On December 27, the Ministry of health and prevention of the United Arab Emirates approved the emergency use license of Sinopharm China's second-generation recombinant protein new crown vaccine. This is also the world's first approved emergency use of the second-generation new crown vaccine. Many people are confused: what is the second generation vaccine? What is more "one" than the second generation and the first generation? After a generation, do you still need a second-generation vaccine? To this end, the reporter of science and technology daily interviewed relevant R & D units. What's the difference between the second-generation vaccine? The second-generation vaccine approved for emergency use this time belongs to protein recombinant vaccine from the technical route. China was approved for emergency use of this kind of vaccine in March this year. "Recombinant protein vaccine is a mature technology, not a new technology." Zhang Yuntao, chief scientist of China biological group, told ScienceDaily daily that the hepatitis B vaccine that a child has been born is the technical route. In vitro, the antigen protein is synthesized to deliver immunity in vivo, and the safety has been verified for decades. Since it is not a new technology, why is it the "second generation"? The first generation of antigen proteins was designed to use part of the virus prototyping strain, such as the critical area of the S protein of the new crown virus. The development of second-generation vaccine is different in antigen design. Li Qiming, the main leader of the R & D team and President of Sinopharm Biotechnology Research Institute, further explained that in view of the new trend of the epidemic of mutant strains, based on the first generation vaccine, the immune escape ability of various mutant sites was comprehensively quantitatively calculated and evaluated by using the computational structural vaccinology Technology platform and molecular simulation and computational modeling methods, The R & D team designed and developed the second generation recombinant new crown vaccine. It is understood that the two generation of immune antigen is not limited to the previous focus of COVID-19 S protein key areas. In other words, the more like the first generation of "imitating the cat and painting the tiger", the better, while the second generation of modeling, analysis, calculation and evaluation means "guessing the charm", so it is more "intelligent" in stimulating antibodies. What's good about the second generation vaccine? Because the immune escape ability of various mutation sites has been comprehensively quantitatively calculated and evaluated from the source of antigen design, the second-generation vaccine is effective for a variety of virus variants. The clinical vaccination effect in UAE showed that the level of neutralizing antibody stimulated by the second generation vaccine was significantly better than that of the control vaccine group. "The second generation vaccine is developed for the mutant strain and adopts a broad-spectrum design." Li Qiming said that from the current data, the sequential vaccination of recombinant vaccine and inactivated vaccine can stimulate the human body to produce higher levels of neutralizing antibodies against prototype strains and major mutant strains. The variation of COVID-19 is often unexpected. Is the two generation vaccine effective for the mutation that has not yet appeared? Li Qiming said that the R & D team is cooperating with the research team of the Chinese people's Procuratorate to conduct broad-spectrum vaccine research by using the pseudovirus system. The relevant results will be published in the form of scientific papers. According to the situation at this stage, it is speculated that it also has a certain protection potential for possible mutants. The first generation vaccine has been given. Do you still need the second generation vaccine? According to the data released at the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council on December 29, China has completed the whole process of vaccination for 1.27413 billion people, accounting for 85.64% of the total population of the country. Many people have completed the vaccination of the first generation vaccine. Then, do you still need the second generation vaccine? It is understood that in the United Arab Emirates, which has approved emergency use, the second-generation vaccine is used as an intensive needle for people who have been vaccinated with two doses of Sinopharm China new biological crown inactivated vaccine. Li Qiming said that from the current data, the vaccination method of "inactivation + Recombination" will greatly improve the immune response level and durability of vaccinators. Recent studies have also shown that the neutralizing antibody titer of heterologous second-generation vaccine group is higher than that of homologous vaccine group; As the "third dose", Sinopharm China biological recombinant protein vaccine was effective against a variety of strains (including Omicron variant), and the neutralizing antibody level was significantly better than that of the control vaccine group. In the face of constantly changing COVID-19, higher neutralizing antibodies will be more conducive to the formation of colony immune barrier. Relevant experts said that the new clinical data and use data will provide strong data support for the global new crown vaccine research and development and vaccination strategy selection. (outlook new era)