Making Fairness and Justice Perceived, Touchable, and Visible: A Review of the Achievements of Rule of Law Progress in the 75th Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China
2024-09-19
In the 75 years since the founding of New China, the Chinese people, under the leadership of the CPC, have explored a path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics that conforms to the national conditions and the times. In the new era and new journey, under the guidance of Xi Jinping's rule of law ideology, the construction of a socialist rule of law country has been deeply promoted, the overall pattern of comprehensive rule of law has been basically formed, the construction of the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics has been accelerated, significant progress has been made in the reform of the judicial system, and the guarantee of social fairness and justice has become more solid. Promote the governance of China to a new realm, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, "May Fourth Constitution" Historical Materials Exhibition Hall. In front of an exhibit of the draft of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, many tourists quietly stopped to watch. After the official announcement of the draft constitution on June 14, 1954, more than 150 million people participated in discussions and proposed over 1.18 million amendments and supplementary opinions; On September 20, 1954, the First Session of the First National People's Congress unanimously adopted the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. The birth of the May Fourth Constitution witnessed a crucial step forward in the construction of the rule of law in New China. The road determines destiny, and the flag anchors the direction. Since the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, our party has actively utilized the successful experience of legal construction in the base areas during the period of the New Democratic Revolution to accelerate the construction of socialist rule of law; Establish the basic strategy of governing the country by law at the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China; At the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was proposed to comprehensively implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law and accelerate the construction of a socialist rule of law country... Looking back at the turbulent process, the main line of exploring and opening up the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics is clearly visible. In the new era, China has jumped to a new starting point and is also facing new challenges. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has positioned, laid out, and implemented the rule of law from the overall and strategic perspective of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has included the comprehensive rule of law in the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout, and planned and promoted it in the overall development of the Party and the country's industries, making a series of major decisions and proposing a series of important measures. The overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law was first proposed; Clarifying for the first time the scientific connotation of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics; For the first time, the basic framework and overall layout of comprehensively governing the country by law have been clarified... General Secretary Xi Jinping creatively proposed a series of new concepts, ideas, and strategies on comprehensively governing the country by law, forming Xi Jinping's rule of law ideology, which has pointed out the direction for building a rule of law China and provided fundamental guidance. Establishing the Central Committee for the Comprehensive Rule of Law, the Party's leadership over the comprehensive rule of law will become stronger and more powerful; Introduce the "One Plan and Two Outlines" for the construction of a rule of law China, outlining the "construction schedule" and "roadmap" for the integrated construction of a rule of law country, a rule of law government, and a rule of law society; The socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics centered on the Constitution has become more perfect, and the construction of the rule of law has comprehensively improved from a legal system to a rule of law system that includes legislation, law enforcement, judiciary, and compliance. Under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's rule of law ideology, China's socialist rule of law construction has undergone historic changes and achieved historic achievements, promoting China's governance to a new level. The "Foreign Investment Approval Letter (1980) No. 1" issued by Beijing Aviation Food Co., Ltd. is regarded as the "birth certificate" of China's first Sino foreign joint venture, fully leveraging its role in ensuring fundamental stability, stable expectations, and long-term benefits. In 1979, the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress voted to pass the Law on Sino foreign Joint Ventures, which brought a large number of Sino foreign joint ventures to the historical stage; Forty years later, the second session of the 13th National People's Congress voted to pass the Foreign Investment Law, which has become a new basic law in the field of foreign investment in China in the new era and has promoted a higher level of opening up. Through constitutional amendments, the Civil Code, Cybersecurity Law, and Food Security Law have been formulated... As of now, there are over 300 effective laws in China, and legislation in key, emerging, and foreign-related fields has been continuously strengthened to maintain market order and stabilize social expectations with the power of the rule of law. The rule of law is the best business environment, with a fundamental, stable and long-term guarantee effect. Since the reform and opening up, the rule of law has always safeguarded economic and social development, promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. The Tianjin Binhai New Area, which was formed by three administrative regions, used to have numerous departments and official seals. In 2014, Binhai New Area established the first administrative approval bureau in China in accordance with the law, consolidating 216 approval responsibilities that were originally scattered among 18 units into one department, and taking the lead in achieving "one seal for approval". In the past, when construction projects encountered problems such as temporary occupation of forest land and logging, they had to communicate repeatedly with the units that owned and managed the