Spring is the high incidence period of allergic rhinitis. Industry experts said that the number of patients with allergic rhinitis in China was as high as 240 million, of which children were the "hardest hit group". Why is incidence rate of allergic rhinitis so high? How can we make everyone less "nose trouble"? The incidence rate is high, and the younger age is obvious. Wu Bi, a fourth grade girl in Guangzhou primary school, often has itchy nose, stuffy nose and sneezing. Ms. Fang, her mother, said that her daughter had allergic rhinitis since she was in primary school. She sneezed and had a runny nose when she blew the air conditioner, caught cold or in a dry environment. "Our family is suffering from allergic rhinitis. In addition to Wu Bi, my other two children also have symptoms of allergic rhinitis to varying degrees." Ms. Fang said helplessly. Allergic rhinitis is a common chronic nasal disease. Zhang Luo, President of Beijing Tongren Hospital, said that there were 240 million patients with allergic rhinitis in China. According to the Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis completed by Zhang Luo, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in adults in China increased from 11.1% to 17.6% in the six years from 2005 to 2011, and the number of patients increased by about 100 million. Children are the "hardest hit group" of allergic rhinitis. Ruan Yan, director of the Department of Otolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of traditional Chinese medicine, said that patients with allergic rhinitis were the largest number of patients in his department. Allergic rhinitis not only has a high incidence, but also shows a trend of younger age. Most of the patients he received were children. The treatment of allergic rhinitis with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine edited by Ruan Yan and others mentioned a set of data: Chinese experts conducted an epidemiological survey on children's allergic rhinitis in Beijing, Chongqing and Guangzhou by using multi-stage sampling method, and found that the prevalence rates were 14.46%, 20.42% and 7.83% respectively. Another survey of preschool children in Urumqi showed that the prevalence of allergic rhinitis ranged from 17.8% to 25.4%, which was in direct proportion to the growth of age. Why is high incidence difficult to treat? Why is the prevalence of allergic rhinitis higher and higher? Industry experts believe that with the development of industrialization, the pathogenic factors of allergic rhinitis are increasing. The results of the questionnaire showed that in Guangdong Province, the prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in children aged 7 to 12 in Guangzhou was 23.2%, which was significantly higher than 5.3% in Shaoguan, northern Guangdong. Similarly, the questionnaire survey of children aged 3 to 7 in Shanghai shows that the prevalence of seasonal allergic rhinitis in urban children is also higher than that in suburban children. Mites, pollen and pets are the most common allergens of allergic rhinitis. Ruan Yan said that for residents living in southern China, their main allergen is mites, which is related to the high temperature, high humidity and rainy climate in the south, which is suitable for the transmission of house dust mites. The allergens of northern residents are mainly juniper pollen, Artemisia pollen and so on. On the other hand, the interaction between human and environment is reduced, resulting in different responses of human immune system to environmental allergens. Li Jian, chief physician of the Department of Otolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat sen University, said that the human immune system is a process of gradual development and training. "People are less and less exposed to natural environment from infancy, causing the species of contact microorganisms such as respiratory tract and digestive tract to decrease, and the immune system's response to allergens in some environments is different from before, and the incidence rate of allergic diseases is higher." Many patients said that although allergic rhinitis was treated, it recurred many times. Why is allergic rhinitis difficult to cure? Experts said that as an immune disease, allergic rhinitis still has many pathogenesis unclear. Ruan Yan said that the epidemiology and etiology of allergic rhinitis are becoming more and more abundant. At present, many risk factors have been found to be prone to allergic rhinitis, including genetic mechanism, air pollution, pollen season, early antibiotic use, indoor allergen exposure, etc., but the correlation between its severity and etiology has not been clear. Multi pronged prevention and control Experts said that although allergic rhinitis will not pose a serious threat to patients' life and health, it will reduce their quality of life. In addition, if allergic rhinitis is not controlled, 20% to 40% of patients with allergic rhinitis may develop asthma at some stage of life. In view of the high incidence and obvious characteristics of low age of allergic rhinitis, the interviewed experts suggested to carry out epidemiological investigation and carry out targeted prevention and clinical treatment. Li Jian believes that for patients, drugs are the first choice to control the symptoms of allergic rhinitis, which can alleviate the symptoms, prolong the interval and reduce recurrent attacks. However, doctors also remind that some medical institutions have made a commitment to cure allergic rhinitis, or use some other folk prescriptions for treatment, which may not cure allergic rhinitis, but may bring irreversible harm. Patients need to go to regular medical institutions and follow their doctor's advice. "Patients often ask whether they can cure allergic rhinitis, or whether there are specific drugs for allergic rhinitis." Ruan Yan said that according to the existing technical means, allergic rhinitis is really difficult to cure, and there is no so-called specific drug; However, after formal and standardized comprehensive treatment, the best symptom control can be achieved and the quality of life of patients can be significantly improved. In addition, industry experts believe that the greening work also needs to fully consider the factors of allergic rhinitis. The results showed that the number of inflammatory cells increased in the season of pollen transmission, and pollen allergy was positively correlated with allergic rhinitis. When planning and planting greening tree species and flower seeds, all localities should make scientific demonstration to reduce the increase of environmental allergens caused by greening. (outlook new era)