It's winter again. For Kang Shunji, who has lived in Shuinan village at the east foot of Changbai Mountains for almost a lifetime, what is more painful than the ice and snow in the northeast is how to be "convenient" in winter. *** In July 2021, the general secretary once again gave important instructions on further promoting the "toilet revolution" in rural areas: whether it is fast or not, resolutely opposed to wasting people and money and putting on airs, and asked to do it year after year, so as to really do this good thing well and practically. "Small toilet, big people's livelihood". The seemingly minor toilet reform actually involves many rural grass-roots work problems. *** New toilets encounter "acclimatization" Before the national promotion, the Northeast lit the "spark" of rural toilet reform. Shuinan village, Shixian Town, Tumen City, which is located in the border area between China and North Korea, is a Korean inhabited village. Few people, old people and poor people used to be the label of Shuinan village. In 2013, the village team decided to develop folk tourism based on national characteristics. Unexpectedly, the traditional dry latrines of every family in the village have become a "stumbling block". The dry toilet can't be removed, and tourists don't want to come. "In the past, my wife fell in the toilet in winter, and my grandson was afraid of the dark and smelly and didn't like to come back to live, let alone tourists." Kang Shunji said. At a villagers' meeting, the village cadres proposed to rebuild the indoor toilet in the whole village. Before the words fell, the villagers "blew the pot open". "The ground Kang of the Korean folk house is connected to the stove. Who is willing to move the toilet into the house?" "When the toilet comes in, don't you have to eat, drink and Lazar together?" "How many generations of people's living habits can you change at a meeting?" …… On one side are the villagers' surging doubts and on the other are the frost like poor days. The village team has discussed it collectively for many times. Finally, several village cadres with independent ideas took the lead and decided to "set a model" with dozens of Villagers - if the pilot is successful, it will be promoted to the whole village. The pilot households first separated the toilet from their own house and installed a toilet. There is no supporting water supply and drainage system in rural areas, so we can only dig wells and sedimentation tanks at home. Therefore, the practical problems come one after another: the pressure is insufficient, the water can not be pumped up, the toilet can not be flushed clean, and it is often clogged and smelly; Sewage seeps into the ground and pollutes domestic water. "Even cooking has a bad smell" The impractical new toilet was rejected by the villagers. Some pilot households simply locked the toilet and used it as a warehouse. You built your water toilet, and I also used my thatched house... The "acclimatized" new toilet made the village cadres "face", but it also made them realize that the rural "toilet revolution" as a long-term systematic project is not simply "moving into the house"; Only by giving full play to the main role of farmers, paying attention to reality and scientific guidance can we obtain the recognition of the masses. To do practical things, we should "seek truth from facts" *** Shuinan village's toilet reform has changed. Soon after, Shuinan village became a demonstration site for toilet reform in rural areas of Tumen City, Yanbian. Tumen City has given two schemes for villagers to choose from: first, the government is the leader, and the specified toilet area of 2 square meters is fully funded by the government; Second, villagers change toilets independently. If they have higher requirements for toilet area and sanitary facilities, the government will give a toilet change subsidy of 2000 yuan per household to meet the acceptance standard. "These measures have increased the autonomy and participation of the masses in changing toilets." Said Gao Mingzhuang, deputy director of Tumen agricultural and rural Bureau. China has a vast territory, great climate differences between the north and the south, uneven distribution of water resources and different economic conditions. Each region has its own difficulties in carrying out the "toilet revolution". In the cold and water shortage rural areas of Northeast China, it is difficult to pass the three passes of water supply, sewage discharge and antifreeze. Tumen City comprehensively promotes the special treatment of rural domestic sewage in combination with the landform and population density of each village - building a relatively complete set of rural water supply and drainage underground pipe network. This project is not "brilliant", and most of the key tasks are "deeply buried underground". Water supply is difficult. The village relies on adjacent reservoirs and electromechanical wells in the village to provide daily water and water toilet water supply; It is difficult to discharge sewage. Tumen City has carried out the overall design of the water supply and drainage pipe network, carried out the diversion, upgrading and transformation of rainwater and sewage in the whole village, and connected the pipe network