At present, everything can be a book. As the oldest book variety, "biography" is still the "highlight" of a wide variety of publications. Only when there is a market can products be produced, so can books. So why do readers like reading biographies? When publishing houses keep pace with the times and launch upgraded versions one after another, how should readers open them? Interpretation of Van Gogh by psychoanalysis: the starry sky originally has a different meaning Seeing that Albert J. Lubin, the author of strangers in the world: Van Gogh's psychological biography (East China Normal University Press, February 2022), is a professor of clinical psychiatry, I think I will read a "Van Gogh biography" which is unique among Van Gogh biographies because of another way. Almost from the moment when Van Gogh was born, Lupin used the "ruler" of psychological analysis to measure how Van Gogh, who was inexpressible and eccentric, "refined" himself into a great painter Van Gogh. In addition to the famous "longing for life: the biography of Van Gogh", I have also read several Van Gogh stories and the well-made cartoon "beloved Van Gogh, the mystery of the stars". Rao: the process of reading "strangers in the world: Van Gogh's psychological biography" has become the process of my re understanding of Van Gogh - the title of the book is too appropriate. We only see the lively Van Gogh connected with the world-renowned paintings such as "sunflower" and "brilliant starry sky", But I can't see the lonely Van Gogh in the days and nights of creating sunflower and starry sky. Therefore, even today, when almost everyone knows Van Gogh, he is still a stranger in the world. Lupin tries to understand Van Gogh sympathetically through this special van Gogh biography, and on this basis, we can appreciate Van Gogh's works that startle the world and cry ghosts and gods, so as to obtain a more plump beauty. Indeed, the biography of Van Gogh, which is called "psychobiography" by the author, is almost a new van Gogh. The paper is short and long. Just talk about how lupin interprets Van Gogh in the Arles period, why his painting style suddenly becomes bright from the previous gray, and why the famous "starry sky" gives the viewer a strong sense of dizziness. Rubin believes that Van Gogh has been trying to improve his melancholy and lonely character formed by his mother's neglect or even indifference all his life. Although Arle's sunshine and amorous feelings made him create a warm "sunflower", Van Gogh suffered serious damage to his weak health on the way from his hometown zindert to the Hague, Paris, London, Amsterdam, Brussels, New South and other places to seek paradise in his heart. In addition, he always changed all his brother Theo's subsidies into canvas and paint, and often did not eat enough, resulting in malnutrition, which made Van Gogh suffer from dizziness. Therefore, it is better to say that the brilliant starry sky on the canvas is what Van Gogh saw with his own eyes, but Van Gogh chose to complete the leap from a mentally ill patient to a great painter when the disease struck. Those paintings, which are now sky high in price, record Van Gogh's difficult leap. Today, we are willing to indulge in Van Gogh's dizziness. In fact, we are paying tribute to Van Gogh who broke free from the shackles of disease. Five versions of Duras's "lover's journey": refraction The Book Margaret Duras: the dark room of writing (Huazhong University of science and Technology Press, June 2021) is also out of the shackles of "presenting the biography of the successor". This is a new work by Huang Peng, a professor in the French Department of Nanjing University who has been paying attention to Duras since he studied as a master's student. In her own postscript, there is such a passage: "as far as I know, there are more than a dozen biographies of Duras at home and abroad in France alone, and no less than six have been translated and introduced in China..." This is not surprising. Since the publication of the novel lover, especially the film of the same name adapted from the novel, has been popular all over the world, and everyone has argued about Duras. It's just that the legend of Duras should have been thin because of the writer's deep pickling? "What new materials, new perspectives and new discoveries can I have?" After reading this book, we know that it is Huang Peng's self modesty. In the third section of the first chapter of the book, "lovers", Huang Peng wrote at the beginning: "Duras has created five editions of" lovers "for readers with five texts, including war notes and other texts, dike against the Pacific Ocean, Eden cinema, lover and lover in northern China. The question is, why did Duras write the story of "lover" five times? Huang, who has been immersed in Duras's text world for so many years, really knows the truth. On the 10th anniversary of Duras's death, France published the war notes and other texts, which were compiled from the manuscripts and notebooks she donated during her lifetime. In this book, the man called Leo by Duras is the 1.0 version of "lover": "there is a limousine, wearing a huge diamond ring, wearing a tussah silk suit, speaking French, coming from Paris and being polite." At this time, Leo, who was not identified by Duras, like him in later versions, was infatuated with "a white girl with short stature, flat figure, freckles on her face and two heavy braids behind her". And white girls? "It's not so much that the white girl is attracted by Leo as by his luxury car and the huge family