Recently, the Ministry of transport and the Ministry of science and Technology issued the outline of medium and long term development plan for scientific and technological innovation in the field of transportation (2021-2035), which proposed to accelerate the innovative application of the integration of new generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing and big data with transportation, and vigorously promote the construction of deeply integrated intelligent transportation. As the "artery" of modern economic development, the transportation industry is quietly undergoing a huge digital transformation. Wang Xiaojing, chief scientist of the national intelligent transportation system engineering technology research center, pointed out in an interview with China Electronics News: "all technologies are tools. The application of the new generation of information technology should not be used for use, but should be used properly. The ultimate goal is to solve the transportation problems related to the national economy and the people's livelihood." Digital technology promotes the digitalization of transportation industry From taxis that can only wait for passing by on the roadside to drivers who only need to release their itinerary on their mobile phones, from the "one ticket is hard to find" during the Spring Festival transportation peak to the full opening of online and offline ticket purchase channels, from the complete blockage of the road in case of an accident to the visual processing and rapid dredging of the road... The application of new generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and 5g seems to open up the "Ren Du pulse" of urban traffic, It has brought earth shaking changes to people's daily travel. Data collection, processing and comprehensive application are the key for the transportation industry to move towards digitization, networking and intelligence. Wang Xiaojing said: "the biggest change brought by the new technology to the transportation industry is to change the way of data acquisition and processing, thus driving the transformation of travel service mode, transportation operation mode, decision-making mode and governance mode." In the past, it mainly relied on a large number of sampling and statistical work to obtain traffic data and make traffic models to evaluate traffic conditions. At that time, the use cost of digital technology was very high, but the maturity was relatively low. Now, with the rapid development of digital technology, its maturity is gradually improved, new technologies and methods are emerging, and the cost is also rapidly reducing. "For example, the emergence of 5g makes data transmission less difficult and faster; the development of satellite communication enables us to obtain and transmit data at any time and anywhere. The development of digital technology enables us to obtain real-time data or even full data in a more convenient and accurate way, which greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of traffic analysis, traffic organization and traffic decision-making, and provides services closer to Laobai Last name requirements. " Wang Xiaojing said. Another important change brought about by digital technology is that it promotes the transformation of traffic operation mode from passive to active. "In the past, people can only use what kind of services the transportation service providers provided; now, with the help of digital technology, there are more options for transportation tools, transportation facilities and transportation services. People can choose freely, and even affect the service mode of the transportation service providers through the feedback of their own needs." "But conversely, service platform managers can also influence the choice of service users through digital technology," Wang Xiaojing said For example, the emerging online taxi service is an industrial revolution in the field of travel, which has brought significant changes in travel formats and service modes. Its emergence benefits from the popularization of digital technology. The online car Hailing platform needs to gather the relevant traffic data collection of drivers, passengers and lines, and conduct intelligent analysis through digital technology, so as to realize the optimal matching of human, vehicle and road resources. From the perspective of users, this greatly improves the travel efficiency and optimizes the travel experience. From the perspective of platform, it can influence users' choice through various dimensions such as price, time period and route, and grasp the initiative of traffic operation in its own hands. Solving the contradiction between traffic supply and demand cannot rely on digital technology alone Digital technology plays a vital role in the development of urban intelligent transportation, but it should be noted that digital technology is not omnipotent. Wang Xiaojing pointed out: "first of all, it can not solve the problem of people and things moving in physical space; second, the restrictions of vehicles in power, speed, safety and comfort make the ability of digital technology to improve traffic operation efficiency have boundaries. The essence of transportation problem is the contradiction between supply and demand, which can not be solved only by digital technology." At present, although the total imbalance between the supply of transportation facilities and traffic demand in China has been greatly alleviated, traffic congestion often occurs during the peak hours of urban travel, and traffic congestion on highways during holidays, which are the spear and shield of local traffic supply and demand. Digital technology can not solve the problems such as the number and physical size of vehicles, the physical size of roads and the road capacity per unit time. Therefore, it can not solve the congestion caused by the traffic demand of intersections exceeding the supply capacity of intersections. What digital technology can do is to reduce travel volume by promoting the popularization of online office, feed back road condition information in real time, guide off peak travel, regulate traffic lights according to the traffic flow in all directions at the intersection, and ensure fairness in all directions. "It can be seen that the way out for big cities to solve the contradiction between traffic supply and demand is still public transport and rail transit. The role that digital technology can play has conditions and boundaries. If intelligent network technology mainly serves cars, it is not the optimal