Eight years ago, the gap between China and the United States was relatively large, but today we have a competitive advantage and can compete with each other, "said Li Meng, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former Vice Minister of Science and Technology, in an interview with Science and Technology Daily on the afternoon of March 8th. On July 8, 2017, the State Council issued the "Development Plan for the New Generation of Artificial Intelligence" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"). Today, "artificial intelligence" has become a hot word, and the development of China's artificial intelligence has also attracted the attention of the world. What did we do right Facing the questions raised by reporters, Li Meng emphasized that the great achievements and global status of China's artificial intelligence today are fundamentally due to General Secretary Xi Jinping's high attention, personal deployment, and continuous promotion. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized the significant importance of accelerating the development of the new generation of artificial intelligence, strengthening leadership, making good plans, clarifying tasks, consolidating foundations, promoting its deep integration with economic and social development, and promoting the healthy development of China's new generation of artificial intelligence. General Secretary's important instructions have pointed out the direction for the development of the new generation of artificial intelligence. From the very beginning, China has established the dual attributes of artificial intelligence - technological attributes and social attributes, clarifying the need to achieve coordination between incentive development and reasonable regulation, and to maximize risk prevention Li Meng said. On July 24, 2017, the State Council Information Office held a routine briefing on State Council policies to guide rapid development. Li Meng, then Deputy Minister of Science and Technology, introduced the relevant situation of the "Plan" and answered questions from reporters. Looking back eight years later, Li Meng believed that China's AI development was on the right path. The country established the correct strategic direction for AI development that year, providing fertile soil for AI development and creating a good ecology. A group of scientists with a scientific spirit, strategic vision, and patriotism have played an important role in correctly judging the development trend of artificial intelligence. At that time, the "Plan" clearly defined the five major intelligences - big data intelligence, cross media intelligence, human-machine hybrid intelligence, swarm intelligence, and autonomous intelligent system research. "Nowadays, these five directions have already blossomed and evolved towards large models, multimodal large models, brain computer interfaces, multi-agent collaboration, and embodied intelligence, which is consistent with the world's development trend," said Li Meng. At the beginning, China established a "three in one" approach of research and development, product application, and industrial application, emphasizing the role of enterprises. After the release of the "Plan", China established the first batch of national new generation artificial intelligence open innovation platforms in four enterprises. Today, the number of such platforms has reached 23. In order to meet the needs of a comprehensive industrial structure and rich application scenarios, China's AI adopts a "two legged" development plan. The research and application promotion of artificial intelligence technology are advancing simultaneously, and theoretical research and engineering innovation are synergistically promoted, "Li Meng summarized. The Plan proposes that by 2025, some technologies and applications will reach the world's leading level, and artificial intelligence will become the main driving force for China's industrial upgrading and economic transformation. Li Meng commented that this goal has actually been exceeded. Of course, we also need to continue to work hard in terms of basic theory, "Li Meng explained. Currently, Google's proposed Transformer architecture is still the mainstream architecture for large models, but there are also enterprises and researchers in China trying new architectures. We should encourage free exploration and see if we can find a disruptive path. "" Intelligence for Good "links to future industries such as embodied intelligence in the 2025 government work report, and points out the need to continue promoting the" Artificial Intelligence+"action. Since we have already embarked on a path of rapid development, how can we better develop in the future? Several representatives and members pointed out that ethical norms are a major challenge facing the development of artificial intelligence at present. Yi Tong, director of the Innovation and Development Strategy Research Institute of Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, observed that while artificial intelligence technology is promoting the transformation and development of industrial intelligence, the technological risks it has caused are becoming increasingly prominent. Currently, the ethical challenges facing the development of artificial intelligence mainly focus on multiple aspects such as data privacy and security, algorithmic bias and responsibility attribution, intellectual property protection, and regulation of false information Yitong said, "However, there is currently no higher-level law specifically targeting the safety of artificial intelligence in our country, and it is urgent to further improve the legal and regulatory system for the supervision of artificial intelligence safety." In Yitong's view, the dynamic balance between the development of artificial intelligence and safety can be achieved through innovative design and flexible implementation of laws, regulations, policies, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to establish a full chain security supervision system for artificial intelligence algorithm design, data collection, model training, and application deployment as soon as possible. Li Meng also reminds that promoting legislation on artificial intelligence is not only for safety, but also for healthier development. The common problem and responsibility faced by major artificial intelligence countries is how to ensure that artificial intelligence enhances human well-being and avoids deviating from the track of "intelligence for good". In the competition of artificial intelligence, we cannot pursue unilateral victory. Win win for the world is the right path He emphasized the need to uphold the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind and continue to explore governance principles, methods, and content. (New Society)