The Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Further Deepening Rural Reform and Firmly Promoting the Comprehensive Revitalization of Rural Areas was released on February 23, which is the 13th No. 1 central document guiding the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The document deploys thirty key tasks, the fourth of which is to promote collaborative research and development of agricultural scientific and technological forces. Among them, it clearly states that "leading the aggregation of advanced production factors through technological innovation and developing new quality agricultural productivity according to local conditions". This is also the first time that the No. 1 central document proposed to develop new agricultural productivity. The first chapter of this year's document on deepening the implementation of the seed industry revitalization action still focuses on the issue of national food security. The document requires continuous enhancement of the supply guarantee capacity for important agricultural products such as grain. Deepen the action to increase the yield of grain and oil crops on a large scale. Stabilize the planting area of grain, focus on improving yield and quality, and ensure stable and high yield of grain. Further expand the implementation scale of the Grain Yield Improvement Project, increase the integration and promotion of high-yield and high-efficiency models, promote water fertilizer integration, and promote large-scale yield increase. Intensify efforts to implement a new round of tasks to increase grain production capacity by billions of kilograms. In 2024, China's grain production has achieved fruitful results. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the total grain output in China in 2024 was 706.5 million tons (1413 billion catties), an increase of 11.09 million tons (22.2 billion catties) from the previous year, a growth of 1.6%, and the annual grain output reached a new high. On the basis of standing firm at the 1.3 trillion jin level for nine consecutive years, it has surpassed 1.4 trillion jin for the first time, achieving high-level production increase. On the basis of another bumper harvest in agriculture, the No. 1 central document in 2025 will further focus on the improvement of unit yield. To achieve a large-scale increase in yield, it is inseparable from biological breeding and the revitalization of the seed industry. It is worth mentioning that 2025 is the fifth year of the official launch of China's seed industry revitalization action, and the seed industry has entered the "fast lane" of accelerated development. According to the requirements of the document on developing agricultural new quality productivity according to local conditions, we will promote the coordinated research and development of agricultural scientific and technological forces. Leading the aggregation of advanced production factors through technological innovation, and developing agricultural new quality productivity according to local conditions. The connotation of agricultural new quality productivity is relatively rich, including current biological breeding technology, unmanned aerial vehicle technology, artificial intelligence technology, and digital technology. These applications can effectively change the development of agricultural production and are of great significance for accelerating the process of agricultural modernization Jin Wencheng, Director of the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, made the above statement when interpreting the document. The document further proposes to accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies, strengthen the coordination of agricultural research resources, and cultivate leading agricultural technology enterprises. Deepen the implementation of the seed industry revitalization action, leverage the role of major agricultural research platforms such as "Southern Breeding Silicon Valley", and accelerate the capture of a number of breakthrough varieties. Continue to promote the industrialization of biological breeding. Promote the high-quality development of agricultural machinery and equipment, accelerate the research and application of domestically produced advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment, and promote the scrapping and renewal of old agricultural machinery. Support the development of smart agriculture and expand the application scenarios of technologies such as artificial intelligence, data, and low altitude. Prior to this, the Central Rural Work Conference held at the end of 2024 had already made relevant arrangements. The conference proposed to promote collaborative research and development of agricultural scientific and technological forces, accelerate the large-scale promotion and application of scientific and technological achievements, and develop new agricultural productivity according to local conditions. Jin Wencheng stated that to develop new quality productive forces in agriculture, we must seize the opportunities of technological and industrial revolutions, focus on top-level design, and construct institutional mechanisms that adapt to the development of new quality productive forces from the institutional and policy levels to support the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. At the same time, it is necessary to build an agricultural science and technology innovation system, enhance the ability and level of scientific and technological innovation, create an independent innovation platform, use the platform to promote the development of new quality productivity, and give wings to science and technology for the modernization of agriculture and rural areas in China. In addition, the document requires the development of rural characteristic industries. Adhere to market rules, vigorously develop green and characteristic agricultural product breeding, promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural product processing industry, implement the plan for cultivating high-quality agricultural brands, create characteristic agricultural industry clusters, and enhance the level of agricultural industrialization. Deepen the implementation of rural industrial integration development projects and cultivate new industries and formats in rural areas. Promote the deep integration of rural culture and tourism, carry out pilot projects to empower rural revitalization with cultural industries, and enhance the level of characteristic, boutique, and standardized rural tourism. Accelerate the construction of a modern circulation network for agricultural products and materials, and support various entities to collaborate and jointly build supply chains. Promote the high-quality development of rural e-commerce. In recent years, various platforms have successively launched agricultural assistance plans, and the rural delivery logistics network has continued to improve. The trend of integrating agriculture, culture, and tourism is becoming increasingly prominent, and various aspects are promoting the sustainable development of rural characteristic industries. Promote institutions to increase funding for innovative rural revitalization investment and financing mechanisms. This year's No.1 document clearly states that priority will be given to ensuring general public budget investment in agriculture and rural areas, and strengthening performance management incentives and constraints. We will increase support for major projects in the agricultural and rural areas from investment in the central budget, ultra long term special treasury bond and special bonds of local governments. Utilize monetary policy tools such as refinancing, rediscounting, and differentiated reserve requirement ratios to encourage financial institutions to increase their investment in rural revitalization. Support financial institutions to issue special financial bonds for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. Encourage eligible enterprises to issue rural revitalization bonds. Deepen the construction of rural credit system and strengthen the collection and sharing of agricultural credit information. Promote mortgage financing loans for live livestock and poultry, agricultural facilities, etc. Adhere to the positioning of rural small and medium-sized banks supporting agriculture and small businesses, accelerate the reform of rural credit cooperatives with "one province, one policy", and steadily and orderly promote the reform and restructuring of rural banks. Establish a multi-level agricultural insurance system and support the development of characteristic agricultural product insurance. Strictly crack down on various illegal financial activities in rural areas. Strengthen the supervision of the entire process of agricultural fund projects, and focus on rectifying issues such as fraudulent use, interception, and misappropriation of agricultural funds. Tu Shengwei, a researcher of the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that this year the No. 1 central document highlighted "promoting the overall revitalization of rural areas by deepening rural reform". The document mentioned a lot of reform matters, and in fact, it is still on the three key elements of land, money and people. With regard to "money", the No. 1 central document of the Central Committee proposed to "innovate the investment and financing mechanism for rural revitalization". The purpose is to give play to the role of fiscal allocation, and then guide and encourage financial and social capital to invest more in various fields of rural revitalization. In addition, the document clearly sets a red line in terms of land transfer and rural resource assets. The document proposes that land transfer should not be promoted through indicators, tasks, or other means. Solidly carry out the registration and certification of integrated real estate and land homesteads. The document clearly explores effective ways to revitalize and utilize legally owned housing by farmers through renting, equity participation, cooperation, and other means. Urban residents are not allowed to purchase rural houses or homesteads in rural areas, and retired officials are not allowed to occupy land and build houses in rural areas. Orderly promote the reform of rural collective operation construction land entering the market, and improve the mechanism of income distribution and rights protection. Develop a new type of rural collective economy according to local conditions, without setting hard targets for collective income, and strictly control the risks and debts of collective operation. Continuously deepen the special governance of rural collective funds, assets, and resource management. Promote standardized management and rational utilization of newly added arable land. (New Society)