Drones in flight and intelligent robots in motion can all be remotely charged across the air, and the scenarios described in science fiction novels have the potential to become a reality. Recently, an adaptive wireless energy transmission technology jointly developed by Li Long, a professor of Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, and Cui Tiejun, an academician of the CAS Member and a professor of Southeast University, can focus and transmit wireless energy to dynamic terminal devices in real time and efficiently using a wireless transmission mode similar to Wi Fi, so as to realize battery free perception, computing and communication. In Li Long's view, this research is an exploration aimed at the integration of wireless energy transmission, perception, and communication, and is expected to provide wireless power supply for sensor devices in the future of the Internet of Things. The relevant paper was published in Nature Communications. Mobile charging drones are widely used in various fields such as high-altitude photography, logistics distribution, agricultural crop protection, emergency rescue, etc. Intelligent hardware such as robots and wearable devices have also entered people's lives, but their endurance has always constrained their further development. How to provide reliable and sustainable energy supply for these smart devices has become an urgent technical challenge to be solved. The breakthrough in wireless energy transmission technology means that future smart devices are expected to break away from traditional batteries and wired charging facilities. We have developed an adaptive wireless energy transmission network based on dual frequency metasurfaces and convolutional neural networks for precise near-field wireless positioning, adaptive wireless energy transmission, and efficient wireless energy harvesting. It can perform synchronous target perception positioning and beam control, thereby achieving adaptive tracking of wireless energy transmission Li Long said that this research has made breakthrough progress in the fields of dynamic wireless energy transmission and wireless positioning. It is understood that traditional wireless charging technology mainly relies on close range, contact based electromagnetic resonance induction, and its efficiency and applicability are limited by space, distance, environment, equipment, and other factors. The radiation based wireless energy transmission and reception technology based on electromagnetic metasurfaces studied by Li Long's research group is expected to break through this bottleneck. This technology is like a "smart brain", which can intelligently adjust electromagnetic wave transmission parameters through target perception and environmental interaction, and improve wireless energy transmission efficiency according to changes in the surrounding environment and real-time device requirements, accurately and efficiently delivering energy to devices. Compared with traditional wireless charging methods, adaptive tracking wireless energy transmission technology is expected to support terminal devices such as drones and intelligent robots for stable and efficient non-contact wireless charging during movement. Xia Dexiao, a team member and doctoral student at Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, said that this technology is an innovation and breakthrough in the field of wireless energy transmission using electromagnetic metasurfaces, promoting the development of information metasurface research in the direction of intelligence and multifunctionality. How to accurately locate smart devices in motion with centimeter level tracking and positioning? This is the key to achieving remote air charging. Researchers used the second harmonic generated during the rectification process of metasurface energy reception as feedback for positioning signals, combined with metasurface spatiotemporal encoding technology and convolutional neural networks, and achieved a near-field positioning accuracy of 3 centimeters resolution for the first time on a single transmitter single receiver system. Researchers have developed a programmable metasurface with dual frequency and common aperture for achieving full duplex radiation modulation and target perception. They also designed sensor terminals for wireless power supply, which efficiently collect and convert RF energy into DC, enabling battery free environmental data sensing and calculation, and uploading the sensed data via Bluetooth. Finally, researchers utilized arrays on dual frequency metasurfaces to perform spatiotemporal encoding modulation on positioning signals from terminal devices. On the basis of completing network training in the early stage, fast classification and accurate acquisition of location information are achieved through convolutional neural network terminals. Xia Dexiao said that in this system, metasurfaces can not only achieve precise target positioning, but also flexibly focus energy based on real-time changing environments and targets, achieving tracking based airborne energy transmission. The prospect of wireless charging technology is broad, and with large-scale production and technological upgrades and iterations, its application costs will gradually decrease. Affordable wireless charging technology can provide more convenient charging solutions for large intelligent warehouses, implantable medical devices, and low altitude economies. "By introducing information metamaterial technology, our research provides an efficient and feasible solution for simultaneous interpreting of energy information of non-contact equipment. This exploration not only broadens academic horizons, but also has the potential to accelerate the practice and popularization of wireless charging technology in future application scenarios Li Long said that adaptive wireless power transmission technology will promote the development of industries such as 6G Internet of Things, information metasurfaces, and intelligent drones, and has potential applications. (New Society)