Entering the new stage of development, China's internal and external environment for development has undergone profound changes and faces many new major problems, which need to be correctly understood and grasped. Here are some key points. The first question: correctly understand and grasp the strategic objectives and practical ways to achieve common prosperity. "The rich, as the country is called, care about enriching the people." The creation and distribution of wealth is a major issue facing all countries. While social wealth is growing in some western countries, there has been a long-term gap between the rich and the poor and polarization. In some Latin American countries, the income is not high, but the distribution gap is large. Under China's socialist system, we should not only constantly liberate and develop social productive forces and constantly create and accumulate social wealth, but also prevent polarization, effectively promote people's all-round development and common prosperity for all people, and make more obvious substantive progress. In the past, we were egalitarianism under the low-income level. After the reform and opening up, some regions and some people became rich first. At the same time, the income gap has gradually widened. The improper accumulation of some wealth has brought risks and challenges to the healthy operation of economy and society. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. How should we take the road of common prosperity? We are exploring. To achieve the goal of common prosperity, we must first make the "cake" bigger and better through the joint efforts of the people of the whole country, and then correctly handle the relationship between growth and distribution through reasonable institutional arrangements, so as to cut and divide the "cake". This is a long-term historical process. We should create conditions, improve the system and move steadily towards this goal. We should strengthen the orientation of giving priority to employment in promoting high-quality development. Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood. We should improve the employment driving force of economic growth and constantly promote the expansion and qualitative improvement of employment. We should support the development of small, medium-sized and micro enterprises and give full play to their role as the main channel of employment. We should learn from the lessons of "disenchantment from reality to emptiness" in the economies of some western countries, continue to expand the real economy and create more high-quality jobs. We should increase investment in human capital, improve the quality of education, strengthen vocational education and skill training, improve the quality of workers, better meet the needs of high-quality development, and effectively prevent the risk of large-scale unemployment. We should give play to the function and role of distribution. We should properly handle the relationship between efficiency and fairness, and build a basic institutional arrangement for the coordination and matching of primary distribution, redistribution and tertiary distribution. We should adhere to distribution according to work as the main body, increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distribution, and improve the distribution policy according to factors. We should give play to the regulatory role of redistribution, strengthen the regulation of taxes, social security and transfer payments, and improve accuracy. We should give full play to the role of the third distribution, guide and support willing and capable enterprises and social groups to actively participate in public welfare charities, but we should not engage in moral kidnapping "forced donation". We should improve the public service policy system. To promote common prosperity, we should not engage in "welfarism". In those years, some Latin American countries engaged in populism and raised a group of "lazy people" and people who got something for nothing with high welfare. As a result, the national finance was overwhelmed and fell into the "middle-income trap" and could not extricate itself for a long time. Welfare benefits will not come down when they go up. It is unsustainable to engage in "welfarism" beyond our ability, which will inevitably bring serious economic and political problems! We should focus on improving the basic level of public services and education, and do our best not to meet the basic needs of the people. The second question: correctly understand and grasp the characteristics and behavior laws of capital. Marx and Engels did not envisage a market economy under socialist conditions. Of course, they could not foresee how socialist countries treated capital. Although Lenin and Stalin led the socialist construction of the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union implemented a highly centralized planned economic system at that time, and basically did not encounter the problem of large-scale capital. Building a socialist market economy is a great creation of our party. Since it is a socialist market economy, it is bound to produce various forms of capital. Although there are many differences between the capital of capitalist society and that of socialist society, capital is to pursue profits. "Those who unite the people of the world have money, and those who manage the money of the world have law." We should explore how to give full play to the positive role of capital under the condition of socialist market economy and effectively control the negative role of capital. In recent years, due to insufficient understanding and lack of supervision, there has been disorderly capital expansion, wanton manipulation and profiteering in some fields of our country. This requires standardizing capital behavior, seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages, not only not allowing "capital predators" to act arbitrarily, but also giving full play to the function of capital as a factor of production. This is a major political and economic issue that cannot be avoided. In practical work, we should pay attention to the following points. Set "traffic lights" for capital. "Traffic lights" are applicable to all means of transportation on the road, and the same is true for capital. All kinds of capital can't rush. We should prevent some capital from growing savagely. We should fight against monopoly, profiteering, sky high prices, malicious speculation and unfair competition. We should strengthen the effective supervision of capital according to law. The socialist market economy is an economy ruled by law, and capital activities should be carried out in accordance with the law. To curb the disorderly expansion of capital, we do not want capital, but the orderly development of capital. Relevant laws and regulations should be improved if they are not perfect, and those with existing laws and regulations should be strictly enforced and supervised. We should support and guide the standardized and healthy development of capital. We should uphold and improve the basic socialist economic system, unswervingly consolidate and develop the public economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public economy, and promote the healthy development of the non-public economy and the healthy growth of people in the non-public economy. The third question: correctly understand and grasp the supply guarantee of primary products. For a big country like ours, ensuring the supply of primary products is a major strategic issue. We must strengthen strategic planning and make adjustments as soon as possible to ensure supply