● in recent years, under the background of vigorously advocating energy conservation and loss reduction, low-carbon economy and reducing repeated decoration and secondary decoration, the proportion of hardbound houses in the real estate market is increasing, followed by poor decoration quality, water seepage, excessive formaldehyde and other problems ● many times, hardcover repair has become a means for developers to bypass the price limit and seek high profits. Many buildings are hardbound for price rise, and the decoration standards are exaggerated and shoddy, which directly leads to the increase of disputes over house collection and rights protection ● before issuing the pre-sale permit, the housing and urban rural development department will require the developer to promise the decoration standard or value in the pre-sale scheme. If the development enterprise violates the decoration commitment of the pre-sale scheme and seriously reduces the decoration standard, it will be punished accordingly ● at the beginning of sales of the hardbound house, the developer shall make a list of decoration standards, provide the brand, origin, specification, level and quantity of the main materials and equipment for house interior decoration after delivery, and preserve the image evidence of the model house in the regulatory department to protect the rights and interests of the buyer from the source Some time ago, Chen Xingxing (a pseudonym), a man from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, came home after a day's work and was ready to cook a good meal to reward himself. As soon as he entered the kitchen, he was startled by the scene in front of him: the wall above the kitchen was leaking, the wall was peeling and broken, and debris was scattered on the ground. Since moving into this new home two years ago, Chen Xingxing has felt that he has not stopped - there is a large area of water leakage in the kitchen and bathroom, and the wall cracks and peels, seriously affecting the quality of life. Refined decoration has become "amazing decoration". Chen Xingxing is not the only one who has this experience. In recent years, under the background of vigorously advocating energy conservation and loss reduction, low-carbon economy and reducing repeated decoration and secondary decoration, the proportion of hardbound houses in the real estate market is becoming larger and larger, followed by problems such as poor decoration quality, water seepage and excessive formaldehyde. Why did the hardbound house, which was originally bought to save worry and pursue a high-quality life, become the source of trouble? How to ensure the quality of fine decoration? How to protect rights according to law when there are problems? With these questions, the reporter of the rule of law daily conducted an investigation and interview. The warranty period promised is five years Less than a year, the water leakage is serious In 2002, the former Ministry of Construction promulgated the detailed rules for the implementation of commercial housing decoration in place at one time, and hardbound houses began to be put on the market. In 2017, the 13th five year plan for the development of the construction industry made it clear that by 2020, the area of newly started fully decorated residential buildings will reach 30%. Nowadays, in many big cities, fine decoration has become the standard configuration of new houses. "One stop decoration, high cost performance, zero additional items, long warranty period, multiple acceptance", "use environmental protection materials, you can check in after delivery"... In real estate sales advertisements, developers often write a special book on fine decoration. It was because of this that Chen Xingxing decided to buy this fine decoration house developed by a well-known developer in Xi'an. He recalled to reporters that before the subscription, the sales staff of the sales department specially took him to see the model house. "The decoration of the model room is particularly exquisite. Whether it's the color matching of the walls or the layout design, it looks very comfortable. My family and I like it very much." Chen Xingxing's memory is still fresh. At that time, the developer said that the decoration cost was 1000 yuan / square meter, which was cheaper than inviting someone to decorate. He is not without worries and doubts: can the price of 1000 yuan / m2 achieve the decoration effect claimed by the developer? The sales staff eliminated their concerns. The sales staff said that because the developers have their own purchase channels for decoration materials and large-scale procurement, the price will naturally be much lower; The developer promises that the warranty period of fine decoration is 5 years, and the warranty period is also indicated in the house purchase contract. I didn't expect that the trouble came before I checked in for less than a year. "At first, there was water seepage in the bathroom wall. As long as I took a bath, there would be water leakage. Later, I asked upstairs and downstairs and found that everyone had these problems, and it was the same wall," Chen Xingxing said. Later, the kitchen began to leak. "As soon as it rains, the kitchen roof begins to drip down, flowing down the natural gas pipeline to the stove, and sometimes you can't even cook dinner." Chen Xingxing said, finding out the previous kitchen leakage video on his mobile phone to show the reporter, "the dripping sound is very loud, especially in the dead of night, people can't sleep well". "Since last year, I and other owners have repeatedly reported the water leakage problem of the house to the community property and asked for maintenance. After the property sent someone to check, it came to the conclusion that 'the outer wall is not waterproof'. After waiting for more than a year, the problem has not been solved yet." Chen Xingxing told reporters that because the community property is owned by the developer, he also specially complained to the headquarters, The reply was that it needed further verification, and then there was no news. All kinds of chaos exist for a long time Many problems and difficult to find Reporters meet the eye everywhere, and even make complaints about the decoration. In 2020, the owners complained about two hardbound buildings in front of poly in Nanning, Guangxi: no tiles were pasted under the shoe cabinets and cabinets, some water pipes were rusted, and the wooden floor was loose... Although the owners reported to the developers for many times, they failed to solve the problem. Chongqing Vanke Yulan Road phase III is a hardbound house, which will be delivered successively in October 2020. Many owners reflect that the ceiling of the house toilet has serious water seepage, just like the "water curtain hole"; It was found that the quality of water pipes and waterproof materials was very poor, and the size of floor drains and pipes could not be matched. Liu Ji (a pseudonym) of Zhumadian, Henan Province has a deep understanding of how "amazing" fine decoration is. In 2018, he bought a new house in the local area. Less than a year and a half after staying, the floor had cracked in a large area. But he had to find a decoration