The reporter learned from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences that on the 11th, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences held a major scientific and technological task "Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies for Black Soil Health Cultivation and Grain Increase" on-site observation meeting at Yanjiagang Farm in Beidahuang, Heilongjiang Province - the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Black Soil Protection Innovation Base. The results of field experiments show that compared with conventional soil management techniques in the local area, the key technology for healthy grain production in black soil can increase soil organic matter by 0.2-0.3 percentage points, reduce fertilizer usage by 10% -20%, and increase crop yield by 8% -15%. At present, the promotion area of this series of technologies has reached 3 million mu, radiating and driving 8 million mu, laying the foundation for a new high in grain production in black soil. Black soil is an important grain production area and the largest commodity grain production base in China. However, in recent years, fertile black soil has experienced a degradation phenomenon of "thinning, thinning, and hardening". In order to protect and utilize black soil well, ensure national arable land security and food security, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences will launch a major task in the field of arable land in 2022, mainly targeting the problem of "thinning, thinning, and hardening" of black soil under high-intensity utilization. The overall technical route of "combining use and cultivation, combining protection and management, and practicing in the whole area" will be implemented, with the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Zoning as the leading unit, and the advantageous scientific research forces such as Crop Science Research Institute, Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development Research Institute, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences will jointly tackle the problem. It is reported that after two and a half years of research, the research team of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has established a "one main and four auxiliary" black soil protection research network with Yanjiagang Farm in Beidahuang as the core. Innovative breakthroughs have been achieved in key points of black soil protection, such as straw granulation returning, intelligent recommendation of crop nutrients, and one-time application of new special slow-release fertilizers. A key technology system for healthy black soil growth has been formed, mainly consisting of black soil protective agriculture grain increasing technology, straw and forage fertilizer comprehensive utilization technology, organic-inorganic targeted fertilization technology, and black soil erosion and compaction ecological resistance reduction technology. Significant results have been achieved in the effective reduction of wind and water erosion in the plow layer, rapid recovery of organic matter in black soil, cultivation of soil biological health, and steady improvement of farmland productivity. (New Society)
Edit：Xiong Dafei Responsible editor：Li Xiang
Source：GMW.cn
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