The legislative work led by the Party provides a solid legal guarantee for high-quality development
2024-07-04
If good laws are established in the world, then the world will be governed; If good laws are established in a country, then one country will govern. The legislative system and mechanism are smoother and more efficient. Legislation is about setting rules for the country and setting boundaries for society, making it the greatest of the country. On March 13, 2023, the first session of the 14th National People's Congress approved the decision to amend the Legislative Law, which is the second amendment after the 2015 amendment to the Legislative Law. Through this revision, the guiding ideology and principles of China's legislation have been further improved, and the institutional mechanisms and procedures of legislation have become more sound. The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to legislative work. Many of the reform measures determined at the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China involve the scientific and democratic issues of the legislative system and mechanism. In 2019, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to improve the legislative system and mechanism, adhere to scientific, democratic, and lawful legislation, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of legislation. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes new deployment requirements for improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics centered on the Constitution. To implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee have taken a series of important measures to strengthen the construction of the legislative system and improve the legislative mechanism, giving full play to the leading role of the National People's Congress in legislative work. The formulation and promulgation of legislative project solicitation and argumentation work norms, the establishment and improvement of a series of implementation documents such as the implementation opinions on important legal drafts organized by the special committees and standing committees of the National People's Congress... These institutional constructions are the gradual accumulation and gradual promotion of the entire process of people's democratic practice, reflecting the principle requirements of the "whole process" and covering various elements of the "whole process". The overall planning and scientific formulation of the "blueprint" legislative planning plan is the "overall blueprint" and "task table" of legislative work. On September 6, 2023, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress held a legislative work conference, and the legislative plan of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee was unveiled. The formulation and implementation of legislative plans is an important part of strengthening the Party's centralized and unified leadership in legislative work, and is an important lever for the People's Congress and its Standing Committee to play a leading role in legislative work. The Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress attaches great importance to the work of legislative planning, carefully deploys and arranges, vigorously conducts investigations and research, and focuses on improving the scientific and effective nature of legislative planning, benchmarking the "first mile" of legislative work arrangements with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. Leaders of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress conducted in-depth research, visited various special committees of the National People's Congress, held 8 symposiums to listen to the opinions and suggestions of the Standing Committees of the People's Congress of 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government) and 36 officials in charge of central state organs, and achieved full coverage of provincial people's congresses and major central departments. In the process of legislative planning, we also specifically solicited legislative projects from 31 grassroots legislative contact points, listened to the authentic opinions and suggestions of grassroots people, and made the legislative planning work more grounded and popular. A more complete legal system with more diverse forms is the key to governing a country, and good law is the prerequisite for good governance. "Pass!" On June 28, 2024, the 10th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee voted to pass the Rural Collective Economic Organization Law. As of now, there are a total of 303 effective laws in China, and the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics centered on the Constitution is gradually improving. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has adhered to the simultaneous development of legislation, reform, abolishment, interpretation, and compilation, resulting in a faster pace and higher quality of national legislation. Completed the compilation of the first civil code named after a code in New China; Basic, comprehensive, and comprehensive laws in important fields such as national security, health, and public culture have been successively formulated and promulgated; Systematically and comprehensively revise laws in important fields such as ecological environment, education and technology; Breakthroughs have been made in legislation in emerging fields such as network information and biosecurity; We will coordinate the promotion of domestic and foreign-related rule of law, strengthen legislation in foreign-related fields... Significant progress has been made in improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, further enhancing its systematic, holistic, and collaborative nature. At the same time, legislative bodies continue to enrich and innovate legislative forms. For example, developing the first civil code named after the code, amending the criminal law through amendments, and introducing the Hong Kong National Security Law through a "decision+legislation" approach... In terms of volume, there are both the 1260 articles of the civil code, as well as the 16 articles of the Anti Foreign Sanctions Law and the 32 articles of the Anti Food Waste Law, which are "small and agile". The same frequency resonance leads to the promotion of the reform process, and the reform cannot be separated from the rule of law. The deeper the reform and opening up, the more emphasis should be placed on the rule of law. