Expert interpretation of the eighth five year plan for the national education system to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law What is the purpose of increasing the proportion of rule of law knowledge in the college entrance examination Recently, the Ministry of Education issued the eighth five year plan for the national education system to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law (2021-2025), which proposed to give full play to the role of classroom teaching as the main channel, promote the proportion of rule of law education class hours, and appropriately increase the proportion of rule of law knowledge in high school entrance examination and college entrance examination. In the rule of law education for teenagers, how can we give full play to the role of the main channel of classroom teaching, what problems need to be solved, and how can we achieve standardization and normalization? Focusing on these issues, the reporter of the rule of law daily interviewed yuan Zhijie, vice president of the Law School of Beijing Normal University and deputy director of the rule of law and Education Research Center, Qin Shuo, head of the juvenile court of Beijing Haidian District People's court, and Wang Yunhui, associate researcher of Henan Academy of social sciences. Not included in the national education system, lack of teachers and teaching materials in case of absence Reporter: the Ministry of education has issued the eighth five year plan for the national education system to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law. Why does it propose that teenagers' rule of law education should give full play to the role of the main channel of classroom teaching? Yuan Zhijie: in recent years, legal education in primary and secondary schools has made great progress, but there are still some deficiencies. On the one hand, the effectiveness of youth legal education is not significant; On the other hand, according to the white paper on juvenile procuratorial work (2014-2019) issued by the Supreme People's Procuratorate last year, the number of juvenile crimes began to increase since 2017, putting forward higher requirements for youth legal education. It is worth noting that in China, young people's parents rarely take law education seriously. Law education is difficult to compare with art and talent education. Therefore, it is not realistic to promote law education through extracurricular education. In this context, it is undoubtedly worth affirming to strengthen the role of the main channel of subject teaching. Wang Yunhui: as early as the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the Central Committee proposed to "integrate legal education into the national education system, start with teenagers and set up legal knowledge courses in primary and secondary schools". At the end of last year and the beginning of this year, the central government successively issued the plan for the construction of China under the rule of law (2020-2025) and the implementation outline for the construction of a society under the rule of law (2020-2025), all of which put forward requirements for strengthening youth's legal education. At the same time, in recent years, juvenile delinquency has become a problem that must be faced up to and urgently solved. Strengthening juvenile legal education, especially classroom education, is naturally valued and put on the agenda. Reporter: at present, what problems need to be solved in China's Youth Legal Education in giving full play to the role of the main channel of classroom teaching? Yuan Zhijie: there are three main difficulties in legal education in primary and secondary schools. First, there is a shortage of teachers. After all, legal education has certain requirements for professionalism. The courses of "morality and the rule of law" in primary and secondary schools are traditionally taught by teachers who teach ideological and moral courses. These teachers basically have no major and have studied law, so they are difficult to be competent. Second, there is a lack of legal books suitable for primary and secondary school students. In order to solve this problem, my colleagues and I cooperated to form a team of Dr. Lu Dou and created the picture book of children's rule of law education in justice Island, which was officially published in 2018, trying to fill the gap in this field. Later, we created the constitution of primary school and the comics of different civil codes, but there are still too few such books on the market. Third, the rule of law education has not attracted enough attention. Neither schools nor parents fully understand the significance of rule of law education. Whether it is the construction of a country under the rule of law, a government under the rule of law or a society under the rule of law, they are all based on the construction of citizens under the rule of law. Lack of citizens with awareness of the rule of law, the rule of law is a tree without roots. Qin Shuo: at present, the biggest problem is that legal education has not been incorporated into subject education and national education system. Teachers' lack of legal education ability is also one of the problems. Although front-line teachers have rich teaching experience, they are lack of mastery of legal theory, legal knowledge and application ability. It is difficult for students to truly understand the law, make flexible use of the law and form legal thinking through simple textbook teaching. Wang Yunhui: how to realize special courses, special teaching materials and professional teachers in the classroom education of the rule of law are the difficulties we are facing at present. For example, setting up a special-time course is bound to reduce the time of other courses. How to separate from the original moral education course or ideological and political course and weigh it with other traditional disciplines is a problem to be considered. Special teaching materials must be compiled according to different ages' cognition and acceptance of the rule of law. It is more important to open up a good course of rule of law, and the education of rule of law consciousness is more important Reporter: among the specific measures, why has "appropriately increasing the proportion of legal knowledge in the middle school entrance examination and college entrance examination" attracted social attention? Yuan Zhijie: the fundamental reason why schools and parents don't pay attention to legal education is that they don't understand the internal significance of legal education, but there are also formal reasons, that is, exam oriented education. As long as they don't take the exam, schools don't pay attention to it and parents don't care. Therefore, appropriately increasing the proportion of rule of law knowledge in the middle school entrance examination and college entrance examination will inevitably strengthen the attention of the whole society to rule of law education. However, the rule of law education is not a simple knowledge infusion, but to guide students to understand the core concept of the rule of law. For example, the awareness of abiding by rules, the awareness of basic rights, etc. The real rule of law education must be the popularization of rule of law awareness education, not the rule of law knowledge education. Qin Shuo: this clear and specific guiding policy can not only arouse the attention of schools, parents and students at different levels to the rule of law education, but also comprehensively improve the attention of schools to class hour setting and content arrangement in classroom teaching. At the same time of CO education at home and school, students can also have enough time to learn legal knowledge, just like learning physics, chemistry and history, and turn mastering legal knowledge into "child skill". Wang Yunhui: if teachers only pay attention to teaching the knowledge points of the high school entrance examination and students memorize them for high scores, it will be difficult for teenagers to absorb the spirit of the rule of law and establish their belief in the rule of law. Therefore, we should pay attention to the implementation of this provision through teaching and learning and a reasonable and scientific evaluation system, play an effective role, and cultivate students' law-abiding consciousness and usage ability. Reporter: how to implement "giving full play to the role of the main channel of classroom teaching" and promote the standardization and normalization of Youth Legal Education? Qin Shuo: we need the education administrative department and the school to improve the system and formulate plans to bring the Youth Legal Education into the national education system. For example, compile special teaching materials for law education, formulate teaching contents suitable for students' learning and combined with real life in combination with different fields such as law, pedagogy, psychology and sociology, promote the full opening of law education courses in colleges, universities and primary schools, and promote the standardization and normalization of Youth Law education. In the teaching process, front-line workers with juvenile justice experience are introduced for case teaching to improve students' interest in law education and their ability to understand legal knowledge. At the same time, in order to let students enter the real legal environment, schools or education commissions can link with judicial organs, establish more legal education bases, and regularly carry out legal practice activities, so that students can experience the exercise of citizens' rights and obligations and the process of national legal construction. Yuan Zhijie: first of all, we should comprehensively improve the quality of classroom teaching and teachers' knowledge of the rule of law. Through the national training program for the rule of law and other projects, we have comprehensively trained all moral and rule of law teachers in the country. Secondly, we should fully implement the vice president system under the rule of law and let the school leadership pay more attention to it. If schools have no awareness of the rule of law, it is difficult to promote the rule of law education. Primary and secondary schools should promote classroom teaching by purchasing social services. Finally, youth legal education is a long-term undertaking, which also requires the full participation of major law schools, and has the obligation to send more teachers with solid legal knowledge to primary and secondary schools. (reporter Chen Lei) (outlook new era)