations in the global energy, food and other commodity markets, an increase in the complexity and severity of China's economic development environment, and new challenges in stabilizing growth and prices. Energy and food security is "the largest country", and ensuring energy and food security is a major strategic and fundamental issue. The key is to hold the safety bottom line, consolidate the foundation for stable production and supply of agriculture, oil and gas, and grasp the initiative of development in their own hands. Energy is not only the artery of industrialization and urbanization, but also the basis for the stable operation of production and life. Last year, phenomena such as "switching off and power rationing" occurred in some places, which had a certain impact on economic development and people's life. Energy is a primary product, and price changes will have an impact on the price of the whole industrial chain. As the price of energy products rises, the manufacturing cost of downstream industrial products will also rise, pushing up the overall price level. Yu, deputy director of the National Energy Supply Bureau, said that the fluctuation of domestic and international energy prices has brought about significant challenges to the national energy supply bureau. Coal, crude oil and natural gas are the three main energy sources in China. The import dependence of China's oil and natural gas exceeds 70% and 40% respectively. In the first quarter, the import amount of natural gas increased by 68.7% year-on-year, but the actual import volume decreased by 5.1%. Wang lining, executive director of carbon neutralization research center of China Petroleum Economic and Technological Research Institute, said that the high price shock in the energy market has led to rising costs. We must comprehensively implement policies and precise regulation, accelerate the development and application of advanced mining technologies, increase domestic production capacity, build a solid cornerstone of energy price stability, and deal with the uncertainty of the external environment with the certainty of domestic supply. Since this year, the food problem has attracted much attention. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and other relevant agencies recently jointly issued a report on the global food crisis, pointing out that the number of people facing daily food shortages reached a new high last year, and this year's Russian Ukrainian crisis affected global food production, which may further push up this figure. In recent years, China's grain harvest has been bumper year after year, and the overall reserves of grain and other important agricultural products are abundant, but the import of some agricultural products has increased. The export volume of wheat and corn from Russia and Ukraine accounts for 29% and 19% of the global trade volume. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has triggered a rise in international food prices, increasing the difficulty and cost of China's import. In the first quarter, China imported 20.28 million tons of soybeans, with a year-on-year decrease of 4.2%, but the amount increased by 20.9%. Cheng Guoqiang, a professor at the school of agriculture and rural development of Renmin University of China, said that the more we face risks and challenges, the more we should stabilize agriculture. As soon as there is trouble in the world, many countries will first cover their "grain bags" and take restrictive measures on the export of grain and other agricultural products, which warns us that we must stand on our own and hold China's rice bowl. Stabilizing energy supply: overall planning based on national conditions With the increasing temperature, many businesses are preparing for the air conditioning season. Power and other energy sources are the key to summer peak. Wang Peng, executive director of the National Energy Development Strategy Research Institute of North China Electric Power University, said that energy supply still faces some difficulties. The high coal price last year led to heavy losses in the coal power industry. This year, the complex international situation has impacted the international energy market. During the peak summer and peak winter, the power supply and demand in some regions will still be tight. To ensure energy security, we should be based on energy and resource endowment, adhere to the overall plan of establishing first and then breaking down. The gradual withdrawal of traditional energy must be based on the safe and reliable substitution of new energy. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, we should accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system. Rich coal, poor oil and little gas is China's resource endowment, which determines the main role of coal in the energy system. Last year, coal power accounted for less than 50% of the installed capacity, produced 60% of the country's electricity, undertook 70% of the peak task, and promoted the stable supply of electricity. Yu Bing said that we must deal with the relationship between development and emission reduction, overall and local, long-term goals and short-term goals. Through the implementation of the key move of "three reforms and linkage", we must further consolidate the bottom-up guarantee role of coal-fired power, improve the level of clean and efficient development, fully tap the ability of flexible regulation, and better ensure the security of China's energy and power supply. In the face of the current situation, all localities and departments should focus on the overall situation, strengthen coordination, accelerate the release of domestic advanced coal production capacity, and ensure the stable supply of electricity, coal and other energy: —— Give play to the main energy role of coal. This year, China's new coal production capacity is 300 million tons; Using market-oriented and legal methods