Democracy in China (December 2021) The People's Republic of China Information Office of the State Council catalogue preface 1、 The Communist Party of China leads the people to realize the whole process of people's democracy 2、 Scientific and effective institutional arrangements （1） The state system of implementing the people's democratic dictatorship （2） A regime that implements the system of people's congresses （3） Adhere to and improve the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China （4） Consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic united front （5） Adhere to and improve the system of Regional National Autonomy （6） We will uphold and improve the system of grassroots mass autonomy 3、 Democratic practice with concrete reality （1） Democratic election （2） Democratic consultation （3） Democratic decision-making （4） Democratic management （5） Democratic supervision 4、 Broad, true and effective democracy （1） People enjoy broad rights （2） The people's democratic participation has been expanding （3） Efficient national governance （4） Social harmony and stability （5） The use of power has been effectively restricted and supervised 5、 Enrich the form of human political civilization （1） Explore a new path for the development of human democratic cause （2） Take the path of democratic development in line with national conditions （3） Promoting the democratization of international relations （4） Strengthen civilized exchanges and mutual learning Conclusion preface Democracy is the common value of all mankind and an important concept unswervingly adhered to by the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. 100 years ago, once the Communist Party of China was born, it established seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation as its original heart and mission, and made unremitting exploration and struggle to realize the people's ownership of the country. Over the past 100 years, the party has held high the banner of people's democracy and led the people to become the masters of the country in a country with thousands of years of feudal history and a semi colonial and semi feudal society in modern times. The Chinese people have truly become the masters of the country, society and their own destiny. China's democracy is people's democracy, and people's ownership is the essence and core of China's democracy. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the party has deepened its understanding of the development law of China's democratic politics, put forward and vigorously promoted the major concept of people's democracy in the whole process, and further transformed democratic values and concepts into scientific and effective institutional arrangements and specific and realistic democratic practice. People's democracy in the whole process has realized the unity of process democracy and result democracy, procedural democracy and substantive democracy, direct democracy and indirect democracy, people's democracy and national will. It is a democracy of the whole chain, all directions and all coverage, and the most extensive, real and effective socialist democracy. Democracy is historical, specific and developing. Democracy in all countries is rooted in their own historical and cultural traditions and grows up in the practical exploration and intellectual creation of their own people. Democracy has different paths and forms. Whether a country's political system is democratic and effective depends mainly on whether the national leadership can be replaced in an orderly manner according to law, whether all the people can manage state and social affairs and economic and cultural undertakings according to law, whether the people can express their interests smoothly, whether all sectors of society can effectively participate in national political life, and whether national decision-making can be scientific and democratic, Whether all talents can enter the national leadership and management system through fair competition, whether the ruling party can achieve leadership over national affairs in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and laws, and whether the use of power can be effectively restricted and supervised. Democracy is not an ornament, not a decoration, but to solve the problems that the people need to solve. Whether a country is democratic or not depends on whether the people are truly masters of the country. It depends not only on whether the people have the right to vote, but also on whether the people have the right to participate widely; It depends on what verbal promises the people have received during the election process, but also on how much these promises have been realized after the election; It depends on what kind of political procedures and rules are stipulated by the system and law, and it also depends on whether these systems and laws are really implemented; We should see whether the rules and procedures for the operation of power are democratic, but also whether power is really supervised and restricted by the people. Democracy is the right of all peoples, not the patent of a few countries. Whether a country is democratic or not should be judged by the people of the country, not by a few people outside. Whether a country in the international community is democratic or not should be judged by the international community, not by a small number of self righteous countries. There are many ways to achieve democracy, and it is impossible to follow the same pattern. It is undemocratic to use a single yardstick to measure the world's rich and colorful political systems and to examine the colorful political civilization of mankind from a monotonous perspective. Democracy is diverse and the world is colorful. In the hundred flower garden of world civilization, China's flower of democracy blooms brilliantly. China is willing to exchange and learn from each other and work together with other countries to contribute wisdom and strength to the development and progress of human political civilization. 