Children are the future of the country and the hope of the nation. Recently, the national development and Reform Commission and other departments issued the guiding opinions on promoting the construction of child friendly cities (hereinafter referred to as the opinions). The opinions put forward that by 2025, the concept of child friendliness will be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people by carrying out 100 pilot projects for the construction of child friendly cities nationwide. Child friendliness requires full realization in social policies, public services, rights protection, growth space and development environment. How to understand the concept of "child friendliness"? What measures will China take to promote the construction of child friendly cities? Recently, the national development and Reform Commission held a press conference to respond to relevant issues. Give priority to children and provide a safe and comfortable growth environment Ou Xiaoli, director of the social development department of the national development and Reform Commission, introduced that at present, China's urbanization rate has exceeded 60%, and cities are becoming the most important external environment for the growth and development of more and more children. In the process of rapid urbanization, some places are used to considering children's development as an incidental issue of urban development. Urban construction is mainly based on the activity mode and use demand of adult people, and there is a vacancy in the supply of services for children. According to the opinion, child friendliness refers to providing appropriate conditions, environment and services for children's growth and development, and effectively ensuring children's rights to survival, development, protection and participation. Ou Xiaoli said that the opinions defined the guiding ideology, basic principles and main objectives of the construction of child friendly cities, and put forward 24 key measures from five aspects: social policies, public services, rights protection, growth space and development environment, focusing on childcare, education, medical and health, culture and sports, personal safety, welfare security Many specific measures with gold content have been put forward in the fields of transportation and travel. "The construction of a child friendly city involves many industries and a wide range of fields." Ou Xiaoli said that the national development and Reform Commission will adhere to the system concept, improve and improve the multi field and multi sectoral work cooperation mechanism, and promote the principle of giving priority to children into social policies; Adhere to the "combination of sections and blocks", pay close attention to the implementation, and ensure that all policies and measures are pragmatic and effective. Make up the shortage of resources to meet the needs of children Preschool education is not only an important aspect of children's public service, but also a major livelihood issue of concern to the people. Jiang Jin, a first-class inspector of the Department of basic education of the Ministry of education, introduced that by 2020, the total number of kindergartens in China will reach 292000, and the number of children in kindergartens will reach 48.183 million. The gross enrollment rate in the three years of preschool in China will reach 85.2%, and the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens will reach 84.7%. "Due to the weak foundation and more debts, the total amount of preschool education resources is still insufficient on the whole." Jiang Jin said that with the adjustment of fertility policy, the rapid flow of population and the promotion of urbanization, the problems of insufficient inclusive resources, unreasonable layout and "large class size" of kindergartens in some cities will become more prominent. In this regard, the opinions proposed to improve the guarantee mechanism of inclusive preschool education, further improve the level of universal inclusion, strictly implement the policy of supporting kindergartens in urban communities, make up for the shortcomings of resources and improve the quality of education. Jiang Jin said that in terms of increasing the allocation of urban preschool education resources, we should focus on improving the planning and layout of kindergartens to ensure that kindergartens are planned scientifically and the layout is reasonable. In combination with the local reality, timely revise and adjust the supporting degree standards for the population in urban residential areas, calculate the demand for admission year by year, and strive to meet the demand for admission nearby. More care and improve medical and health services "The living conditions of orphans, children who are actually not supported, children with disabilities and other children in difficulties often affect people's hearts. They are the most vulnerable groups that need special care and all-round protection from the party and the government," said Li Wanli, deputy director of the Child Welfare Department of the Ministry of civil affairs. Li Wanli said that in the future, we will improve the child welfare and security system, guide local civil affairs departments to further improve the classified security policies for children in distress, and promote the establishment of a dynamic growth mechanism for the basic living security standards of orphans and de facto unattended children in accordance with the level of economic development; All localities are encouraged to improve the welfare and security system for public welfare and inclusive children in combination with their actual conditions, so as to bring more children into the scope of institutional security and enjoy policy benefits. At the same time, we will build a "protection network" for children, unblock and standardize the ways for social workers to participate in the construction of child friendly cities, support charitable organizations to set up charitable projects around caring for children, unite the joint efforts of the whole society to care and protect children, and improve the care services for left behind children and children in distress in rural areas. Shen Haiping, deputy director of the maternal and Child Health Department of the National Health Commission, said that the National Health Commission will continue to improve the children's medical and health service system, strengthen the demonstration, guidance and radiation driving role of the National Children's medical center and the National Children's Regional Medical Center, promote the construction of hierarchical pediatric diagnosis and treatment system, promote the connection of high-quality children's medical resources from top to bottom, and realize the goal of not leaving the province for children with serious diseases Generally, the disease can not go out of the county and head fever can be solved in township communities. "We will continue to strengthen children's health care services and the prevention and treatment of major diseases." Shen Haiping said that we will focus on major children's health problems such as anemia, obesity, poor vision, autism and hearing impairment, promote appropriate technologies, and implement the prevention and control strategies of early screening, early diagnosis and early treatment; Improve the diagnosis and treatment system for serious and rare diseases such as children's blood diseases and malignant tumors, and strengthen medical treatment services; Facilitate children's medical treatment by information means. Shen Haiping said that we should focus on the environment conforming to children's psychological characteristics, facilities conforming to children's physiological needs, buildings conforming to children's safety requirements, and more high-quality and efficient medical and health care services, and build children's friendly hospitals with maternal and child health care institutions, children's hospitals, general hospitals, pediatrics and grass-roots medical and health institutions as the main body, so as to provide children with emotional, warm Medical and health care services with humanistic care. (outlook new era)