The central economic work conference put forward clear requirements for leading cadres at all levels to continuously improve their ability and level of leading economic work and implement the central decision-making and deployment, and stressed the need to understand the people-centered development thought, adhere to the correct concept of political achievements, fear history, culture and ecology, make prudent decisions and use power carefully. For some time, some localities have engaged in destructive "construction" and large-scale relocation and felling of urban trees regardless of the actual situation; In some places, the toilet reform in rural areas is sketchy and superficial, resulting in serious problems in a large number of toilets; Some local pipelines are old and in disrepair, resulting in safety accidents... The root of disorderly decision-making and action lies in the failure to understand the people-centered development thought, do not fear history, culture and ecology, do not make careful decision and use power carefully. How to deeply understand the connotation and requirements of "three awes"? Entering the new development stage, how can leading cadres achieve "three awes"? The reporter interviewed Chen fangliu, vice president and professor of Marxism College of Shanghai municipal Party school. The "three awes" are actually a matter of the concept of power and political achievements. The Communist Party is man-made for justice, upholding righteousness and seeking self-respect. It should be honest, moral and self-respect Reporter: as the old saying goes, "fear is not dare to be reckless, but virtue is successful, and fearlessness is from its desire to disaster." How to understand the significance of emphasizing "reverence for history, culture and ecology"? *** In an important speech at the opening ceremony of the training class for young and middle-aged cadres of the Central Party School (National Academy of administration) in the autumn semester of 2021, it was stressed that "to speak the rules and abide by the bottom line, we must first have a sense of awe. Only when we are afraid, can we speak, discipline and stop our actions. Cadres must know awe, keep fear, abide by the bottom line, fear the party, the people and the law and discipline"; in the Convention on biological diversity In the keynote speech of the leaders' summit of the 15th Conference of the parties, it was pointed out that "we should deeply fear nature, respect, comply with and protect nature, and build an earth home with harmonious coexistence between man and nature"; In an important speech at the meeting celebrating the 95th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, it was pointed out that "leading cadres at all levels should firmly establish a correct concept of power, maintain noble spiritual pursuit, and fear the people, the organization and the law and discipline". Thought is the forerunner of action. Only when Party members and leading cadres are in awe, strict self-discipline and cautious in their words and deeds, will their power not be biased and their behavior not cross the border. "Three awes" is put forward from the perspective that leading cadres should "adhere to the correct view of political achievements". The foothold lies in "prudent decision-making and prudent use of power". In essence, it is a problem of the view of power. Leading cadres are the specific executors of power. To achieve civil rights, we must first deeply understand the profound connotation of "rivers and mountains are the people and the people are rivers and mountains". Looking back on the history of the party over the past century, our party's tasks are different in different historical periods, but the successful experience of successfully completing the objectives and tasks is, in the final analysis, to adhere to and grasp the principle that "rivers and mountains are the people, and the people are rivers and mountains". The party represents the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people, has no special interests of its own, and never represents the interests of any interest group, any power group or any privileged class. This is the fundamental reason why the party is invincible. Party members and cadres come from and represent the people. The power in their hands is the public power entrusted by the party and the people. The purpose is to better practice the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly. "Anyone who is good at fear must have a right body, a rule in his words and a stop in his actions. Occasionally, he exceeds the rules and does not go out of line." *** Only when Party members and leading cadres are in awe and hold the yardstick in hand, can they better exercise their power, ensure that their power serves the people and live up to the great trust of the party and the people. What we Communists want is justice, righteousness and self-respect. We should be honest, moral and self-respect, always put the party and the people in the highest position in our hearts, and be a person who is dedicated to justice, upright and spotless. "Three awes" are based on historical materialism. Awe originates from belief, fear and self-discipline Reporter: what is the specific connotation of "awe"? What is the difference and connection between "awe" and "fear"? Chen fangliu: "awe" is one of the important concepts of Chinese traditional culture. "Respect is necessary for self-cultivation, and knowledge is necessary for learning". Awe is not only a method of self-cultivation, but also a realm of self-cultivation. Confucius once said, "a gentleman has three fears: fear of destiny, fear of adults and fear of the words of saints." Fear is different from fear. Fear is a kind of fear from the heart, and fear is a kind of recognition and persistence from the heart after deep understanding and high approval. Fear because of respect, from respect to fear, fear and then respect, is the unity of respect and fear. The "awe in mind" spoken by the Chinese Communists is not "sitting and talking about the nature of the mind", but emphasizes to reflect it in practice, apply "awe" to the cultivation of the party