to guide the operation of coal prices in a reasonable range; The people's Bank of China announced on the 4th that it would increase the special refinancing line of 100 billion yuan to support the clean and efficient utilization of coal. —— The national energy administration has proposed to continuously improve the intensity of oil and gas exploration and development, and resolutely complete the set goals of returning to 200 million tons of crude oil production and steadily increasing the production of natural gas this year. Vigorously develop wind power and photovoltaic, and orderly promote the construction of major hydropower and nuclear power projects. —— Actively make good use of the international market. From May 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023, China will implement a temporary import tax rate of zero for all coal to further promote energy supply. In the first quarter of this year, the supply constraints such as "power shortage" in the early stage were significantly alleviated, and the national economic cycle was further unblocked. The national output of raw coal, crude oil and natural gas increased by 10.3%, 4.4% and 6.6% respectively year-on-year. The newly installed capacity of renewable energy was 25.41 million KW, accounting for 80% of the newly installed power generation capacity in China. The relevant person in charge of the national development and Reform Commission said that the next step is to continue to ensure energy supply, give full play to the role of coal as the main energy, fully release advanced production capacity, and promote the transformation of energy conservation and emission reduction, flexibility and heating of coal-fired power units. Ensuring a bumper grain harvest: the bottom line task should be grasped Quarterly Spring competes for the day and summer for the time. Do not miss the farming season to ensure a bumper harvest of grain throughout the year, which is related to the stability of price base and ballast stone. Deng Xiaogang, Vice Minister of agriculture and rural areas, said recently that this year, affected by the spot distribution of the epidemic and the fluctuation of the international market, there is indeed greater pressure to seize a bumper grain harvest. Coordinating epidemic prevention and control and agricultural production, coping with the rise of agricultural prices, and preventing and controlling diseases and pests and extreme weather are all issues that must be paid attention to in grain production this year. All localities and departments have taken a series of measures to strengthen deployment—— In view of the large proportion of weak seedlings of Late Sown Wheat, the central government allocated 1.6 billion yuan of subsidy funds for promoting strong and stable yield of summer grain wheat to support major producing provinces in promoting strong and stable yield, disaster prevention and yield increase, and pest control; The central government allocated 20 billion yuan to subsidize farmers who actually grow grain, raised the minimum purchase price of Wheat by 2 cents per kilogram, and deployed by the national development and Reform Commission to invest 1 million tons of national potassium fertilizer reserves; The Ministry of agriculture and rural areas has opened a hotline to coordinate and get through the blocking points of farmers returning to the countryside, agricultural machinery on the road, and agricultural materials adjustment and transportation The Ministry of agriculture and rural areas said that it is the bottom line task to ensure that the annual grain output remains above 1.3 trillion kg. It is necessary to strictly implement the same responsibilities of the party and government for food security, make the first battle for a good summer grain harvest, strive to achieve a good harvest of early rice and do everything possible to achieve a good harvest of autumn grain. The data show that the area of Winter Wheat in China is stable at 336 million mu, and its growth is basically the same as that of the whole year; The area of spring sown grain is about 940 million mu, an increase over the previous year. At present, the area of spring sown grain has exceeded 50%, and the progress is faster than last year. Now, less than a month before the large-scale harvest of summer grain, we have to pass the checkpoints of diseases and pests, dry hot wind and lodging. All localities should strengthen the regulation of fertilizer and water and strengthen classified management. At present, the area of early rice is expected to increase steadily, and field management should be strengthened in the later stage. Autumn grain is the main part of grain production throughout the year. All localities should guide farmers to plant enough crops, stabilize corn, increase double cropping rice, develop ratooning rice and expand the planting of soybeans. Agricultural technicians should guide farmers to implement key technologies, do a good job in disaster prevention and reduction, and realize "grain grabbing by dragon mouth" and "grain grabbing by insect mouth". The relevant person in charge of the national development and Reform Commission said that the next step is to strengthen the logistics guarantee of materials such as spring ploughing chemical fertilizer and central grain and oil reserves in key areas, so as to ensure that the spring ploughing season is not missed and ensure food security. Focus on the overall situation, implement comprehensive policies, and strengthen the construction of independent and controllable energy supply capacity; Focus on the key and pay close attention to each season to ensure a bumper grain harvest throughout the year. Only by doing a solid job in ensuring the supply of primary products can we increase the foundation for high-quality development and firmly stabilize the cornerstone of the national economy and the people's livelihood. (Xinhua News Agency)