On the evening of March 17, Nanjing University announced the score line for the re examination of master's enrollment in 2022, and Zhang Yun (a pseudonym) confirmed that he had really failed. She applied for a degree in journalism and communication this year and learned that her score was 41 points higher than last year's score line. She once thought she was "stable" and "didn't expect so many high scores this year". After the announcement of the national line of postgraduate entrance examination in 2022, "how difficult is this postgraduate entrance examination student" and other topics once occupied the top of the hot search list of social platforms. Nanjing University and other 34 independent universities have successively announced the basic score line of this year's postgraduate entrance examination and retest, triggering a new round of discussion. What is behind the improvement of scores? How to improve the training quality? It has aroused heated discussion from all parties. Postgraduate entrance examination has become a "rigid demand", and the structure and function of graduate education have undergone great changes After the national line of postgraduate entrance examination was released this year, many postgraduate entrance examination students found that except for a few majors, the score line generally rose, and most of last year's score lines can no longer be used as a reference. Referring to the national line of postgraduate entrance examination in 2021, the reporter found that the national line of most majors increased to varying degrees in 2022. Among the national professional lines of class a candidates for academic degrees, philosophy increased by 15 points to 314 points, pedagogy increased by 14 points and literature increased by 12 points compared with last year; The national lines of Engineering (excluding engineering care) and science increased by 10 points. The national line of professional degree class a candidates in various disciplines is also rising. According to the data in recent years, the floating space of the national line of postgraduate entrance examination is generally about 5 points. Behind the general rise of the score line is the continuous expansion of the postgraduate entrance examination army. Since 2016, the number of postgraduate candidates in China has maintained a high growth trend in the high base. In 2022, the number of applicants for the national postgraduate entrance examination was 4.57 million, an increase of 800000 or 21% over 2021. However, the increase in enrollment is limited. In 2022, colleges and universities plan to recruit about 1.1 million students, an increase of only tens of thousands compared with last year. "My postgraduate entrance examination is to engage in sports work in the future and get a relatively high starting point." Chen Danni, a fresh student from the school of international economics and trade of Nanjing University of Finance and economics, was shortlisted for the enrollment reexamination of the master of physical education major of Peking University with 393 points. "In fact, the professional reexamination line last year was only 340 points, and it takes 380 points to be shortlisted this year. I'm only the fifth." Like Chen Danni, many students have aimed at the future work direction when taking the postgraduate entrance examination. Cao Taisheng, vice president of the Institute of education of Nanjing University, said that compared with the past, the structure and function of graduate education have changed greatly. Many people take the postgraduate entrance examination more based on practical considerations such as employment and promotion. At the same time, a large number of workers have also joined the army of postgraduate entrance examination. Research has generated a "rigid demand" for employment from a high starting point, and famous schools are a gorgeous "springboard" in the eyes of the "postgraduate entrance examination party". Compared with the national line, the scores of "double first-class" colleges and universities that draw independently have increased more, and the scores of individual majors have even increased by more than 50 points. Cao Taisheng's analysis believes that "in the past two years, the proportion of exempt students in famous schools has been rising, superimposed with the rise of 'examination ratio', the difficulty of postgraduate entrance examination of popular majors is self-evident, and there are many majors with hundreds of people competing for three or four places." In the high heat of postgraduate entrance examination, the competition among famous schools is white hot. Compared with last year, NTU's philosophy score increased by 20 points and pedagogy by 35 points; The re examination scores of publishing, social work, applied psychology, Stomatology, nursing and other majors in professional degrees increased by 15-20 points. The scores of pedagogy and law in academic degrees, master of education and master of international Chinese education in professional degrees of Southeast University increased by 25-30 points. High scores are not equal to good students, and there is "uneven hot and cold" among disciplines in schools "On the surface, the rise of the 'examination and admission ratio' is conducive to the selection of talents and the recruitment of satisfactory graduate students in Colleges and universities." Shi Weidong, President of Nantong University, said bluntly, but some students failed to complete their junior and senior courses and graduation theses in order to take the postgraduate entrance examination. Such a source of students is often unsatisfactory. Many successful "ashore" candidates admitted that they have been preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination since the beginning of their freshman year. Their daily learning basically revolves around the subjects of the postgraduate examination, and the tense examination state is almost the same as preparing for the college entrance examination. In the context of examination oriented, there are more and more standardized