forest land; The problem has been solved in just over a week now, and the project has progressed much earlier than expected Zhang Rongxin, the project leader of Tianjin Binhai New Area Urban Investment Construction Development Co., Ltd., sighed. Wherever the economy and society develop, the guarantee of the rule of law follows. In the name of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, a top-level design has been introduced to improve the property rights protection system and protect property rights in accordance with the law. The people's courts have increased their efforts to identify and correct cases involving property rights, and the procuratorial organs have standardized the law enforcement and judicial standards for handling cases involving private enterprises, so that property owners have perseverance; Publish the list of powers and responsibilities of government departments at the provincial, municipal, and county levels, implement major administrative decision-making procedures, carry out on-site inspections of the construction of a rule of law government... Use the reins of the rule of law to control the galloping of power; We will conduct a centralized review of current effective administrative regulations, implement a commitment system for notifying proof items, cancel some fines that are closely related to the production and life of enterprises and the public, and deploy a three-year action plan to improve the quality of administrative law enforcement... We will focus on stimulating the market vitality of entrepreneurial officers. The construction of a rule of law government is deepening, with increasingly clear boundaries of government functions, more reasonable allocation of power, and continuously improving governance levels, injecting new vitality into the economy and society, and continuously releasing new dividends in the construction of the rule of law. The key to governing the country lies in fairness and justice, shining the sunshine of fairness and justice into the hearts of the people. In 1979, China's first Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Law were born, providing a legal basis for criminal trials; In 1996, the Criminal Procedure Law was amended for the first time, and the criminal justice principle of "presumption of innocence" was legally implemented; In 2013, the re education through labor system that had lasted for over half a century was officially abolished; In 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed a series of criminal justice reforms, including the reform of the litigation system centered on trials... The progress of the protection of the rule of law and human rights is clearly visible. The 2024 Supreme People's Court Work Report shows that in 2023, the people's courts declared 465 defendants in public prosecution cases and 339 defendants in private prosecution cases innocent in accordance with the law, an increase of 31.4% and 22.4% respectively year-on-year; 87 cases were retried and 122 people were acquitted, an increase of 21 cases and 42 people compared to the same period last year. From implementing the post system reform to concentrating judicial forces on the front line of case handling; To promote the reform of the judicial responsibility system, 'let the adjudicators make judgments and let the adjudicators be responsible'; The foundation for maintaining social fairness and justice has been continuously strengthened, from the introduction of regulations to prevent leading cadres from interfering with judicial "approval" and "greeting", to the establishment of a lenient system for pleading guilty and accepting punishment in criminal proceedings. The depth and breadth of reforms in the field of politics and law far exceed those of the past, with far-reaching impacts - once "difficult to enter the door and difficult to establish cases" has become "necessary to establish cases and necessary to handle complaints"; Amend the Administrative Litigation Law to solve problems such as "filing a lawsuit without seeing the official"; Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, judicial and law enforcement agencies have carried out education and rectification of the political and legal team, eliminated accumulated problems and deep-rooted issues, and made fairness and justice more tangible and perceptible; Deploying a three-year special campaign to combat organized crime and eliminate evil, the number of organizations involved in organized crime has been dismantled, which is 1.3 times the total of the previous 10 years; Strictly crack down on all kinds of crimes that are deeply hated by the masses, and the number of cases of theft, robbery, and fraud registered nationwide in 2023 will decrease by 31.4% compared to 2019... A safer China will enable the people to live and work in peace and contentment; The public security organ has launched a series of reform measures for registered residence, traffic control, entry and exit convenience and enterprise benefit, so as to "lighten the burden" for the masses; A convenient, efficient, and inclusive public legal service platform covers both urban and rural areas, bridging the "last mile" of legal services; Efforts will be made to tackle the problem of "deadbeats" and effectively solve the difficulties in enforcement. Procuratorial public interest litigation will focus on people's livelihood concerns such as the ecological environment... Focusing on the urgent needs and worries of the people, the public will have a greater sense of the rule of law. A prosperous and strong rule of law China is inevitably a rule of law society where everyone respects and abides by the law. Once did not believe in the "law" and believed in "visits", now when faced with problems, seek the "law" first; It used to be difficult to find lawyers and notaries, but now you can get legal help right at your doorstep; Neighbor conflicts do not need to be submitted, and mediators active in rural communities resolve disputes before litigation... Everyone is a witness, promoter, and beneficiary of the rule of law in China, and the rule of law has become the belief of all people. Comprehensively governing the country according to law is a profound and significant social change, laying a solid foundation for social prosperity and development, as well as the long-term stability of the country. In the new era and new journey, the great power of the rule of law is constantly gathering, providing a strong guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese path to modernization. (New Society)
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：Xinhua
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