From the knot rope chronicle to the Internet, the evolution of media is reducing the cost and difficulty of information dissemination. In the digital age, many knowledge contents are disseminated through short videos, Q & A, live broadcast and other forms, giving the audience the opportunity to learn more valuable information and learn more new knowledge, and stimulating the public's interest in learning and thinking. According to the report previously released by China Internet Network Information Center, at present, the number of Chinese Internet users has reached 1.011 billion, of which 888 million watch short videos and 638 million watch live broadcasts. Internet applications and services have gradually built a new form of information and knowledge dissemination in the digital society. At the same time, fragmentation, homogenization, over commercialization and other information and knowledge have also increased. Experts said that we should promote the standardized development of the media, improve the public's information literacy, knowledge literacy and adaptability to the digital society, and establish the correct values and sense of responsibility of the digital society. The threshold of learning new knowledge is gradually lowered "How was' crab strong 'today?" "Has it been successfully shelled"... During that time, Mr. Yu, a staff member of a company in Guangzhou, always left a message under the short video released by the creator "Sea King Frank" to urge him to update the video. Let's start with a video about crabs. A crab was used to feed the white dog shark. Later, it narrowly escaped, but it lost eight legs and a pair of claws, and a big cut was made in its abdomen. Mr. Yu said, "after watching the video, I knew that, as a crustacean, a crab must shell if it wants to regenerate. This crab is seriously injured and the success rate of shelling is almost zero, but it has a good appetite, which aroused my great interest. Can it create miracles?" Mr. Yu then began to pay attention to the video entitled "the story of crab's strength". He watched the crabs eating barnacles, shrimp meat and fish pieces every day and listened to the creator's explanation of the living habits of crabs. Finally, "crab strong" successfully shelled with tenacious willpower, and all legs and claws grew out, with beautiful patterns. Mr. Yu sighed: "miracles will only come to guys who don't give up. After watching this group of videos, I not only learned a lot of knowledge about marine life, but also more awe of life and more calm in the face of setbacks." Knowledge carries people's yearning and pursuit for a better life. In recent years, with the development of social network platform, the threshold for the public to create knowledge and learn new knowledge has gradually decreased. Vivid, intuitive and easy to understand short videos, interactive Q & A, live reading and other communication forms have become an important channel for knowledge communication. Interactive Q & A also promotes knowledge sharing. Chen Fei, who has just worked in finance, has many questions about the workplace, but she didn't know who to turn to for help before. "As a financial officer, what misconceptions did you find before entering the industry?" "Where is the gap between financial experts and ordinary accountants?" "What are accounting fresh students looking for in their first job?" By chance, Chen Fei found a respondent named "Uncle cat" on the website. Her answers to topics such as finance and workplace made her suddenly enlightened. She made rapid progress in her work. Chen Fei said that uncle cat's answer was grounded, like an industry elder chatting with you. Reading can also be broadcast live. "I want to fly to Mars when I grow up. I also want to drive supersonic trains around the world. Can my dream come true?" In an online live activity to promote the youth book answer, a 7-year-old asked Qian Yonggang, Qian Xuesen's son. Qian Yonggang replied that although these dreams are far away today, with the development of science and technology, it is always possible to realize them. In the highly competitive field of live broadcasting, these modes of live reading, book reading and punch in reading created by the platform in conjunction with media, writers and celebrities have become a new trend of digital reading. "In different periods of Internet development, the organizational logic of knowledge dissemination has progressed from content aggregation to intelligent interconnection, and the presentation form of knowledge has changed from structured 'formal text' to unstructured 'informal text'." Chen Changfeng, executive vice president of the school of Journalism and communication of Tsinghua University, said that from portals and search engines to social network platforms and online encyclopedia, to short videos, Q & A and live broadcasting, the channels and forms of knowledge dissemination are constantly changing, and the audience interaction and participation are getting higher and higher. Knowledge literacy is the basis of information literacy promotion Compared with the traditional mode of obtaining information and knowledge through books and articles, knowledge dissemination in the digital age is showing many new characteristics. The communication content pays attention to interest, popularity and practicability. In the era of mobile Internet, information communication pays attention to short, flat and fast. The corresponding communication content is required to attract the "eyeball" of the audience and stimulate the sense of acquisition and emotional resonance. Qin Yue, head of the business development department of Anhui Publishing Group times publishing media Co., Ltd., is a senior respondent on Zhihu website. He likes to express his feelings, thoughts and accumulation of work in words. In his opinion, the creative process of the article is not complicated, and the key is thinking and accumulation. "It's like seeing something at work, and people's treatment methods are different. There are reasons behind this. Only by expressing these 'dry goods' in popular words, so that people can practice after reading, can they resonate". The subjects of communication are more diverse. From the general public to experts and scholars, and then to professional institutions to join the team of creators, knowledge production is becoming increasingly lean. An senyao is the creator of a short video of popular science knowledge. His popular science