spirit, and emphasize the cultivation through practice on the basis of historical materialism. Awe comes from faith, based on fear and forced self-discipline. "Three awes" emphasize that we must rest on "prudent decision-making and prudent use of power". Specifically, to fear history is to create political achievements that can stand the test of history in the process of promoting economic development. Taking economic work as an example, awe of history is based on the new development stage, but also to see the long-term trend and follow the economic law. Especially under the background of "China's economic development is facing the triple pressure of demand contraction, supply shock and weakening expectation", it is not affected by the waves of short-term economic indicators, and does not unilaterally pursue GDP to create some false political achievements of rapid development. The times are the examiners, we are the respondents, and the people are the examiners. To stand the test of history is fundamentally to stand the test of the people. "All things are born, but only know and keep their roots". It is precisely because of this sense of roots that Chinese civilization continues to this day. *** Awe of culture is to inherit and carry forward the excellent Chinese traditional culture in the process of promoting economic development. In the new development stage, we should especially protect the material and intangible cultural heritage. *** *** In particular, the scientific conclusion that "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains" enlightens us that ecological environment protection and economic development are dialectically unified and complementary. Awe of ecology means respecting, conforming to and protecting nature in the process of promoting economic development. Green development is one of the five new development concepts. It is not only the internal requirement of promoting high-quality development, but also the fundamental plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. We should not separate economic development from ecological and environmental protection, let alone oppose it. We should adhere to protection in development and development in protection. Leading cadres should strengthen the study of economic knowledge and scientific and technological knowledge, and comprehensively consider political and economic, reality and history, material and cultural factors Reporter: as the saying goes, ignorance and fearlessness, what is the relationship between "three awes" and learning knowledge? *** Reviewing the party's hundred years of struggle, from proposing "to turn the whole party into a big school" to emphasizing "we must learn what we don't understand"; From calling for "being good at learning and being good at relearning" to requiring "we must vigorously promote the wind of learning and adhere to learning, learning and relearning", our party has always improved its ability through learning, adapted to changes, mastered the initiative and created a new situation for career development. *** It has created great achievements in socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Leading cadres are the backbone of the party's cause. It is our party's fine tradition and valuable experience to pay close attention to the study of leading cadres. For leading cadres, learning is not only a personal hobby, but also a responsibility they must shoulder. Leading cadres do not love learning and are doomed to go far. While emphasizing the "three awes", the central economic work conference also stressed that "leading cadres should strengthen the study of economic knowledge and scientific and technological knowledge". In today's era, the cycle of knowledge renewal is greatly shortened, and all kinds of new knowledge, new situations and new things emerge one after another. If Party members and leading cadres do not strive to improve their knowledge literacy in all aspects, do not consciously learn all kinds of scientific and cultural knowledge, and do not take the initiative to speed up the renewal of knowledge, optimize the knowledge structure and broaden their horizons and horizons, it will be difficult to enhance their skills, and there will be no way to win the initiative, advantages and future. To achieve the "three reverences", make prudent decisions and use power carefully. On the basis of full learning, we should comprehensively consider various factors such as politics and economy, reality and history, material and culture, development and people's livelihood, resources and ecology, domestic and international, strengthen investigation and research, resolutely prevent simplification and disorderly behavior, and resolutely oppose inaction. The "three awes" should ultimately be reflected in the practical actions of implementing the party's line, principles and policies, promoting high-quality development, and sharing worries for the party, performing duties for the country and contributing to the people Reporter: what is the practical significance of emphasizing the "three awes" in the new development stage? How can leading cadres achieve "three awes"? Chen fangliu: the 20th CPC National Congress will be held next year, which is a major event in the political life of the party and the country. We must maintain a stable and healthy economic environment, a peaceful social environment for the country and the people, and a clean and positive political environment. The "three awes" should finally be implemented in action, in the practical action of implementing the party's line, principles and policies, in the practical action of promoting high-quality development, and in the practical action of sharing worries for the party, performing duties for the country and contributing to the people. Continuously improve political judgment, political understanding and political execution. Political initiative is the most advantageous initiative. Party members and leading cadres must improve their political judgment, regard national political security as the greatest, regard the people as the most important, and adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics as the foundation