At 15:00 on June 22, China successfully launched the Sino French astronomical satellite using the Long March 2C carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. This satellite is a space science satellite jointly developed by China and France. It is the strongest satellite in the world in terms of multi band comprehensive observation capabilities for gamma bursts, and will play an important role in scientific discoveries in the field of space astronomy, such as gamma burst research. The Sino French astronomical satellite is equipped with four scientific payloads: a gamma ray monitor developed by the Chinese side, an optical telescope, and a hard X-ray camera and a soft X-ray telescope developed by the French side. The payload is divided into two categories: large field of view and high-precision observation. The observation field angle area of the large field of view detection instrument is about 10000 square degrees, which is equivalent to covering a quarter of the entire sky. It is like opening a large net, which can capture unpredictable gamma storms in the sky. Once the target is detected, the satellite will automatically turn to it and use two small field of view telescopes to align for long-term high-precision observation. Through the linkage detection of scientific payloads, various types of gamma bursts can be discovered and quickly located, and the electromagnetic radiation properties of gamma bursts can be comprehensively measured. Gamma bursts can be used to study the evolution of the universe and dark energy, and astronomical temporary sources such as gravitational waves can be quickly followed by observation. This will help to understand the origin and physical properties of gamma burst phenomena and their applications in cosmology. Gamma bursts are currently the most violent explosive phenomenon in the universe, apart from the Big Bang. Gamma bursts involve multiple fields in astrophysics, from stars, galaxies to cosmology, and are directly related to multiple astrophysical problems in these fields. Gamma bursts are also related to many cutting-edge issues in physics, and in-depth observation and research on them will help humanity solve several major problems in basic science. This year marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France. For the past 60 years, China and France have engaged in practical cooperation in the field of aerospace. In 2018, the Sino French ocean satellite jointly developed by China and France was successfully launched, and in 2024, the Chang'e-6 probe landed on the far side of the moon with a French radon detector. The successful implementation of the Sino French astronomical satellite project is also an excellent example of deep cooperation in the field of aerospace between China and France. Since its launch in 2005, the Sino French astronomical satellite has undergone more than 20 years of joint efforts, including the care and expectations of several generations of leaders from both countries. Scientists and engineering teams from both countries have devoted their hearts and efforts to jointly complete the development work of satellite concept research, feasibility study, scheme design, initial and prototype stages. In October 2006, China and France signed a Memorandum of Understanding between the National Space Administration of China and the French National Space Research Center on Cooperation in the Implementation of Sino French Astronomical Satellites, which determined the scientific objectives, research content, cooperation methods, rights and obligations of both parties, and time schedule of the Sino French astronomical satellite mission. In 2014, the two countries completed a new round of memorandum of understanding revision and signing, clarifying the subsequent development progress. The National Space Administration is responsible for the organization and implementation of the Sino French astronomical satellite project, as well as the approval of launch permits. The National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the French National Space Research Center are respectively responsible for the construction and operation of scientific application systems, and jointly carry out scientific data analysis and application research for the world; The National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the French National Space Research Center are respectively responsible for the construction and operation of the ground support system; The Institute of Microsatellite Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences focuses on developing satellites; The Launch Vehicle Technology Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation focuses on the overall development of launch vehicles. (Lai Xin She)
Edit：Xiong Dafei Responsible editor：Li Xiang
Source：WHB
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