To cope with various risks and challenges, we must focus on the national strategic needs, stabilize the basic situation of agriculture, and do a good job in the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". The measures should be hard and strong in execution, so as to ensure the stable production and supply and the stable development of agriculture and rural areas. Since the beginning of this year, the complexity, severity and uncertainty of China's economic development environment have increased, and it is facing a test to win a bumper grain harvest and consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation. The reporter interviewed dengxiaogang, Vice Minister of the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas, on how to strengthen confidence, overcome difficulties, effectively coordinate the prevention and control of COVID-19 and agricultural production in spring, and maintain the steady development of agricultural and rural economy. The policy is precise and vigorous, the field management is implemented in detail, and every effort is made to achieve a good harvest of summer grain Reporter: the late sowing of winter wheat last year caused a high proportion of weak seedlings, and the summer grain harvest is facing great challenges. How to fight the first battle of the annual grain harvest? Deng Xiaogang: our bottom line task is to ensure that the annual grain output is more than 1.3 trillion Jin. Affected by the rare autumn flood in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces last year, the late sowing area of Winter Wheat in China is 110 million mu, and the complexity of seedling situation is rare for many years. Coupled with the continuous rise in the price of agricultural materials and the multi-point spread of the domestic epidemic, there is unprecedented pressure to capture a bumper summer grain harvest. Implementing the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, agricultural and rural departments at all levels have made greater efforts to manage summer grain fields, promote the weak to strong, stabilize the area and production capacity with harder measures, and ensure the supply of agricultural materials with greater strength. First, the policy is precise and effective, from household to person to field. The central government spent more than 6 billion yuan on summer grain production, with unprecedented support. In view of the fact that the proportion of weak seedlings of late sown wheat is large and the task of promoting weak to strong wheat is heavy, the central government allocated 1.6 billion yuan of subsidy funds for promoting strong and stable yield of summer grain wheat to support the main winter wheat producing provinces in promoting strong and stable yield, disaster prevention and yield increase, and pest control. In order to alleviate the impact of rising prices of agricultural materials on spring farming production, the central government has allocated 20 billion yuan to provide one-time subsidies to farmers who actually grow grain. At the same time, the minimum purchase price of wheat was increased by 2 cents per kilogram to stabilize farmers' expectations of growing grain. Second, stabilize the yield and area, and implement field management. All localities pay close attention to key growth periods such as wheat jointing, heading and grain filling, implement water and fertilizer regulation, "one spray and three prevention" and other technical measures to stabilize and increase production, and strive to increase the number of panicles, the number of grains and the weight of grains. Adding one kilogram is one kilogram. Try our best to expand the sowing area of spring wheat, and one mu can be increased. The Ministry of agriculture and rural areas organized and carried out the special action of "strengthening seedlings through science and technology", dispatched the wheat seedling situation one by one, and drew the national wheat seedling growth map by region and classification. The Ministry of agriculture and rural areas formulated the work plan and technical guidelines for fighting disasters and reaping bumper harvests as soon as possible, and sent more than 100 government cadres and 200 technicians to form a working group and a science and technology team to cover the front line of provincial and film sinking, guide the field management of late sowing wheat, pay close attention to the implementation of policies, and promote the transformation and upgrading of wheat seedlings. Third, ensure supply, stabilize prices, stabilize the supply chain, and put agricultural materials to the field in time. Due to the closure and control of the epidemic, the flow of personnel, the transportation and marketing of agricultural materials and the circulation of agricultural products in some areas have been blocked, and the spring farming production has been affected to a certain extent. We have been paying close attention to these problems. The Ministry of agriculture and rural areas has established a special class for the protection and supply of agricultural materials, opened hotlines and online messages, point-to-point solved the difficulties and problems encountered by farmers in spring farming production, coordinated and opened up the blocking points of farmers returning to the countryside, agricultural machinery on the road, and agricultural materials adjustment and transportation, and maintained the circulation order of agricultural production. At present, the supply of seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides in China is generally guaranteed, and the progress of household entry is roughly the same as that of the whole year. With the joint efforts of all parties, the situation of summer grain production is better than expected. The proportion of class I and class II seedlings of 336 million mu of Winter Wheat in China is 87.9%, which is 17.4 percentage points higher than that before overwintering. The growth trend is basically the same as that of the whole year, laying a foundation for a bumper harvest. Spring ploughing is progressing smoothly on the whole, with more than 40% of the grain sown in spring, faster than last year, creating favorable conditions for a bumper grain harvest throughout the year. At present, it is the most difficult time for epidemic prevention and control, and also the most critical time for spring farming production. We must grasp both hands, be hard on both hands, resolutely fight the first battle of summer grain harvest, and consolidate the foundation of annual grain harvest. Promote supply, smooth circulation and stabilize the market, and do everything possible to make residents carry a stable "vegetable basket" Reporter: at present, there is a great pressure on the supply of fresh agricultural products during the epidemic prevention and control in some areas. How to stabilize production and supply and let residents carry a "vegetable basket"? Deng Xiaogang: some time ago, the epidemic spread at many points. In some areas, the "vegetable basket" products encountered problems such as difficult harvest in the field, inadequate logistics and distribution, and the supply in some areas was affected. The Ministry of agriculture and rural areas, together with relevant departments, took prompt action to timely dispatch the production and supply of 36 large and medium-sized cities, organize the wholesale markets of key agricultural products to jointly ensure supply, strengthen the coordination of member units of the inter ministerial joint meeting on "vegetable basket" food management, and earnestly ensure the stable production, supply and price of "vegetable basket" products. On the whole, the production foundation of "vegetable basket" products in China is solid and the total amount is sufficient. At the end of the first quarter, the