An international research team announced a groundbreaking achievement at the annual meeting of the American Physical Society on the 19th: they used the Atacama Cosmological Telescope (ACT) to capture the clearest images of the universe approximately 380000 years after its birth (the earliest observable era of the universe to date). The universe during this period is equivalent to the 'infancy', and these images are also equivalent to the 'baby photos' of the universe. The relevant paper has been submitted to the Journal of Cosmology and Astrophysics. The cosmic microwave background radiation represents the first stage in the history of the universe that people can see - infancy. This batch of cosmic microwave background radiation images has a resolution five times higher than that of the Planck telescope over a decade ago, revealing for the first time the movement trajectories of hydrogen and helium gases in the early universe. ACT project director Susan Staggs said that they can not only see light and darkness, but also track the movement of matter through the polarization phenomenon of light, just like inferring the existence of the moon through tides, reproducing the gravity distribution in different regions of the universe. In the first few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang, the primitive plasma that filled the universe was extremely hot, and light could not freely propagate, making the universe actually opaque. Research has confirmed that the observable universe has a diameter of nearly 50 billion light-years and a total mass equivalent to 1900 Zeta Suns (1 Zeta=1021). Among them, dark matter accounts for 26% (500 Zeta Suns), dark energy accounts for 68% (1300 Zeta Suns), and ordinary matter only accounts for 6% (100 Zeta Suns). In addition, the mass of tiny neutrino particles is at most equivalent to four Zeta Suns. One of the main authors of the paper, Thibault Louis from the University of Paris Saclay in France, pointed out that almost all helium elements in the universe were formed within 3 minutes after the Big Bang, and the elements that make up the human body, mainly carbon, as well as oxygen, nitrogen, iron, and even trace amounts of gold, are products of later stellar nuclear fusion. They are just embellishments in this "hodgepodge" of the universe. Regarding the age of the universe, the new data has increased the accuracy to 0.1%, confirming it as 13.8 billion years. The team also verified the rate of cosmic expansion, known as the Hubble constant. The results show that its value ranges from 67 to 68 kilometers per second per million seconds. Research has shown that the current cosmological standard model is still very reliable. (New Society)