On January 7, the national library held a press conference to announce that the restoration project of "Tianlu Linlang" in the Qing palace collection, which lasted for eight years, was a complete success and officially concluded. Maybe some people don't know what is "Tianlu Linglang"? It's a book. Is that a book, a set of books or a room of books? Like many Qing palace operas, the story starts with Qianlong. In ancient China, the royal family had a tradition of collecting and sorting books, which reached its peak during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The palace collection of books in this period was not only considerable in quantity, but also superior in quality to the previous dynasty. After all, for the "perfect old man", books have to be kept. Therefore, in the ninth year of his accession to the throne (1744), Qianlong ordered all officials to choose the best of the secret books in the inner house, set up a shelf in the Zhaoren hall in the Forbidden City, and inscribed a plaque "Tianlu Linlang" in the imperial pen, which was hung high in the hall. This is the origin of "Tianlu Linlang". In fact, in the Qing palace, the library is not only Zhaoren hall. There are books in the cabinet Treasury, Wenyuan Pavilion, xuanzao hall, Qianqing palace, Yangxin hall, Wuying hall, map room, strategy hall and so on. The special feature of "Tianlu Linlang" is that Qianlong selected the old books of song, Jin, yuan and Ming Dynasties in various collections and made them into the elite. Since then, in the 40th year of Qianlong (1775), Yu Minzhong, a scholar of the University, and others were ordered to sort out and identify the books collected by "Tianlu Linlang", and compiled ten volumes of the imperial Tianlu Linlang bibliography, recording 429 books. Whether Yongle Dadian or Siku Quanshu, these classics with familiar names have always experienced all kinds of natural and man-made disasters in hundreds of years of history, and "Tianlu Linlang" has not escaped this "law". For ancient books, natural disasters are often fires. In October of the second year of Jiaqing (1797), the fire in Qianqing palace and the supporting hall Zhaoren hall were in ruins. After the fire, the books stored in the hall were also unknown. The destruction of the "Tianlu Linlang" collection was not recorded in the Qing history archives. Until 1925, when the aftercare Committee of the Qing Dynasty counted the Zhaoren hall, there was no description book of the imperial Tianlu Linlang bibliography, so it was speculated that the disaster had burned all the "Tianlu Linlang". After the fire, the Emperor Qianlong ordered the reconstruction of the Qianqing palace. At the same time, Peng Yuanrui, who once led the editor in chief of the imperial Tianlu bibliography, compiled the imperial Tianlu bibliography again. The rare books in the palace were selected again, sorted and collected in Zhaoren hall, still under the name of "Tianlu bibliography". This time, the bibliography was compiled in 20 volumes, which took only 7 months. It was compiled in the summer of the third year of Jiaqing, with a total of 664 rare books. Peng Yuanrui wrote at the end of the book, "the former edition is only engraved in gold outside the song, yuan and Ming Dynasties; the latter edition is complete in the song, Liao, Jin, yuan and Ming Dynasties." Natural disasters are unpredictable, "Tianlu Linlang" can still be reborn, but the danger of modern China makes the fate of ancient books and families as unpredictable. Since the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court began to send the books in the palace that could not be repaired out of the palace, and the bookstores repaired and decorated them instead. During this period, some Palace officials stole from themselves, resulting in the loss of the internal government collection, and began to form a "Royal folk" collection trading market. Many palace collections flowed into the hands of private collectors. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, less than half of the "Tianlu Linlang" in Zhaoren hall had been stored. There were three reasons: first, Puyi was transported out of the palace in the name of reward and accompanying reading; Second, the minister took advantage of Puyi's abdication to steal and exchange; Third, Puyi rewarded the minister. During the puppet Manchukuo period, Puyi sold and discounted dozens of "Tianlu Linlang" books, and the rest were transported to the "Xiaobai building" in Changchun. With poor storage conditions and Puyi's indifference to the collection of books, many books have not taken any moisture-proof and moth proof measures for 14 years, resulting in mildew, decay and deformity. On the eve of Japan's surrender, when Puyi fled Changchun, some of these books were looted by surrounding people, and some of them entered the market again. The remaining books were tossed and turned and finally transported back to the Palace Museum. During the war of resistance against Japan, some of the "Tianlu Linlang" books in the Imperial Palace moved south with other precious cultural relics in the palace. There is no need to repeat the difficulty of the process. After the victory of the war of resistance against Japan, these books were moved to Taiwan. At the beginning