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, a distinctive feature of legislative work has been to play a leading and regulatory role in promoting reform, and to ensure that reform is carried out in an orderly manner through authorized decisions and reform decisions, accumulating pilot experience, forming institutional achievements, and then formulating, modifying, and improving relevant laws. To meet the needs of reform, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress focuses on playing a leading and promoting role in legislation. For the reform items clearly defined by the Party Central Committee that require legislation and amendment, timely initiate the legislative process; For those who do not have time to modify the law or whose legal conditions are not mature, the application of relevant laws can be temporarily adjusted through authorization. Timely provide legal basis for promoting relevant reforms through "packaging" modifications, authorization decisions, and reform decisions, and ensure the smooth implementation of major reform measures in various fields such as party and state institutional reform and economic and social development. On May 28, 2020, the Third Session of the Thirteenth National People's Congress voted to pass the Civil Code to broaden the channels for citizens to participate in legislation in an orderly manner. The Civil Code is a monument in the history of Chinese legal system. In the process of compiling the Civil Code, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress conducted 10 reviews, organized 3 sessions of study and discussion by National People's Congress representatives, and solicited opinions from the public 10 times. A total of 425000 people raised more than 1.02 million opinions. This is not only a successful example of scientific, democratic, and lawful legislation, but also a vivid practice of people's democracy throughout the entire process. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the national legislative body has continuously expanded the channels and channels for citizens to participate in legislation in an orderly manner, ensuring the determination of legislative projects, and hearing the voices of the people in various stages such as drafting, reviewing, and passing legal drafts, ensuring that legislation reflects the common will and requirements of the people. One important aspect is to strengthen and improve the work of publicizing and soliciting opinions on legal drafts to the society. Soliciting public opinions on legal drafts is an important form of democratic legislation and an important way to promote legislative transparency and expand public participation in legislation in an orderly manner. Now, after the deliberation of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the draft law is generally released to the public through the website of the People's Congress of China for soliciting public opinions, and the time is generally not less than 30 days. According to statistics, since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, 266 legal drafts have been publicly solicited for comments online, and more than 1.45 million people have submitted more than 4.07 million opinions. The legislative body will carefully study and consider the opinions solicited. In July 2019, the Legal Work Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress established a spokesperson mechanism to provide feedback to the public on opinions and research and handling situations. As of now, the spokesperson has regularly released legislative information 26 times and informed the society of more than 190 legal cases that the Standing Committee intends to review. It is worth mentioning that in December 2022, the spokesperson of the Legal Affairs Commission also provided specific feedback on the absorption and adoption of opinions in a "named" manner for the first time during the public's public feedback on the draft law. Vividly reflecting the entire process of people's democracy, wide observation of public opinion, and gathering of people's wisdom. In October 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed the establishment of a grassroots legislative contact point system. In July 2015, the Legislative Affairs Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress established four grassroots legislative contact points: Shanghai Hongqiao, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, Xiangyang, Hubei, and Lintao, Gansu. Of particular note, Shanghai Hongqiao Street is also the first place to mention the major concept of people's democracy throughout the entire process. As a result, the grassroots legislative connection points have been historically linked to the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, the major concept of people's democracy throughout the entire process, and the construction of the rule of law in China. From scratch, from small to large, from individual regions to the whole country, over the past 10 years, grassroots legislative contact points have been continuously explored, solidly promoted, and deeply developed in practice. At present, there are a total of 45 grassroots legislative contact points of "national brand", covering 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government in China, and driving the establishment of more than 7300 grassroots legislative contact points by provincial and municipal people's congresses. According to statistics, from 2015 to April 2024, the Legal Work Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress solicited more than 27880 contact point opinions on 183 draft laws, and more than 3200 insightful opinions were absorbed in legislative research. With the continuous deepening of grassroots practice of people's democracy throughout the entire process, grassroots legislative contact points have become an important carrier for reflecting people's interests, reflecting people's wishes, and safeguarding people's rights and interests. The whole process of people's democracy is full of vitality at the grassroots level. (Lai Xin She)
Edit：Ying Ying Responsible editor：Shen Chen
Source：http://www.legaldaily.com.cn
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