and intensive postgraduate entrance examination training courses. "Universities should change the thinking mode of senior high school and focus on cultivating innovative ability and quality." A college teacher who participates in the interview for master students every year admitted that many candidates' knowledge, thinking and expression ability do not match their postgraduate entrance examination scores. To select suitable talents among large-scale postgraduate students, the reform of recruitment and evaluation methods is very important. "The postgraduate entrance examination team is expanding day by day. In order to ensure the fairness of the recruitment, all recruitment units gradually tend to the unified examination from independent proposition. The advantage of this is that the standards are consistent, but the disadvantage is that the space for the investigation of students' ability is relatively limited." Fuck Taisheng said. In the "rising" sound of the score line, the reporter noted that the "uneven heat and cold" between schools and disciplines objectively exists. Some relatively "hard" majors are still attracting little attention. For example, the national line of Agronomy is still stable at 252 points. The humanities and social sciences tend to rise more in the admission score line. For example, the scores of the academic degrees of Nanjing University of science and engineering, and even the scores of the basic secondary schools of medicine and information, such as Nanjing University of science and engineering, decreased slightly. "The knowledge of Humanities and social sciences is highly transferable. Through a period of study or training, you can be shortlisted for competition. However, whether it is really suitable for this discipline should be comprehensively considered in combination with your own interests and knowledge ability." Cao Taisheng said that in addition, the score line of some majors may be affected by the whole category of disciplines. "For example, the major of educational economy and management is awarded the degree of management. When recruiting students, they will draw a retest line with the popular majors related to management in the school of business and the school of engineering management, and the impact is real." The score line is generally rising and falling, and there is still a shortage of graduate students in some colleges and universities. At the time of press release, hundreds of colleges and universities issued adjustment announcements, most of which were non double first-class ordinary colleges and universities. Shi Weidong believes that "enrollment is a two-way selection process. With the continuous promotion of the construction of" double first-class ", candidates will pay more attention to the disciplines of" double first-class "colleges and universities. When the enrollment indicators are determined and the source of students is limited, the liberalization of the exemption policy will also lead to the serious loss of high-quality students in local colleges and universities." Respond to social expectations and make graduate education more "valuable" Knowing that there was no hope of "landing" this year, Yuan Weiwei, an engineering major at Nanjing University, began consulting the postgraduate entrance examination class to prepare for "World War II". This year, she enrolled 103 law majors and masters, and she ranked more than 200. "The situation may be more severe next year, but I will study as a graduate student sooner or later." Yuan Weiwei said. "Behind the postgraduate entrance examination fever is the desire for high-level talents in various fields and the desire of candidates for a higher talent platform. It is suggested that candidates pay more attention to national policies and guidance." Cao Taisheng said that in general, the increment of graduate enrollment is more oriented to basic disciplines such as mathematics and chemistry, and related disciplines in areas urgently needed by the people's livelihood. In terms of graduate enrollment structure, it is more inclined to professional degrees. Candidates should know more about the needs of the state and the needs of enterprises and institutions for talents, and make career planning. "Graduate education should actively meet the major needs of the country. In terms of graduate enrollment indicators, through incremental tilt and stock adjustment, we should give key support to basic disciplines such as mathematics and physics, frontier interdisciplinary disciplines such as integrated circuits, and disciplines in urgently needed areas of people's livelihood such as public health and clinical medicine." Shi Weidong suggested that we should establish an enrollment and selection system suitable for the training objectives, explore an enrollment and selection mechanism suitable for the development needs of Postgraduates in the new era, combine the assessment of scientific research ability with the cultivation of doctoral students, and the assessment of practical ability should be closer to the needs of society and enterprises, so as to make real talents stand out. At the same time, we will increase support for Discipline Construction and graduate education in local colleges and universities, especially further increase the graduate enrollment plan of local colleges and universities. Because graduate students trained by local colleges and universities may be more willing to take root and serve the place. "The gradual improvement of educational requirements for personnel in Application-oriented posts will have a substantive impact on graduate enrollment and training." Cao Taisheng said that at present, the distinction between professional postgraduates and academic postgraduates in many schools is not high in the actual training. We must work hard on the curriculum system and education and teaching methods, improve the "professionalism" of graduate education, respond to the needs of applied high-level talents, and promote the resonance between graduate education and socio-economic development. (Xinhua News Agency)