of the founding of new China, with the strong support of the government, many lost "Tianlu Linlang" rare books were collected by the public. All 205 "Tianlu Linlang" collected by the palace museum were handed over to the rare book collection department of Beijing Library (the predecessor of the National Library). It was not until the 1950s that the displaced "Tianlu Linlang" finally settled down. Chen Hongyan, deputy curator of the ancient books library of the National Library, introduced that the national library now has 279 "Tianlu Linlang" books, of which the printed books of the song and Yuan Dynasties account for a large proportion, and keeps most of the most precious ancient books in the later edition of the imperial Tianlu Linlang bibliography. Because there are many serious damages in the "Tianlu Linlang" book, it has been kept as an uncoordinated book for a long time. It was not until April to June 2013 that the National Library of ancient books completed the cataloging of the uncoordinated "Tianlu Linlang" ancient books, and conducted a preliminary investigation on the damage of the book in the cataloging. The survey results are shocking: about 10% of the collection of more than 270 and more than 3500 ancient books, that is, more than 300 books, have serious problems such as paper decay, flocculent, adhesion, binding and disassembly. According to the ministerial standards, they are first-class damaged and in urgent need of rescue repair. Although the rare books warehouse of Guotu has good conditions of constant temperature and humidity, the mold, flocculation, adhesion and other paper diseases carried in damaged books will become more and more serious over time. In 2007, the State Council issued the opinions on Further Strengthening the protection of ancient books, and officially implemented the "Chinese ancient book protection plan", which is the first national ancient book protection project presided over by the government in China's history. On June 8, 2013, the former Ministry of culture set up a "national ancient book restoration technology transmission center" in the National Library to carry out ancient book restoration while teaching restoration skills and cultivating ancient book restoration talents in the way of teachers and apprentices. Also in this year, the cataloging and damage investigation of "Tianlu Linlang" in the collection were completed. In August of the same year, the "Tianlu Linlang" restoration project was launched. The process of repair is also the process of cultivating talents. Due to historical reasons, there is a fault in the age of the ancient book restoration personnel of the National Library, which directly spans from the post-60s to the post-80s. Most young people graduate from master's degree and have certain theoretical basis and research ability. Driven by the demonstration of experts with more than 35 years of repair experience, they have mastered relatively comprehensive skills in practice and carried out research at the same time in the face of "top teaching materials" such as "Tianlu Linlang". "Tianlu Linlang" restoration project is another "important task" of the National Library after the "Dunhuang legacy" and "Zhaocheng Gold Collection", which is not only large, but also difficult. The common feature of each book collection is precious. The difference is that "each book has its own merits". The repair scheme can not be generalized. Each book needs to be "personalized" customized. Cui Zhibin, a young restorer of the ancient books library of the National Library, introduced that another remarkable feature of "Tianlu Linlang" is that traces of previous restoration can be seen in most books. Under the guiding principle of "rectifying the old as the old", restorers face a new problem - retaining or removing the remains of these "latecomers"? After repeated discussion, they finally decided to strictly maintain the historical relics and leave objective evidence for future generations for the situation that does not affect the current and even future use quality and preservation life of books. However, there are also some special cases. For example, predecessors used improper methods such as "continuous mending and lining" to repair, resulting in folding, hardening and adhesion of book leaves and papers. This is the case in ancient books such as Bama characters and Mencius pronunciation and meaning. The operation traces of predecessors are not conducive to the protection of ancient books. This repair has been rectified. It is not a rigid copy of the principles of "rectifying the old as the old and minimum intervention", but a specific analysis of specific problems. The goal is to prolong the preservation time of ancient books as far as possible. Eight years later, the restoration of "Tianlu Linlang" has been completed, relevant exhibitions will be held soon, and relevant achievements will be published soon. We don't know how many wars, separations and reunions, and how many generations of preservation and restoration have made these rare ancient books appear in front of us. But as long as today's young people can still feel that they are repairing their own things and communicating with their own culture, there will be endless context. (outlook new era)