to the centralized pipe network of Tumen Development Zone; It is difficult to prevent freezing. The drainage pipe is buried 2.2m underground and wrapped with thermal insulation tape. An inspection well is set every 30m. The regulating tank is designed with electric heating device to solve the problems of pipeline freezing damage and daily maintenance in winter; …… In promoting the "toilet revolution", local government cadres "stumbled" and gained experience: first, we should prevent being divorced from reality, acclimatized, second, we should prevent only paying attention to hardware facilities and ignoring the villagers' concept of life, and third, we should prevent "reconstruction and light management". To build a "breakthrough", we should also write a "second half article". "The villagers pour everything into the toilet. We often receive a repair call from the villagers while we are eating." Cui Xueshan, commander of the village militia company, recalled. Today, the story of village cadres "putting down chopsticks to repair the toilet" has become a joke. Shixian town explores the establishment of a professional toilet maintenance team, implements special responsibility for maintenance, management and protection, and timely investigates the hidden dangers of water and drainage. The grass-roots people said that only when the short board of management and protection was made up, the toilet was really changed to the hearts of the masses. Good scriptures should be read on the "hearts of the masses" Today, the transformation rate of indoor sanitary toilets in Shuinan village has reached 100%, and gratifying changes have taken place in people's production and life. The "toilet revolution" has brought more than just toilet convenience. When the reporter visited the house, he found that every family cleaned up the toilet neatly and brightly. "In the past, we didn't care about hygiene when we went to the dry toilet. Since we had the water toilet, we can pay attention to hygiene." Lao song, a villager who has been working for eight years, said that the villagers' concept of life is much different from before. The toilet environment of "small family" has been improved, and the living environment of "everyone" has also been improved. In recent years, Shuinan village has successively implemented livelihood projects such as highway cement embankment project and drinking water safety improvement project. The new Shuinan village has attracted tourists. "The tourism industry is becoming more and more popular. With the indoor toilet, the accommodation fee has increased from 20 yuan to 80 yuan per night, and the villagers engaged in home stay have an additional income of 5000 or 6000 yuan a year." Jin Guoxing, deputy director of Shuinan village committee, said. By the end of 2017, Shuinan village withdrew from the poverty-stricken village sequence through industrial driving and project dividends; By the end of 2020, the collective income of the village will reach more than 900000 yuan, and the per capita income of the villagers will be about 18000 yuan. "With more collective economic income in the village, we have more confidence in the revitalization of the village." Feng Xin, leader of the Rural Revitalization team of Jilin Medical Insurance Bureau in Shuinan village, said. Shuinan village is an epitome of the transformation of rural toilets, which has paved a way for promoting the "toilet revolution" in the cold and water shortage areas of Northeast China. More "Shuinan village" and new toilet improvement experience are on the way. Take Jilin Province as an example. Since 2019, Jilin Province has explored the mode of "water is suitable for water, drought is suitable for drought, and water first" according to the actual situation of Eastern, central and western regions, and comprehensively promoted the transformation of harmless sanitary dry latrines and centralized pipe network agricultural latrines. In June 2021, Jilin Province took the lead in issuing the local standard of technical specifications for the construction of rural household sanitary dry latrines in China, providing technical reference for the transformation of harmless rural household sanitary dry latrines in other arid and alpine regions in China. A few months later, Jilin Province issued the implementation opinions on Solidly Promoting the rural toilet revolution in Jilin Province during the 14th five year plan to escort the solid promotion of toilet reform in rural areas According to the statistics of relevant departments, in 2021, the penetration rate of rural sanitary toilets in China exceeded 70%. Today, Kang Shunji's family also has a new indoor toilet. "You see, now it's not only convenient to sit and take a bath, but also the children are willing to come back from the city." Kang Shunji's family is one of more than 40 million rural households that have completed toilet renovation in recent years. During the "14th five year plan" period, with the deepening of the "toilet revolution", more and more farmers will bid farewell to the "embarrassing toilet" of "mosquito and fly disturbance in summer and slippery and frozen ass in winter", and enjoy the convenience and benefits brought by the innovation of livelihood projects. (Xinhua News Agency)