The issue of population is of paramount importance to the nation. At present, China's population development is characterized by a trend of fewer children and aging, and the proportion of the elderly aged 60 and above is more than 20%. The reality before us is to move towards common prosperity while experiencing the "aging before wealth" trend. Does' getting old before getting rich 'mean the disappearance of the demographic dividend? Can population development support us to improve people's livelihood and realize Chinese path to modernization? To seek answers, it is advisable to first focus on two sets of keywords and clarify the dialectical relationship between population and dividends, and between "wealth" and "aging". Decades of rapid development and the "two miracles" undoubtedly benefited from the abundant labor force. At the same time, the institutional dividends of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the policy dividends of reform and opening up are the fundamental reasons. Population is not the entirety of the development dividend; Even if the labor force decreases, there are still factors such as policies, technology, and capital to supplement and provide support, offsetting the unilateral impact. Speaking of the demographic dividend, its connotation is also keeping up with the times. Population development depends on both quantity and quality. With the significant improvement of education level and national quality, the demographic dividend has not disappeared, but instead opened up growth space for the talent dividend. Releasing talent dividends and boosting scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading is exactly the meaning of the topic of "supporting Chinese path to modernization with high-quality population development". Population and dividends are not simple addition and subtraction problems, but more like multivariate functions that encompass multiple variables and algorithms. Only through a high-order perspective can they be thoroughly analyzed. Similarly, the demographic dividend not only depends on the increment, but also on the stock; It is not only the "new generation", but also the "older generation" that is becoming more and more powerful. Once, people were worried that the elderly could not keep up with the pace of the information age. In the blink of an eye, a group of elderly people started watching short videos, fell in love with online shopping, and even became internet celebrities and engaged in e-commerce, breaking through dimensions and gaining popularity. 170 million Chinese elderly netizens inject new vitality into the Internet, and the continuing effect of demographic dividend should not be underestimated. Looking at more fields, the silver haired group is also full of vitality. Scenic spots, equipped with outdoor gear and photography equipment, with physical strength comparable to young people; Meet up at the gym or ski resort to burn calories; Dedicate oneself to various educational platforms, willing to pay for knowledge, and learn until old age. The annual consumption of middle-aged and elderly people in cultural and tourism exceeds 700 billion yuan, the online education population is about 35 million, and the number of marathon participants is increasing year by year... The age of sixty or seventy is the age to "break through". Old age may not necessarily be an obstacle to wealth. The 'silver haired economy' is written into policy documents and stands at the forefront; 'Silver Hair Power' was selected as the annual catchphrase, attracting attention; Accompanying elderly people for medical treatment and writing memoirs on their behalf has become a new income generating profession for many young people. The events around us and big data are all indicating that the need for a better life among billions of 'silver haired' individuals is a huge potential market that can become a driving force for economic growth and an opportunity for social development. Empower the elderly and create new dividends. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council have issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Development of Elderly Care Services", which clearly proposes to "improve the hierarchical classification, universal accessibility, coverage of urban and rural areas, and sustainable development of the elderly care service system", "further stimulate the development vitality of the elderly care industry and the elderly care industry, better meet the multi-level and diversified elderly care service needs of the elderly", and "enable all elderly people to enjoy a happy old age"... The top-level design points out the direction, and many practitioners and innovators follow the voice to cultivate. The population has stock and quality, and the silver hair is strong and vigorous. Releasing new dividends is both predictable and achievable. Expanding our perspective, we can also see that we need to coordinate efforts to address the issues of declining birth rates and aging populations, avoiding neglecting one aspect at the expense of another; Further comprehensively deepen reform and expand opening up, and constantly provide new impetus for the realization of Chinese path to modernization under the new situation of population development. A series of strategic actions, illuminating the future. In the new era of China, regardless of age, everyone has the conditions to look forward to and practice the same goal: to be confident and live a better life. (New Society)