wealth behind it.". Based on the contents of the notebook, the dam against the Pacific Ocean was published in 1950. In this version 2.0 "lover" story, the man has changed his name to Ruo, and the little white girl has the name Susan. Mr. Ruo, who was called "monkey" and "toad" by Susan's family, was still the money bag of Susan and her family. Susan enjoyed the gift Mr. Ruo gave her, but when Mr. Ruo kissed her with his lips, she "seemed to get a slap in the face". In 1979, the publication of Eden cinema marked the birth of version 3.0 "lover". Mr. Ruo is still dressed up and infatuated with white girls, but after 29 years of fermentation by the author, Susan's feedback on this emotion has changed. She has a little less aversion to his kiss. "The prototype of lover has been completed," Huang said. The image of a lover will be plump five years later. As we know, the 4.0 version of "lover" story told in the first person has completely transformed into an ignorant and beautiful love story. With the film "lover" adapted from the novel becoming popular all over the world and the novel "lover" winning the gonggul award, the lover story written in the notebook has been "successful" and can fade from Duras's memory? But Duras, the owner of memory, feels that lover has not finished the "lover" story in his notebook. In 1991, the lover of northern China came out. In the "lover" story in version 5.0, the "lover" not only charmed the white girl, but also charmed his mother and subdued his big brother because of his funny and knowledgeable conversation - from version 1.0 to version 5.0, the "lover"'s clothes and behavior have not changed, but the value judgment projected by Duras has been updated version by version. For a biography, is it necessary to use the work comparison method usually used for work analysis? Huang Peng tells us that behind the update of lover version is Duras's mental process, which corresponds to the changes of world pattern. In 1950, when Duras wrote "the dam against the Pacific Ocean", the international situation could not help Duras to honestly present the appearance of her eyes, especially her lover, and this psychological pressure continued until she wrote "garden of Eden cinema". Duras, who wrote lover, wrote: "she is old, and her memory has changed under the repeated action of intentional or unintentional forgetting and reappearance. Moreover, the scandal doesn't matter to her anymore." This is very true, but it should also be added that by 1984, Duras was no longer afraid to disclose to readers the true face of his lover and his true feelings about his lover. In 1991, when the publication of lover in northern China was published, the "lover" finally recovered her delayed self-confidence and love, and the female writer finally had the courage to express her love story with her lover frankly. Huang Peng, who disdains to pester those superficial Duras legends, guides readers to sneak into Duras's text to understand Duras. Therefore, this Duras biography is shown out of Lin. Taking classical music as the background: Musician biography highlights professionalism It is realized that the author began to increase the weight of professional knowledge related to the inheritor from music in paradise Castle: the biography of Bach (Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House, may 2020). Sir John Eliot Gardner, the author of this book, is an expert in Bach research. Since 1964, he has combined an orchestra dominated by ancient music with like-minded musicians. He has led the orchestra and contributed the best Bach. In this biography, sir Gardner chose the most difficult penetrating technique, that is, to outline Bach's seemingly calm but actually turbulent life by elaborating on the most outstanding works of Bach. More than 300 years ago, the ingenious thoughts buried in Bach's works made it difficult for us to understand today. Sir Gardner is the "bridge builder" who helped us reach Bach. Under his intensive speech, learning to understand Bach's huge number of works is no longer a dangerous way. Another biography of musicians that is similar to the music in the paradise Castle: the biography of Bach is the biography of Wagner (Yilin press, August 2021). Of course, the 800 page biography of Wagner presents Wagner's "holographic image". Thousands of Wagner's colors are written on one side by the author, which makes readers feel that Wagner's life is too dramatic. However, Wagner who plays again must be blessed with the ring of Nibelungen. Moreover, the biographer Ulrich DeLuna, who has a background in music and music theory and once served as a violist in the orchestra, how can such an author be satisfied with reproducing a Wagner who is superficial and lively? Therefore, the backbone of Wagner's biography is Wagner's masterpiece, a set of four operas, the Nibelungen ring. Whether it's the Bayreuth Festival theater that specializes in the "Nibelungen ring" or the grand theaters around the world that occasionally perform the play, how many people can proudly claim that they understand the "Nibelungen ring"? This opera is based on the ancient legend of northern Europe. Not to mention the Chinese audience who don't know much about European culture, even Wagner fans in Europe may not be able to understand it. However, the author of the biography of Wagner has clearly understood the connotation and cultural value of the play. Therefore, half of the biography of Wagner tells readers the correct way to open the opera - this is another book to explore how the originator