The winter solstice is coming, and this winter is about to enter a colder season. The winter solstice is the day with the longest night and the shortest day in the northern hemisphere. It is also the day when the sun begins to "turn back". After the winter solstice, the days in the northern hemisphere begin to grow gradually, but this does not mean that the weather gets warmer. How to keep healthy in accordance with the time of the day, keep the body in a good state, and take advantage of tonic to lay a good foundation for the new year. This journal interviewed Shen Yi, deputy director of internal medicine of Beijing Tongrentang traditional Chinese medicine hospital, and Gao Wei, President of Beijing folk custom society, to talk about health knowledge and tonic culture in winter. Nourishing Tibet and tonic in winter also need syndrome differentiation and treatment According to the Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic, "in winter and March, this is called closed Tibet. The water and ice crack without disturbing the sun. If you lie down early and get up late, you must wait for the sun, so that your mind can be hidden. If you have private intention, if you have already got it, you can get rid of the cold and warm your skin without releasing your skin, so that you can seize the Qi urgently. This is the response of winter Qi and the way to raise Tibet." Winter March refers to the days from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring. It is cold and cold. You need to keep warm to prevent cold evil from entering the body and damaging Yang. In terms of work and rest, try to go to bed early and get up late. It's best to go out when the sun comes out. Staying up late is a big taboo for health preservation in winter. Traditional Chinese medicine says "Nourishing Yin in autumn and winter". If you hurt Yin essence in the season that should nourish yin, it will cause great losses to the body. Shen Yi said that in winter, patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension and kidney disease especially need to pay attention to their health. For example, patients with hypertension are prone to fluctuations in blood pressure when they are cold, and patients with kidney disease are prone to edema in winter. They should increase the number of measurement indicators to observe whether their bodies have changed. Winter is a good time for nourishing. You can use the correct tonic methods to keep your body refreshed. However, it is worth noting that for people with different physique, the methods of tonic in winter are also different. It is necessary to follow the doctor's advice and choose the appropriate tonic method on the basis of syndrome differentiation and treatment. According to Shen Yi's analysis, people with cold constitution are afraid of cold and cold hands and feet. Eating cold food is easy to stomach pain and diarrhea. This kind of people should be warmed up, while people with hot constitution often sweat on the center of their hands and feet in cold days, that is, the state of "deficiency without compensation". This kind of people need to be cleaned up. It is suggested to start with food tonic. If the body loses a lot and the balance of yin and Yang has been broken, then use medicine tonic. When it comes to tonic in winter, many people, especially female friends, like to eat donkey hide gelatin. Donkey hide gelatin has the function of nourishing yin and blood, which is mentioned in the ancient medical works Shennong herbal classic and treatise on febrile diseases. According to the composition, donkey hide gelatin can be divided into clear water glue and drug glue. The donkey hide gelatin with a single component is called clear water glue, and the compound donkey hide gelatin added with a variety of traditional Chinese medicine is drug glue. Shen Yi introduced that Qingshui gum is often added to traditional Chinese medicine decoction for treating deficiency syndrome as decoction pieces. For example, Huanglian donkey hide gelatin decoction, a famous prescription from treatise on febrile diseases, has the function of calming the mind and is used to treat restlessness. The medicine glue itself is a compound and can be used directly. For example, Yongsheng he donkey hide gelatin of Tongrentang has 14 traditional Chinese medicines in addition to donkey skin, which can be combined into many famous TCM prescriptions, including "Siwu Decoction" for nourishing yin and blood, "Danggui Buxue Decoction" for tonifying qi and blood, "Erchen decoction" for opening the tonifying channel, etc. Gum is a kind of nourishing traditional Chinese medicine, including donkey hide gelatin, antler glue, tortoise shell glue, turtle shell glue, cowhide glue and so on. However, it should be noted that adhesives are also distinguished according to their properties. For example, antler gum is warm and suitable for warming and tonic, while tortoise shell gum and turtle shell gum are cold and suitable for tonic. The famous Chinese medicine prescription "tortoise deer Erxian gum" is a combination of tortoise shell gum and antler, which can supplement qi and blood. Conform to the season, nourish the body and place emotion Winter nourishing is not only a promotion of human health, but also a kind of exploration and expression of health culture. Gao Wei said that in ancient folk, there has always been a saying that the winter solstice is as big as a year, which shows that people pay attention to the winter solstice in the 24 solar terms. After the winter solstice, the days begin to grow, and people are increasingly full of hope for the coming year. On the winter solstice, there is a custom of eating dumplings in the north. It is said that when Zhang Zhongjing, a famous ancient doctor, returned home in his old age, he met the displaced people. His clothes were naked and his ears were frozen. He couldn't bear it. He set up a medical shed and made dumplings with mutton, pepper and cold expelling herbs, which cured the people's ears. Later, there was a saying that "the dumpling bowl at the winter solstice is improper, and no one cares if his ears are frozen off". There is also a folk custom of eating wonton on the winter solstice, which means "chaos begins" and expresses a hope. In the southern areas of Guangdong and Fujian, there is a custom of eating dumplings during the winter solstice, representing reunion. It is said that in ancient times, a young man went to Beijing for the exam and didn't return for a long time. His mother went out to find her son. When the young man returned home, he found that his mother was not there and went to find his mother again. He pasted the dumplings on the tree in the hope that his mother could go home when she saw the dumplings. Gao Wei said that tonic culture is not only people's compliance with the season and strengthening their bodies through tonic, but also emotional comfort, the expectation of family reunion, and the praise of the spirit of respecting the elderly and mutual assistance. Winter consumes a lot of physical energy. Dietary supplement can supplement energy for the human body and prepare for hair growth in the coming spring. Beijingers are used to eating instant boiled mutton, sauce beef and stewed beef on the coldest days in winter. Beef and mutton are rich in protein and calories, which can help people resist the cold. Tonic with the same origin of medicine and food is also very common among the people. For example, stewing chicken soup with medlar, lily, jujube and other ingredients and making ribs are good winter health recipes. Activity forecast Exploring winter nourishing culture in health preservation lecture hall At the beginning of this year, the interactive live broadcast column of "health preservation lecture hall" planned by Beijing Evening News Health weekly officially opened. In combination with the special time nodes such as 24 solar terms, health days and traditional festivals, we will invite the doctors of the third class hospitals, well-known health experts, scholars in the field of health and other guests to help us understand the knowledge of common disease prevention and control, distinguish the misunderstandings that will affect our health and develop good living habits through simple and understandable popular science methods and real case stories. More than ten sessions have been held in the health preservation lecture hall so far. In the autumn and winter of this year, science popularization lectures on the topics of "prevention and treatment of common diseases in children in autumn", "paying attention to digestive tract health", "tonic guide in autumn and winter" and "prevention of cold in winter" have been successively launched, which has attracted the attention and love of the people. The Popular Science Lecture of "health preservation lecture hall · exploring winter nourishing culture" will begin on the day of winter solstice. Shen Yi, deputy chief physician of internal medicine of Beijing Tongrentang Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Tian Weina, postdoctoral fellow of the Institute of food and biological resources engineering of Peking University and registered dietitian of China Nutrition Society, and Zhou Jiawang, director of the editorial department of Beijing Evening News, will be a guest in the live broadcasting room to explore the ways of tonifying in winter from different perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine, modern nutrition and tonic culture. (outlook new era)