1、 The Communist Party of China leads the people to realize the whole process of people's democracy The Chinese nation has a long history, diligence and wisdom, and has created a brilliant political civilization. In the long history of more than 5000 years, the people-oriented thought explored and formed by the Chinese people contains rich democratic factors and reflects the Chinese people's simple cognition and unremitting pursuit of democracy. However, under the feudal autocracy, the working people were always at the bottom of the oppressed and exploited. After modern times, China has gradually become a semi colonial and semi feudal society. The country will collapse, the nation will perish, and the people have no democracy at all. In order to save the nation from subjugation and survive, the Chinese people rose up, various revolutionary changes rose one after another, and various national salvation schemes were introduced in turn, but they failed. After the revolution of 1911, China's attempts to imitate western political system models such as parliamentary system, multi-party system and presidential system ended in failure. The rise of the new culture movement with "democracy" and "science" as the basic slogans, the victory of the October Revolution in Russia, the outbreak of the May 4th movement, and the spread of Marxism in China have promoted the great awakening of the Chinese people. Chinese advanced elements have a more profound thinking and new understanding of democracy. In 1921, the founding of the Communist Party of China lit up the light of China's democracy. During the period of the new democratic revolution, the Party led the people in waging arduous struggles for democracy and resisting oppression and exploitation, won the victory of the new democratic revolution, established new China, and realized China's great leap from thousands of years of feudal autocracy to people's democracy. The Chinese people have stood up and China's democratic development has entered a new era, The people are the masters of the country, from dream to reality. During the period of socialist revolution and construction, the Party led the people to establish and consolidate state power, carry out socialist transformation of the means of production, formulate and promulgate the first constitution of new China, establish the system of people's congresses, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China, the system of regional national autonomy, and the political structure, economic foundation, legal principles of people's ownership The institutional framework has been basically established and continuously developed, and China's democracy building stands tall. In the new period of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, the party leads the people to unswervingly promote the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law, adhere to the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the organic unity of the party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country and ruling the country according to law, actively and steadily push forward the reform of the political system, consolidate and develop the people's Congress system, We will further improve the basic political systems such as the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of regional ethnic autonomy and the system of grass-roots mass autonomy, and make the political system guarantee and social material foundation for democratic development more solid. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. *** China's democratic development has entered a new historical period. We will uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership, deepen the reform of the party and state institutions, and further strengthen the party's leadership over the development of people's democracy throughout the process. We will modernize the country's governance system and capacity, establish and adhere to the fundamental, basic and important systems of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and improve the system of people being masters of the country. We will comprehensively promote democratic elections, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision, and work together to promote electoral democracy and deliberative democracy. The people's Orderly Political Participation in accordance with the law continues to expand, and the people's democratic life is rich and colorful. The whole process of people's democracy has better reflected the people's ownership of the country in the country's political and social life. The superiority of the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics has been better brought into play, the political situation of liveliness, stability and unity has been consolidated and developed, and the great strength of the Chinese people in the struggle for a new era has been inspired and condensed. The party has united novel coronavirus pneumonia, has achieved great strategic results in fighting against the new crown pneumonia epidemic situation, solved the problem of absolute poverty historically, built a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, solved a series of major risks, opened up a new course of building a modern socialist country and made progress towards the common prosperity of all the people. The Chinese people are more confident in democracy, and China's road to democracy is wider and wider. The whole process of people's democracy is the great creation of the Communist Party of China in uniting and leading the people to pursue democracy, develop democracy and realize democracy. It is the experience crystallization of the party's continuous promotion of China's democratic theoretical innovation, system innovation and practical innovation. The struggle history of the Communist Party of China is the struggle history of uniting and leading the people to explore, form and develop people's democracy in the whole process. The whole process of people's democracy is the inevitable result of the historical logic, theoretical logic and practical logic of the party's unity and leading the people to struggle for a long time since modern times. It is also the inevitable requirement of adhering to the party's essential attribute and practicing the party's fundamental purpose. The whole process of people's democracy fully demonstrates the nature of a socialist country and the people's dominant position, so as to better reflect the people's will, better protect the people's rights and interests and further stimulate the people's creative vitality. The whole process of people's democracy is formed and developed in the unremitting struggle of the party to lead the people in striving for national independence, people's liberation, national prosperity and people's happiness. It is rooted in the vast land of China, sucking the cultural nutrients accumulated by the Chinese nation's long struggle, learning from the excellent achievements of human civilization, which is in line with China's national conditions and won the heartfelt support of the people, It has a profound practical foundation and broad development prospects. The whole process of people's democracy has complete systems and procedures and complete participation practice, which has better combined the two important forms of Democracy: electoral democracy and consultative democracy, built a democratic system covering more than 9.6 million square kilometers, more than 1.4 billion people and 56 nationalities, and realized the broad and continuous participation of the overwhelming majority of the people. The whole process of people's democracy not only has distinct Chinese characteristics, but also reflects the common values of all mankind, and has contributed Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to the enrichment and development of human political civilization. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the fundamental guarantee of people's democracy in the whole process of China's development. In a big country like China,