A More Sound Socialist Democracy and Rule of Law: A Review of the Achievements of Political System Reform Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
2024-07-03
A stable system leads to a stable country, and a strong system leads to a strong country.
The system of the People's Congress has become more mature and standardized
"This is a remarkable system."
On a day at the end of April this year, ambassadors and diplomats from 36 countries visited the Legislative Liaison Station in Nanmofang Township, Chaoyang District, Beijing to learn about the work of the grassroots legislative liaison point of the Legal Work Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, and expressed their sincere feelings.
The system of the People's Congress is the fundamental political system of our country and an important institutional carrier for achieving people's democracy throughout the entire process.
In October 2021, the working session of the Central People's Congress was held in Beijing, which was the first time in the history of the Party and the history of the People's Congress system.
Integrate the leadership of the Party throughout the entire process and all aspects of the work of the National People's Congress, ensuring that the Party's line, principles, policies, and decision-making arrangements are fully implemented and effectively implemented in national work;
Streamline the deliberation process of legal bills at the National People's Congress, optimize the time, procedures, and content of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress;
The representative election is more clean and upright, with representatives from frontline workers and farmers accounting for 16.69% of the 14th National People's Congress deputies;
……
To govern a country by standards, and to secure a country by standards.
From updating the Constitution with the times to establishing a National Constitution Day, from implementing the constitutional oath system to strengthening constitutional review and filing review work. The implementation of the Constitution in the new era has been elevated to a new height, and the unity of the rule of law in the country has been better maintained.
Amend the Legislative Law and grant local legislative power to all cities with districts; Better leverage the leading role of the National People's Congress in legislative work and improve the mechanism for drafting legal drafts; Expanding the channels for citizens to participate in legislation in an orderly manner, the Legislative Affairs Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has established 45 grassroots legislative contact points... The legislative system and mechanism are constantly improving, promoting development and ensuring good governance through good laws.
The supervision of the National People's Congress is a supervision with legal authority and representing the people. In recent years, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has continuously improved its supervision mechanism, enriched and explored forms of supervision, integrated support into supervision, and promoted the implementation of major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee.
For the first time, a comprehensive report on the management of state-owned assets has been reviewed, a report on financial work has been reviewed, and a special work report on the National Supervisory Commission has been reviewed. Focusing on the "big picture of the country," we will work hard to improve the supervision system of the "one government, one committee, and two courts," improve the budget review and supervision mechanism, improve the organizational and working mechanisms of law enforcement inspections, and achieve full coverage in the field of supervision.
National People's Congress deputies are connected to the Party and government on one end, and to billions of people on the other.
In recent years, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has continuously strengthened and improved its representative work, using institutional power to strengthen the connection between the Standing Committee and representatives, as well as between representatives and the people.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress establishes a Representative Working Committee; The special committees and working committees of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress have basically achieved full coverage of contact with grassroots representatives; Inviting National People's Congress deputies to attend meetings of the Standing Committee, the Chairman, Vice Chairmen, and representatives to have face-to-face exchanges and communication... Building a "heart to heart bridge" and building a "public opinion window" to support and ensure that representatives perform their duties in accordance with the law.
The extensive and multi-level institutionalized development of socialist consultative democracy
Turn on your phone, offer suggestions, exchange ideas, and submit proposals at any time... Nowadays, the mobile performance platform for National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) members has become an indispensable "assistant" for many members to perform their duties.
It is a vivid portrayal of the innovative development of consultative democracy in the new era to use the Internet to innovate the way of consultation and create consultative democracy at the fingertips.
Business seeks common ground and cooperation leads to success.
In the new era and new journey, socialist consultative democracy has developed extensively and systematically, forming a consultative democracy system with Chinese characteristics. The forms of consultative democracy are becoming increasingly diverse, democratic channels are constantly expanding, and the connotation of democracy is becoming more profound.
Developing through inheritance and innovating while upholding righteousness, the People's Political Consultative Conference showcases a new atmosphere and appearance——
In recent years, the reform of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) has been continuously deepened, with the establishment of the Agriculture and Rural Committee and the addition of the "Environmental Resources Division". Revise the Constitution of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference twice to adapt to new situations, enrich new content, and establish new norms, ensuring that consultative democracy has a system and rules to follow.
From the establishment of "bi weekly consultation forums" to innovative online and remote consultations, from specialized political standing committee meetings to specialized consultation meetings, from sector consultation meetings to expert consultation meetings... better leverage the role of the People's Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultation institution, and make suggestions and consultations more systematic, reasonable, and effective.
The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) has established a working mechanism for members of the Chairman's Meeting to lead and supervise key proposals, and to build a high-level pool of political and political participation and discussion talents with CPPCC characteristics. Members will perform their duties more solidly and proposals more down-to-earth... The institutionalization, standardization, and procedural level of consultative democracy will continue to improve.
Open up and brainstorm widely, fully promote the spirit of democracy, and widely gather consensus from the whole society——
In August 2020, during the drafting process of the "14th Five Year Plan" proposal, our party launched the first "online inquiry" in the history of five-year plan preparation.
