At the symposium on "Frontier Science Issues in Space Science" held at the Xiangshan Science Conference on the 20th, Wang Chi, an academician of the CAS Member and director of the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that China's space science research will focus on five scientific themes: "extreme universe", "space-time ripples", "solar terrestrial panorama", "habitable planets" and "space objects". Wang Chi introduced in the theme review report that the theme of "Extreme Universe" will study the material motion laws of extreme celestial bodies under extreme conditions, the nature of dark matter particles, and the sources of high-energy radiation in the universe. The theme of "Time Space Ripples" is to reveal the essence of gravity and space-time through the detection of gravitational waves in space. The "Sun Earth Panorama" mainly explores the Earth, the Sun, and the heliosphere, revealing the complex system of the Sun Earth and the physical processes and laws of the overall connection between the Sun and the solar system. The theme of "Livable Planets" is mainly dedicated to exploring the habitability of celestial bodies in the solar system and exoplanets, and conducting the exploration of extraterrestrial life. The theme of "Space Physics" will reveal the laws of material motion and life activities under space conditions, deepening our understanding of fundamental physics such as quantum mechanics and general relativity. Wang Chi said that the 11 major scientific frontiers in the field of space science that urgently need global breakthroughs can be summarized as "one black", "two dark", "three origins" and "five representations". The "One Black" aims to explore the motion laws of dense celestial bodies represented by black holes and their extreme conditions; The term 'two dark' refers to dark matter and dark energy, the essence of which is still poorly understood by people; The "Three Origins" focuses on the origins of the universe, the solar system, and life; The "Five Represents" explore the characteristics and operating laws of the Earth system, the Earth Moon space, the solar system, and the exoplanet, as well as the laws of material movement and life activities in the space environment. In response to the major national needs and based on the national conditions, China has further condensed the five major scientific themes mentioned above. In October 2024, the National Medium - and Long Term Development Plan for Space Science (2024-2050) was released. Wang Chi said that the plan has formed a medium - to long-term development roadmap for China's space science in response to the five major scientific themes: by 2027, operate the Chinese space station, implement manned lunar exploration, the fourth phase of lunar exploration projects, and planetary exploration projects, and demonstrate and approve 5 to 8 space science satellite missions; From 2028 to 2035, continue to operate the Chinese space station, carry out manned lunar exploration, demonstrate the implementation of scientific missions such as the International Lunar Research Station, and demonstrate the implementation of about 15 space science satellite missions; From 2036 to 2050, more than 30 space science tasks will be demonstrated and implemented, with important areas reaching world leading levels. For more than 10 years, the space science pilot project initiated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences has successively developed and launched scientific satellites such as "Wukong", "Mozi", "Insight", "Shijian 10", "Taiji 1", "Huairou 1" and "Kuafu 1". Wang Chi introduced that China will implement multiple scientific satellite missions in the future. Among them, the "Hongmeng Plan" will utilize the high cleanliness electromagnetic environment on the back of the moon to launch ten satellites with one rocket, construct a hundred kilometer ultra long wave space radio telescope around the moon, and reveal the evolutionary history of the dark age and dawn of the universe. The Kuafu-2 mission will conduct the first frontal imaging observation of the solar polar regions, revealing the origin of the solar magnetic activity cycle and high-speed solar wind. In addition, the space science satellite "Smile Plan" jointly developed by China and Europe is expected to be launched at the end of this year or early next year, and is expected to achieve panoramic X-ray imaging of the Earth's magnetosphere and high-precision detection of auroras on the solar side for the first time internationally. (New Society)