solution." Wang Xiaojing said. As an organic combination of the Internet of vehicles and intelligent vehicles, intelligent networked vehicles have been developed for many years by carrying software and hardware intelligent transportation equipment and integrating a new generation of information technology to realize data exchange and sharing between vehicles and people, roads and background. Wang Xiaojing told reporters: "I had been driving autonomous vehicle in the United States in 1997, and also drove the automatic driving minibus between two venues in France in 2015. Compared with developed countries, the development of the new automatic driving in China started five or six years later. In the past two years, with the introduction of 5G network security, calculation and artificial intelligence technology, the development of the whole industry began to speed up." At present, j3016 automatic driving classification standard formulated by the international society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) in 2014 is the common automatic driving classification method in the market. SAE's description of automation is divided into six levels, i.e. level l0 to level L5. It should be noted that SAE's expression and level division in j3016, which has been updated in 2021, make it clear that below level L2 is the driver support system (i.e. auxiliary driving), and from level L3 to level L5 is automatic driving, but it also stipulates that level L3 should be driven by the driver when necessary. In fact, the auxiliary driving technology below L2 level has been developed for more than 20 years and has been applied in many commercial vehicles, but generally speaking, there is still a big gap from the realization of real automatic driving commercial in the next stage. Wang Xiaojing said frankly: "the next step in the development of automatic driving still faces many difficult problems. For example, how to balance the safety cost and the interests of industrial development is not a problem that can be solved by a department or an enterprise, but a social problem. In addition, bicycle intelligence depends on sensors and chips, which is a short board we can't get around. In addition, vehicle road coordination has not yet found a clear application scenario." Collaborative intelligent transportation is one of the development directions in the future In fact, today, modern transportation has achieved the goals of "visible" and "adjustable", and has reached an important stage of solving the basic contradictions that are not easy to solve. In the future, cooperative intelligent transportation, or cooperative intelligent transportation, which is called cooperative its in developed countries, will become the direction of future evolution. Its important feature is to connect various traffic elements and terminals through the new generation of communication, cooperate to solve various traffic problems and realize integrated services under the common goal. The development and application of global intelligent transportation related technologies started in the 1960s. The term intelligent transportation (ITS) has appeared for 30 years. Developed countries or regions such as the United States, Europe and Japan have made great progress under the guidance of the intelligent transportation system framework. The United States is good at technology, and enterprises, universities and national laboratories are pioneers in development. At present, relevant departments such as the U.S. Department of transportation will focus on evaluating the applicability of various cutting-edge technologies in transportation, formulating incentive policies, guiding demonstration and promoting implementation. The EU has formulated the sustainable and intelligent transportation strategy, which takes digital technology as the guide, takes carbon reduction and emission reduction as the assessment objectives, and combines the development of new energy vehicles with energy conversion efficiency. In its national innovation strategic plan (SIP) and social 5.0 plan (Society 5.0), Japan has made arrangements for intelligent transportation, including automatic driving, but its focus is on technological innovation and sustainable development in various fields under social objectives. Specifically, intelligent transportation arranges technological development and industrial development under the three objectives of human diversity, common value creation and sustainable development, It emphasizes the application of intelligent technology to reduce the impact of traffic on nature, realize safe and comfortable traffic, and improve the elasticity of the transportation system. China has also included smart green in relevant policies. From the outline of building a strong transportation country issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in 2019 to the guiding opinions on promoting the construction of new infrastructure in the field of transportation issued by the Ministry of transportation in 2020, to the current development plan of modern comprehensive transportation system in the 14th five year plan and the outline of medium and long-term development plan for scientific and technological innovation in the field of transportation (2021-2035), the top-level design of national intelligent transportation is gradually improving. How to really combine new technology with traffic demand and traffic application? Wang Xiaojing said: "we can't use any new technology blindly. If all technologies are to be applied to the field of transportation, we must first test whether it is useful with traffic indicators." In his opinion, the current traffic indicators no longer only include hard indicators such as infrastructure construction, travel volume and travel times, but also soft indicators such as people's subjective feelings (comfort and convenience), traffic availability and social impact (carbon reduction). The realization of these soft indexes requires digital technology to assist in analysis and decision-making. "In order to concentrate on doing great things, the construction of intelligent transportation cannot be achieved in one step. We must focus on the key points and give priority to solving key problems. At present, the relevant national programmatic documents have been issued, and more detailed rules need to be put forward in the follow-up according to the actual situation, so as to promote the construction of a new generation of intelligent transportation system with key points, objectives and grasp." Wang Xiaojing said. (Xinhua News Agency)