team to repair it. After removing the floor, the water pipes and wires below were laid in a mess and the materials used were of poor quality, which made him "surprised" in a cold sweat. For Tang Yu, the design director of a design company in Hunan, all kinds of fine decoration chaos have long been strange. He told reporters that although the owners will inspect the house first when they close the house, it depends on the general situation, such as whether there is water leakage, whether the doors and windows can be closed, etc. as for the decoration details, materials, water and electricity layout, environmental protection coefficient and other issues, ordinary people can't see it. He said that formaldehyde exceeding the standard and environmental protection coefficient not meeting the standard are also common problems in hardbound houses. The main sources of formaldehyde are home decoration paint, latex paint and wood products. Generally, home decoration will choose decoration materials with environmental protection marks such as E0 and E1, and latex paint will also choose types with less formaldehyde emission. However, in order to save costs, some developers may choose inferior materials, which is easy to exceed the standard of formaldehyde. "Some bad developers use construction waste to backfill the sink of the toilet of the hardbound house. The heavy backfill material is easy to lead to the cracking of the waterproof layer of the sink. Over time, the toilet stinks and leaks, and there is still a risk of collapse," he said, citing an example. Zhao Peng, who is engaged in decoration supervision in Beijing, told reporters that in practice, the owners of hardbound houses have strong reactions to problems such as structural cracking of houses (ceiling), inadequate waterproof of kitchens and bathrooms, hollowing of walls, and unsmooth opening and closing of doors and windows. "There are also developers who cut corners on work and materials. For example, the high-priced stones in the model room have been replaced with ordinary stones. The furniture quality is low, which is obviously different from the furniture displayed in the model room." Zhao Peng said that if the model room of the developer is regarded as a "seller show", and the hardbound repair room bought by the owner becomes a "Buyer show". "In the past two years, due to the cost and the reasons of real estate enterprises, there have been various problems in the hardbound house repair, and buyers must carefully review the decoration terms when subscribing." Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of E-House Research Institute, said that at present, the fine decoration should return to the "livable" orientation, not only to improve the decoration standards, but also to prevent the real estate enterprises from raising prices in disguised form by decoration. Reduce costs and seek benefits The cost of safeguarding rights is high and there are many compromises According to Tang Yu, who has been engaged in decoration design for a long time, the problem of fine decoration lies in that some developers have compressed the cost to the extreme in order to pursue interests. "Developers are not stupid. Since they can give a decoration price lower than ordinary decoration on the market, they will compress the cost as much as possible". He said that developers will "shop around" when looking for decoration teams. Developers want to make money, and decoration teams also want to make money. Often, they can only find profit space from materials, construction period and other aspects, and finally transfer the problem to buyers. "Many times, hardcover has become a means for developers to bypass the price limit and seek high profits. Many buildings do hardcover in order to increase the price. The decoration standards exaggerate and shoddy, which directly leads to the increase of disputes over the collection of houses and the protection of rights," said Yan Yuejin. Many insiders pointed out that once the problem of fine decoration is found, many owners compromise or even admit bad luck. The reasons are as follows: On the one hand, due to the state's strict control over the price of newly-built commercial housing, the price inversion of commercial housing and stock housing has occurred in many cities. The so-called "inversion" is that the price of commercial housing is lower than that of surrounding stock housing. In this case, buyers feel that as long as they buy, they make money, and pay less attention to the fine decoration. On the other hand, the cost of safeguarding rights is too high. If the house has problems, such as water leakage, house construction or decoration, it is difficult to divide the responsibilities; Different prices should correspond to what kind of decoration standards are also difficult to identify. In addition, some buyers have weak awareness of rights protection and do not save relevant evidence in time, which increases the difficulty of rights protection. Zhang song, a Henan native who has been engaged in front-line decoration for a long time, told reporters: "sometimes when we were working as children, we could clearly see that the quality of house construction was relatively poor, and no matter how good the decoration was. But we wouldn't ask any questions and just do our work well. After all, we rely on developers to 'eat'." In this regard, Zhao Peng suggested that when signing the house purchase contract, buyers must write the decoration standard, material grade and brand, environmental protection level, warranty period, determination of compensation liability, house change and check-out into the house purchase contract as detailed as possible, and carefully check them one by one during house inspection. In case of disputes in the future, this can also be used as the basis for claims. Adjust and improve management and control ideas Strengthen supervision and law enforcement In January 2019, the evaluation standard for residential full decoration was implemented. At the same time, some cities have successively issued regulations requiring developers to deliver hardbound houses and shall not dismantle model houses within half a year, and carry out targeted supervision on the decoration standards and process. Wang Shude, deputy director of the Legal Affairs Committee of Beijing real estate intermediary industry association, believes that the "evaluation standard for residential full decoration" is not a national mandatory standard, which is difficult to promote at present. In his view, in order to change the chaos of fine decoration, the control ideas of commercial housing prices should be further adjusted and improved. In practice, due to the upward pressure of house prices, some places regard the filing as a means to regulate new house prices and financial risks, resulting in the phenomenon that even if the market is good, new houses can not be sold at the price. Some developers improve profits by reducing costs (such as allowing buyers to bear intermediary fees, shrinking decoration quality, etc.). "At the same time, we should strictly enforce the law," Wang Shude said. In fact, the relevant departments are not interested in the fine decoration of developers