content involves geography, history, linguistics, anthropology and other disciplines. His interesting design and popular narration make him have millions of fans on the Internet. The short video has also been moved into the middle school classroom. In his opinion, one advantage of fragmented reading is to stimulate the learning interest of the audience, because the premise of learning systematic knowledge is often some fragmented and interesting things. The form of communication is more novel and interactive. The creator mentioned above, "Frank Haiwang", liked raising fish, shrimp and crabs since childhood and worked as an electrical engineer in a company. He spent his spare time cultivating light water creatures at home and shared the fun of tiktok. Today, he carefully observes animal activities every day. When he encounters problems, he learns about marine life by himself, consults professional books, answers questions raised by netizens and requests for identification of marine life. "A lot of my knowledge comes from practice and discussions with netizens. Only in the process of breeding can I understand the interesting behavior of many animals," he said Of course, any technology is a double-edged sword. With the lowering of the threshold of knowledge creation, some problems are also prominent. Some creators implant advertisements and live broadcast goods in short videos, which greatly reduces the trust of video content; Some creators rely too much on personal life experience and the reliability of knowledge is not strong, while the content produced by some professional institutions is too abstruse and single in form; In order to maintain the "popularity", some creators publish standardized and stylized content, which makes the audience prone to aesthetic fatigue... Especially the teenagers who grow up with the new generation of digital tools, they have great advantages in information technology. At the same time, they also show problems such as weak self-restraint, addicted to the Internet, irresponsible release of network information and so on. Some audiences worry that long-term addiction to the Internet and obtaining information and knowledge through fragmented reading may lead to being trapped in the "information cocoon room", lack of in-depth thinking ability and difficulty in entering a higher-level knowledge system. "When the whole people become communicators, the knowledge and information transmitted by various platforms are mixed and need to be distinguished by the audience. The more developed the media, the more the audience needs to improve their ability to understand and distinguish knowledge and information. This is information literacy." Chen Changfeng said that the popularization of knowledge in the digital age is the basis for improving information literacy, but the improvement of knowledge is not necessarily proportional to the formation of literacy. Only by internalizing knowledge into the ability to understand society and carry out socialized practice can a person's information literacy be truly improved. Be a lifelong learner in the information society One stage has one stage of media, and any influential technological innovation will gradually create a new information and knowledge dissemination environment. When digital technology deeply affects the public spiritual life, can the audience learn effectively in the environment of information and technology? Can we make effective use of information and master basic research methods and learning skills? These are important indicators to measure the level of information literacy. "In short, a person with information literacy is a person who knows how to practice lifelong learning in the information society." Wu Di, a professor at Central China Normal University, said that information literacy has become a necessary thinking and ability for the audience in the digital age. The audience needs to know how to learn in the digital age, the specific organization of knowledge, the way to find and use information, be prepared for lifelong learning, and always find the information needed to make decisions. Some people believe that the development of media in the digital age leads to the audience's lack of deep thinking ability and lifelong learning willingness. Chen Changfeng does not believe that there is an inevitable causal relationship between the two. "The audience needs to acquire enough knowledge through the media and gradually systematize it, so as to have more possibilities of thinking." She suggested that the communication platform should take corresponding responsibilities, carry some fragmented knowledge with systematic design, enhance more people's interest in learning, and open the door of in-depth thinking and in-depth learning. For the audience, we should develop the habit of lifelong learning, have the spirit of studying in the fields of interest, and gradually cultivate the thinking ability based on rigorous reasoning and scientific exploration. "It is urgent to cultivate the information literacy of the audience, especially teenagers." An senyao believes that in addition to knowledge dissemination, professional institutions, platforms and creators should bear corresponding social responsibilities to enable more teenagers to correctly understand the value of information, learn to use information, accumulate knowledge, understand the methodology and values of induction, falsification and research, and cultivate the scientific spirit of seeking truth. "Ten point reading" is a platform to recommend bibliographies and lead the audience to read books. From the WeChat official account to the audio book of audio, and to the WeChat video number, the reading boundary is widened. Yajun, editor in chief of the "ten point reading" platform, said that the platform can carry out layered communication to the audience to meet the differentiated reading needs of readers. As an audience, we should make our own positioning and know what we want, otherwise it is easy to get lost in massive information and stay in shallow reading. Qin Yue believes that in the era of mass creation, the audience should not only be the audience forever, but also strive to participate in it and gradually become the creator and content exporter. This requires the audience to think more, pay attention to accumulation, read more professional books and constantly update their knowledge base, so as to gradually achieve ease in the digital society. (Xinhua News Agency)