national output of pork was 15.61 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 14%, the output of beef, mutton and poultry increased by 0.3%, the output of milk increased by 8.3%, and the output of domestic aquatic products increased by 2.5%. The vegetable supply was generally stable, and the area of vegetables in the field increased by nearly 3 million mu year-on-year. Next, the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas will make further efforts to make every effort to ensure that the "vegetable basket" products are produced, supplied and provided with excellent quality. First, strengthen the production of "vegetable basket" products. Reasonably arrange the varieties of vegetables at maturity and the stubble for listing, promote the development of fast-growing leafy vegetables and sprouted vegetables in large and medium-sized cities, and increase the market supply. Ensure the normal transportation and marketing order of livestock and poultry and aquatic products out of the pond, unblock the supply and transportation of breeding livestock and poultry (seedlings) and feed, and guide large-scale business entities to carry out mutual assistance and cooperation and exchange employment, so as to ensure production and collection. Second, promote the smooth circulation of "vegetable basket" products. Urge all localities to implement the requirements for ensuring smooth freight logistics, include agricultural products such as grain and oil, vegetables, fruits, meat, eggs, milk and aquatic products into the scope of key guarantee materials for normalized epidemic prevention and control, and give priority to issuing unified national passes. Third, strengthen the supply of "vegetable basket" products in key areas. Promote the establishment of "vegetable basket" product transfer and distribution stations, feeder areas or distribution yards in closed areas throughout the region as soon as possible, and adopt the methods of "changing people without changing cars" and "one car with one disinfection and sterilization" to solve the problem of cross regional transportation. Restore the functions of wholesale markets, community restaurants and other circulation nodes as soon as possible, and strengthen the guarantee of community distribution. Fourth, do a good job in the production and marketing of "vegetable basket" products. Promote the establishment of stable production and marketing cooperation between large and medium-sized cities and main production areas, and organize the direct connection between wholesale markets, supermarkets and other entities and production bases, so as to stabilize the supply of goods and smooth production and marketing. Develop industries, stabilize post employment, and do everything possible to maintain the momentum of steady increase in farmers' income Reporter: Farmers' income increased steadily in the first quarter, but we also see that there are still some uncertainties in increasing farmers' employment and income. What measures will the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas take to stabilize the momentum of increasing farmers' income, especially the people out of poverty? Deng Xiaogang: an important measure to test the effectiveness of rural work is whether farmers' money bags are bulging. Increasing farmers' income is the central task of the agricultural and rural sectors. In the first quarter of this year, with the efforts of various regions and departments, farmers' income actually increased by 6.3%, 2.1 percentage points faster than that of urban residents. However, from the current situation, there are still some difficulties and problems in this regard. For example, due to the spread of the epidemic, the pressure on farmers to go out to work has increased, the production and marketing of agricultural products in some areas is not smooth, the price of agricultural materials continues to rise, pushing up the cost of agricultural production. Next, we should do everything possible to maintain the good momentum of increasing farmers' income by developing industries, stabilizing post employment, promoting entrepreneurship and investment. First, develop industries to increase income. Based on rural resources, expand agricultural functions, Tap Rural multiple values, expand and strengthen agricultural product processing industry, orderly restore rural leisure tourism, continue to promote agricultural products out of villages and into cities, improve agricultural quality and efficiency, and continuously increase farmers' income. In particular, we should continue to pay close attention to the characteristic industries in poverty-stricken areas, and speed up making up for the shortcomings in technology, facilities, marketing and talents, so as to make the industry become the "power source" for the people to increase their income and become rich. Second, stabilize post employment and promote income growth. In terms of local employment, we will strengthen the construction of modern agricultural industrial parks, advantageous and characteristic industrial clusters and strong agricultural towns, strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland and other projects, promote work for relief and make good use of public welfare posts, so as to increase farmers' employment opportunities. In terms of migrant workers' employment, we will strengthen skills training and employment guidance for migrant workers, especially the poverty-stricken labor force, give full play to the labor cooperation between the East and the west, and "ten thousand enterprises prosper ten thousand villages", so as to improve the quality of migrant workers, especially to ensure the completion of the task of more than 30 million migrant workers in poverty-stricken areas. Third, promote entrepreneurship and increase income. According to comprehensive calculation, a return home entrepreneurship project can drive 6-7 farmers to obtain stable employment and 17 people to obtain flexible employment on average. We will continue to strengthen entrepreneurship policy support and promote the "one window, one portal and one-stop" handling of rural entrepreneurship services, so that returning "makers" and local talents can do what they can, show their skills and make great achievements in the vast rural world, bring employment with Entrepreneurship and increase income with employment. Fourth, investment to promote business and increase income. In recent years, many industrial and commercial capital went to the countryside to set up enterprises, established a close interest connection mechanism with farmers, and promoted farmers' employment and income. We should guide industrial and commercial capital to go to the countryside, establish green and high-quality product bases, layout processing capacity, promote industrial integration and development, and drive farmers to get rich together. "Agriculture, rural areas and farmers" are improving and taking the initiative in the overall situation. Rice bowls are mainly filled with Chinese grain to ensure the supply of agricultural products and improve farmers' income. Everything has a bearing on people's livelihood and the overall situation. Next, in accordance with the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we will coordinate epidemic prevention and control and agricultural production, consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, and strive to ensure stable and increased agricultural production, steady increase of farmers' income and stability and tranquility in rural areas. We are determined and confident to firmly hold the two bottom lines of ensuring national food security and preventing large-scale return to poverty, stabilize the basic situation of agriculture and provide solid support for the overall stability of economy and society. (outlook new era)