Accelerating towards becoming an agricultural powerhouse: A summary of the achievements in the development of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers in the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China
2024-09-24
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China 75 years ago, the development of agriculture and rural areas has undergone tremendous changes, achieving remarkable leapfrog development that has attracted worldwide attention. A major agricultural country is accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and moving towards becoming an agricultural powerhouse.
Adequate supply of grain and important agricultural products
In the autumn fields, the scent of harvest becomes increasingly strong. In Shuangxing Village, Yuelai Town, Huachuan County, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province, miniature meteorological stations, disease and pest monitoring devices are installed in the fields, and golden rice paddies sway gently in the wind.
We can harvest in just over 20 days, and the expected yield per hectare is over 9 tons, "said Li Yucheng, chairman of the Yucheng Modern Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative in Huachuan County, standing on the field ridge. Despite encountering low temperatures and rainy weather in the early stage, through timely field management, rice growth has been good this year.
Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the comprehensive production capacity of grain has continued to improve, and China's grain production has achieved leapfrog development. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the annual grain production in our country was only over 200 billion catties, and stabilized at over 300 billion catties in 1962. With the establishment and implementation of the household contract responsibility system, it has greatly stimulated the production enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of farmers, liberated agricultural productivity, and brought grain production to new heights one after another. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has implemented the system of shared responsibility between the Party and the government for food security, as well as the "basket of vegetables" mayor responsibility system. The strategy of storing grain in the land and technology has been deeply implemented, and the comprehensive production capacity of grain has steadily increased.
China's grain production has remained stable at over 1.3 trillion catties for nine consecutive years. By 2023, the grain production will reach 1390.8 billion kilograms, an increase of over 1 trillion kilograms compared to 1949; The yield of grain has significantly increased, with a national grain yield of 389.7 kilograms per mu in 2023, an increase of 321.1 kilograms per mu compared to 1949.
You need to eat both full and well. The supply capacity of "rice bags" and "vegetable baskets" products has steadily increased, and the variety has become more diverse.
A variety of fruit and vegetable products are available, fresh in all seasons——
The production of economic crops is flourishing. Vegetables and fruits are dazzling, constantly improving in quality, and achieving cross regional and off-season supply, making residents' "vegetable baskets" and "fruit plates" more abundant.
The quality and efficiency of livestock and poultry production have been improved, and the supply of meat, eggs, and milk is sufficient——
In the early days of the founding of New China, the overall supply of livestock products in our country was insufficient. After the reform and opening up, the output of livestock products continued to rise. In recent years, the modernization and scaling up of animal husbandry have accelerated, and the comprehensive production capacity has reached a new high. By 2023, the meat, egg, and milk production will exceed 175 million tons. The production of meat, poultry, and eggs has consistently ranked first in the world for many years, while the production of dairy products has entered the forefront of the world.
The fishery production is flourishing and developing, with a rich variety of fish, shrimp, crabs, shellfish, and algae——
Technological innovation drives the demand for food from rivers, lakes, and seas, leading to the rapid development of aquaculture and the continuous growth of offshore fisheries. The conservation of aquatic biological resources has achieved practical results. China's total production of aquatic products accounts for nearly 40% of the world's total, with a per capita share of 50.48 kilograms of aquatic products.
In recent years, the continuous development of greenhouses, vertical farms, intelligent agricultural ranches, plant factories, etc. has expanded new space for agricultural development, promoted the continuous increase of supply of meat, eggs, milk, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, etc., better met people's diversified food needs, and improved the level of supply of "big food".
Accelerate the construction of livable, business friendly, and beautiful rural areas
Rural areas are the homes of the vast majority of farmers. Only by building beautiful rural areas can farmers feel a sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Walking into Puzhu Village, Wushi Town, Pingjiang County, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, the fields are crisscrossed with paths, and the front and back of the houses are clean and tidy. Villagers plant selenium rich lotus roots and rice, develop radish processing industry, and start rural tourism.
Previously, there was only one muddy road, and the village was filled with adobe houses and thatched cottages. There was no one to clean up the smelly ditch and garbage. I didn't expect the village to change so much in recent years, "said Lu Kongyun, a villager in his 80s." With the improvement of the environment, the village has become even more popular.
After the founding of New China, the CPC organized farmers to reorganize mountains and rivers and develop production, and carried out arduous exploration; Since the reform and opening up, leading farmers have taken the lead in opening up the curtain of reform, continuously liberating and developing rural social productive forces, and promoting comprehensive progress in rural areas. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, rural livelihoods have significantly improved, and the rural landscape has been rejuvenated.
A series of policy measures, including industrial revitalization, talent revitalization, cultural revitalization, ecological revitalization, and organizational revitalization, are promoting a new atmosphere in rural areas.