The democratic supervision of poverty alleviation carried out from 2016 to 2020 was the first time that the central committees of various democratic parties conducted special supervision on major national strategic decisions.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China shall convene or entrust relevant departments to convene political party consultation meetings, sincerely consult with non party members on major issues, and listen to opinions; The central government of democratic parties and non party members conducted in-depth investigations and research, put forward opinions and suggestions, and many of them were transformed into major national decisions... Political party consultations have basically formed a system with relevant laws and regulations as the guarantee, central documents of the Communist Party of China as the main body, and supporting mechanisms as the auxiliary, with more significant results.
Civil consultation, civil deliberation, civil decision-making, civil civil handling, civil evaluation... It is easy to discuss and is the most vivid manifestation of consultative democracy.
Holding village (residential) people's meetings, democratic symposiums, and democratic hearings in urban and rural communities, and creating discussion platforms such as "small courtyard meeting rooms," "consultation meeting rooms," and "resident think tanks." One reform and innovation measure after another enables the people to be the masters of their own affairs to be implemented concretely and realistically in national political and social life. The policies and work of the Party and government are more in line with public opinion and reality, and the Party's theories, lines, principles, and policies are implemented more thoroughly and effectively.
China's construction of the rule of law has taken solid steps
On March 11th of this year, the Second Session of the 14th National People's Congress voted to pass the newly revised State Council Organization Law.
The first revision of the State Council Organization Law, which has been in effect for over 40 years, is of great significance for the comprehensive construction of a rule of law government and is a vivid epitome of the construction of a rule of law China in the new era.
The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decision to put forward clear requirements for promoting the construction of a rule of law in China. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decision to make top-level design and strategic deployment for the comprehensive rule of law.
The comprehensive rule of law is a profound revolution in national governance.
The work of the Central Committee for the Comprehensive Rule of Law has officially started, and the construction of a rule of law China has entered a new stage of systematic and coordinated promotion.
The CPC Central Committee issued the Regulations of the CPC on the Work of Politics and Law, established provincial (city, county) committees to govern the country in accordance with the law, and constantly strengthened the organizational leadership and overall coordination of the rule of law construction in various regions... The Party's leadership in comprehensively governing the country in accordance with the law has become stronger and stronger, ensuring that the rule of law China construction is always moving in the right direction.
The formulation and promulgation of the "Plan for the Construction of a Rule of Law China (2020-2025)," "Implementation Outline for the Construction of a Rule of Law Government (2021-2025)," and "Implementation Outline for the Construction of a Rule of Law Society (2020-2025)" have built the "four beams and eight pillars" of the construction of a rule of law China, marking the basic formation of the overall pattern of comprehensive rule of law in the new era.
Law is the key to governing a country, and good law is the prerequisite for good governance.
From compiling the first law named after the Civil Code in New China, to revising the Environmental Protection Law and weaving a dense ecological protection law network; From revising the Company Law to improving the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, to formulating the Hainan Free Trade Port Law to safeguard major measures for reform and opening up
Adhere to the simultaneous implementation of legislation, reform, abolishment, interpretation, and compilation, and promote faster pace and higher quality of national legislation. As of the end of April 2024, there are currently 302 effective laws in China, and the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is gradually improving.
Fairness and justice are what the people hope for.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the political and legal front has adhered to the correct direction of reform, daring to tackle tough challenges, risks, and challenges, and has achieved reforms that have been thought about and talked about for many years but have not been achieved. The credibility of the judiciary has continuously improved, playing an important role in maintaining social fairness and justice.
The reform of the registration system promotes the principle of "where there is a case, it must be established, and where there is a lawsuit, it must be handled". The reform of the judicial responsibility system realizes the principle of "allowing the adjudicator to make judgments, and the adjudicator to be responsible". A series of major wrongful cases, such as the Hohhot Jile pattern and the Nie Shubin case, have been corrected in accordance with the law... Judicial reform is interconnected, and the fair, efficient, and authoritative socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics is more mature and complete.
Correcting the issue of "whoever dies or is injured is justified", solving the problem of "main and guest" in litigation, adhering to and developing the "Fengqiao experience" of the new era... Starting from the urgent and difficult problems that the people are worried about, we aim to provide them with more sense of gain, happiness, and security.
With the power of the rule of law, safeguard the high-quality development of the economy and society.
Developing a "list of powers" and a "list of responsibilities" to clarify the boundaries of government power, focusing on strengthening the judicial protection of property rights to ensure that "those with permanent property have perseverance", and comprehensively cleaning up "strange certificates" to reduce the burden on the people... In the process of moving towards high-quality development, the important role of the rule of law is increasingly prominent.
The legal responsibility system of "who enforces the law, who popularizes the law" has been fully implemented, and the coverage of "legal experts" in rural areas has become more comprehensive. The legal popularization during the "Seventh Five Year Plan" has been successfully completed, and the legal popularization during the "Eighth Five Year Plan" has been deepened and implemented... Enjoying the light of the rule of law, we have established a good trend of law-abiding among the whole population.
The construction of the rule of law in China in the new era has comprehensively improved from a legal system to a rule of law system that includes all aspects of legislation, law enforcement, judiciary, and compliance. With the deepening of comprehensive reforms, it has flown together and promoted the national governance system and governance capacity to new heights.
Edit：He Chuanning Responsible editor：Su Suiyue
Source：Xinhua
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