security. We should give priority to economy. "If you take a system and use it with restraint, you will be rich, if you take it without restraint and use it without restraint, you will be deficient." We should implement a comprehensive conservation strategy and promote conservation actions in various fields. In the field of production, we should promote comprehensive conservation, intensive and recycling of resources, reduce energy and material consumption per unit product, accelerate technological transformation of manufacturing industry and improve input-output efficiency. In the field of consumption, we should enhance the people's awareness of saving, advocate a simple and moderate, green and low-carbon lifestyle, oppose extravagance, waste and excessive consumption, deeply carry out food saving actions such as "CD-ROM", and widely carry out actions such as creating green organs, green families, green communities and green travel. We should enhance the ability to guarantee the production of domestic resources. We should strengthen exploration, implement a new round of strategic action to make breakthroughs in prospecting, and improve the level of development and protection of marine and mineral resources. We should clarify the strategic bottom line of self-sufficiency in domestic production of important energy resources, give play to the supporting role of state-owned enterprises, and accelerate the development and application of advanced exploitation technologies for oil and gas and other resources. We should strengthen the construction of the national strategic material reserve system and play the regulatory role of the bottom line at the critical moment. We should promote waste classification and recycling, expand the use of domestic solid waste, and speed up the construction of waste recycling system. We should optimize the ability to guarantee overseas resources. We should make full use of both international and domestic markets and resources in a mutually beneficial and win-win way, strengthen energy and resources cooperation with relevant countries and expand the rights and interests of overseas high-quality resources on the premise of effectively preventing foreign investment risks. Here, I would like to place special emphasis on the supply security of agricultural products. According to the latest land survey results, the area of cultivated land is still decreasing, and the basic farmland in some places does not grow grain, fruit trees or other high value-added crops. I have repeatedly said that Chinese people's rice bowls should be firmly in their own hands at all times, and our rice bowls should mainly contain Chinese grain. We should put the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity in a more prominent position, continue to promote the construction of high standard farmland, deeply implement the action to revitalize the seed industry, improve the level of agricultural machinery and equipment, ensure the reasonable income of grain farmers, ensure the absolute safety of rations and the basic self-sufficiency of grains, and improve the production capacity and self-sufficiency rate of oil and soybeans. The fourth question: correctly understand and grasp the prevention and resolution of major risks. Since the 1990s, China has effectively responded to major tests such as the Asian financial crisis, the international financial crisis and the COVID-19. Now, there are many hidden risks in China's economic and financial field, but they are generally controllable. We should adhere to the bottom line thinking. The ancients said, "when a disaster starts, it should be Du Qimeng; when a disease is square, it should have its root." We should give full play to the party's leadership and the advantages of China's socialist system, know from a small point of view, grasp early and small, and strive to avoid major risks or crises. In the previous stage, we effectively handled shadow banking risks and Internet financial risks. At the same time, we should also see that new risks are still happening, and the events of "black swan" and "grey rhinoceros" continue. There are several important reasons for analyzing these phenomena. One is the result of long-term accumulation. The impact of "three-phase superposition" has not ended, and the early-stage risks still need to be digested. Second, regulatory capacity and institutional defects. Serious oversight of the corporate governance of financial institutions, and the ability and level of financial supervision do not adapt. The management of local debts was lax, and some places borrowed in violation of regulations in disguise, resulting in a continuous increase in the debt burden. Third, the borrower's barbaric behavior. Some large enterprises are blindly impulsive, irrational diversified expansion, over reliance on financial leverage, and industrial capital over enters the financial industry. Some shareholders and actual controllers operate and manage financial enterprises in violation of laws and regulations. There are insider control, manipulation by major shareholders, financial fraud and wantonly misappropriation of funds. Fourth, collusion and corruption between officials and businessmen. The heads of some financial institutions and government officials have been derelict in their duties, corrupt, rich in private money and generous to the state, resulting in heavy losses. Fifth, economic cycle changes. The downturn in economic growth has exposed all kinds of hidden risks, increased the probability of systemic risks caused by local risks, and highlighted the risks characterized by corporate insolvency. Next, we should continue to do a good job in risk disposal in accordance with the basic principles of stabilizing the overall situation, overall coordination, classified policy implementation and accurate bomb removal. We should comply with laws and regulations, strengthen the construction of financial rule of law, and explore the establishment of a system of regular revision of the law. It is necessary to consolidate the responsibility, "Whoever has children will hold them", consolidate the responsibility of local party and government, and be responsible for maintaining territorial stability and resolving risks; Consolidate the responsibilities of financial supervision, industry directors, discipline inspection and supervision departments, and promote risk resolution according to their respective responsibilities; Compact the main responsibility of self rescue of enterprises and formulate feasible risk resolution schemes. We should strengthen capacity-building, improve the scientific and technological level of supervision, make up for the shortcomings of supervision, and strengthen the construction of the contingent of financial supervision cadres. We should have sufficient resources, pay close attention to the establishment of financial stability guarantee fund, give full play to the role of deposit insurance system and industry guarantee fund in risk disposal, and study and formulate support policies to promote mergers and acquisitions of financial institutions and resolve non-performing assets. Local governments should take the initiative to revitalize stock assets and defuse risks. Enterprise shareholders should first bear the risk loss until the share capital is cleared. We need extensive cooperation from all parties, establish an integrated risk disposal mechanism in the financial industry, fully authorize and coordinate, and improve the ability of cross market and cross industry overall response. We should pay special attention to the risks of some real estate enterprises. Local wants