Rural infrastructure continues to improve. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has continuously accelerated the construction of rural infrastructure, improved production and living conditions, and achieved significant results in the construction of housing, drinking water safety, roads, and other facilities. Over the past decade, a total of 2.5 million kilometers of rural roads have been newly renovated, the rural tap water penetration rate has reached 90%, and the proportion of rural population covered by large-scale water supply projects has reached 60%.
The rural living environment continues to improve. The popularization rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas has reached about 75%, the proportion of administrative villages where household waste is collected, transported and treated has remained stable at over 90%, and the rural domestic sewage treatment (control) rate has reached over 45%.
The level of public services in rural areas continues to improve. The action plan to enhance the development of preschool education and the project to improve weak links and enhance abilities in compulsory education have been deeply implemented. More than 580000 village clinics, over 16000 rural nursing homes, and over 140000 mutual aid elderly care service facilities have been built in various regions.
Accelerate the resolution of practical issues one by one, continuously build livable, business friendly, and beautiful rural areas, and promote a more fulfilling, secure, and sustainable sense of gain, happiness, and security for farmers.
Expanding channels for farmers to increase income and become prosperous
Walking into Dazhai Village, Longji Town, Longsheng Autonomous County, Guilin City, Guangxi Province, one can see terraced fields surrounding the mountains. On the green slopes, there are scattered stilted houses with ethnic characteristics, and villagers and tourists often come and go.
Due to the barrier of mountains, Dazhai Village was once synonymous with poverty. With the sounding of the horn of poverty alleviation and multi-party assistance, infrastructure and industrial development have been greatly improved. Terraced fields and ethnic customs have driven the tourism industry. The per capita annual income has developed from less than 700 yuan in 2003 to about 40000 yuan now, and life is becoming increasingly prosperous, "said Yu Qiongtong, the secretary of the Dazhai Village Party Branch.
In the early days of the founding of New China, people lived in extreme poverty. The establishment of land reform and the basic socialist system laid the institutional foundation for fundamentally solving the problem of poverty. Since the reform and opening up, China has implemented large-scale, planned, and organized poverty alleviation and development, resulting in a significant reduction in rural poverty. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has won the battle against poverty, continuously consolidated and expanded the achievements of poverty alleviation, and firmly held the bottom line of preventing large-scale poverty relapse.
An important measure of the effectiveness of rural work is to see if farmers' wallets are bulging. Developing characteristic industries, supporting migrant workers, and accelerating the integration of the tertiary industry... Various regions and departments have taken multiple measures to promote farmers' income growth.
Since 2018, China has established the annual lunar autumnal equinox as the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival, which is the first festival specifically designed for farmers at the national level. Recently, the 2024 Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival Golden Autumn Consumption Season event was launched in Tianjin. On site, exhibition areas such as "Jinnong Boutique", "Beijing Tianjin Hebei High quality Agricultural Products", and "Inner Mongolia High quality Agricultural and Livestock Products" were set up. E-commerce platforms such as Pinduoduo conducted live broadcasts and released measures to benefit farmers, focusing on soybeans and soy products, dairy products, beef, etc.
Over the years, various regions have continued to focus on promoting local specialties, vigorously cultivating new industries and business models in rural areas, and continuously expanding channels for farmers to increase their income and become prosperous. By 2023, the per capita disposable income of rural residents will reach 21691 yuan.
We need to be rich in both pockets and brains. China continues to strengthen the construction of rural spiritual civilization, deeply implementing the "Village to Village Communication" of radio and television, rural film screening, and farmer's book house projects, and actively carrying out healthy and upward cultural activities for rural masses. In recent years, various regions have cultivated civilized rural customs from the surface to the inside, organized and implemented a series of activities to revitalize rural culture, continuously boosting the spirit and energy of farmers. Farmers' sports activities such as "village BA" and "village super" have become popular, and excellent traditional agricultural culture has been protected and inherited.
The rural governance system that combines autonomy, rule of law, and moral governance under the leadership of party organizations is constantly improving. Practical and effective rural governance methods such as the points system and the list system have been promoted, and the transformation of rural customs and traditions continues to advance. Multiple departments have jointly created 293 national rural governance demonstration towns and 2968 national rural governance demonstration villages. A series of measures have been taken to promote a more comfortable and smooth life for farmers.
A strong country must first strengthen agriculture, and strong agriculture is the key to a strong country. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made systematic arrangements for the major tasks of agricultural and rural reform and development. Implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, various regions and departments are anchoring the goal of building a strong agricultural country, solidly carrying out various tasks of comprehensive rural revitalization, and striving to write a more magnificent new chapter of "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" on the new journey.
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：Xinhua
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