Chinese New Energy Vehicles Practice Internal Skills in This Way
2024-06-06
On May 14th, Lingpao International, jointly established by Lingpao Automobile and the world's fifth largest automaker, Stellantis Group, officially began operations. In four months, the two pure electric vehicle models of the Zero Run will be sold to markets in nine European countries, including France, Italy, and Germany, through the sales service network of joint venture partners. On May 20th, SAIC Group and Audi jointly launched the development of an intelligent digital platform, and both parties will jointly develop a luxury intelligent electric new car for SAIC Audi. The first model will be mass-produced in 2025. The core technology and model research and development strength of China's new energy vehicles have been highly recognized by multinational corporations, which is a vivid portrayal of China's leading global new energy vehicle industry. In the past 10 years, China's automotive industry has seized the opportunity of electrification, intelligence, and networking transformation, strengthened top-level design, and focused on promoting technological innovation, product innovation, and business model innovation, taking the construction of an automotive power to a new level. In 2023, China's annual sales of new energy vehicles reached 9.495 million units, an increase of nearly 126 times compared to 2014, accounting for over 60% of the global market share and ranking first in the world for 9 consecutive years; The proportion of new energy vehicle annual sales to new vehicle annual sales has increased to 31.6%. A package of policy measures have been put in place, and the industrial system, market system, and ecological system have been basically established. "Purchasing pure electric vehicle models can save about 90000 yuan in license plate auction fees, and exemption from purchase tax can also save nearly 10% of the car price. Judging from the cost of purchasing a car, it is more cost-effective to buy a tram." On the evening of the launch of SAIC Zhiji's pure electric sedan L6, Ms. Gu, who was working in design in Shanghai, was moved by the new car's appearance and numerous high-tech configurations, and immediately placed an order. Making new energy vehicles the first choice has gradually become a consumption trend in the Chinese market. Statistics show that in the first half of April this year, the wholesale and retail penetration rates of the new energy passenger vehicle market both exceeded 50%, 11 years ahead of the relevant planning goals. Ten years ago, consumers did not have such a strong willingness to purchase new energy vehicle models. At that time, looking at the world, new energy vehicles were an emerging industry that heavily relied on charging infrastructure and had not yet been commercialized. A series of challenges, such as immature technology, hidden dangers in battery safety, high production costs, incomplete industrial chain formation, insufficient power for enterprise electrification transformation, poor product user experience, and the market still waiting to be cultivated, constrained the development of the industry. How to break the game? "Ten years ago, facing the opportunities and challenges of the electrification transformation of the automotive industry, China and developed Western countries were almost on the same starting line." Fu Bingfeng, Executive Vice President and Secretary General of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, believes that the tremendous achievements of China's new energy vehicle industry are due to the strategic determination of "drawing a blueprint to the end" and the forward-looking and operable industrial policies, as well as the pioneering and moderately advanced charging infrastructure development strategy. It cannot be separated from the arduous efforts of the industrial and corporate sectors in technological innovation, as well as China's advantages in the ultra large scale market. Over the past 10 years, various departments have successively launched more than 70 policies and measures to support the new energy vehicle industry, established a complete and organic collaborative industrial system, cultivated the world's largest consumer market, and formed a good development situation of mutual integration, symbiosis, and win-win cooperation between new energy vehicles and related industries. Not only did they take the initiative and establish a solid foundation in the period of industrial transformation, but they also contributed Chinese strength to promoting the electrification transformation of the global automotive industry. "A charging station has been installed at home, charging is really cheap." Ye Weiguo, who lives in Xinglong Town, Wanning City, Hainan, bought a BYD Seagull pure electric sedan in September last year and installed it online. The next day, the power department staff came to install a dedicated electricity meter. "When charging in the valley, it costs 2.51 kilowatt hours and is fully charged for 10 yuan. It can run for a week. In just over half a year, it saves more than 10000 yuan compared to driving a gasoline car," Ye Weiguo told reporters with satisfaction. If, in the early stages of development, consumer subsidy policies, exemption from purchase tax, as well as policy advantages such as purchase rights and road rights, were the main driving forces for consumers to choose to purchase new energy vehicles, then after the subsidy withdrawal in 2023, the more convenient and diversified charging modes and low charging costs have become a market booster for the sustained and rapid growth of new energy vehicles in China. "Changing the battery in 3 minutes is almost like refueling." Beijing NIO owner Wang Dingqian is very satisfied with the convenience of battery swapping. As of May 18th, NIO has launched 2418 battery swapping stations. According to big data statistics from car owners, the proportion of car owners using battery swapping mode has reached 56%. With the cooperation between NIO and car companies such as Changan, Geely, Jianghuai, Chery, GAC, and FAW in battery swapping business, substantial steps have been taken in the co construction and sharing of battery swapping infrastructure. According to statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China has built the world's largest number, largest radiation area, and most comprehensive charging infrastructure system for service vehicles. As of the end of 2023, the cumulative number of charging infrastructure in China was 8.596 million units, a year-on-year increase of 65%. Among them, there are a total of 5978 service areas and 29895 charging parking spaces along the expressway with charging service capabilities; A total of 3567 replacement power stations have been built. At the same time, the industrial chain of power battery recycling, cascading utilization, and material regeneration continues to extend, with over 150 companies on the recycling whitelist and a total of over 10000 power battery recycling service outlets built, basically achieving nearby recycling. Continuously innovating around user pain points, accelerating the iteration and upgrading of core electrification technology from Wuhu to Guangzhou, after 42.5 hours of full power, full fuel, full load, and without stalling, completing the challenge of 2141.4 kilometers of endurance... Recently, a live broadcast of the extreme endurance of the Star Journey Era ET extended range model has attracted widespread attention. "Chery's independently developed extended range dedicated engine has a thermal efficiency of 44.5%. Combined with an efficient energy management system, it can generate 3.65 kilowatt hours of electricity from 1 liter of oil, consume 5.2 liters of WLTC fuel per 100 kilometers, and have a pure electric range of 200 kilometers." Huang Zhaogen, Assistant General Manager of Chery Automobile Co., Ltd. and General Manager of Xingtu Marketing Center, said that this test not only broke the endurance record of new energy vehicles in China, but also represented the highest level of range extender technology in China with "energy consumption of 3.3 to 3.4 liters per 100 kilometers.". Chery is not the only company that has made breakthroughs in the field of long-term plug-in hybrid/range differentiation innovation. The Lynk&Co 07EM-P, which was launched on May 17th, is equipped with a super hybrid system that is pure electric, hybrid, and extendable. It is also equipped with intelligent algorithms that can intelligently switch between electric drive, direct drive, and parallel power output modes based on speed and road conditions, ensuring that the power system always maintains an efficient and economical operating range. Even in a fed state, it can achieve fuel savings of 10% to 15% per 100 kilometers. On May 28th, BYD released its fifth generation DM technology, with a plug-in hybrid comprehensive range exceeding 2100 kilometers. From January to April, the cumulative sales of plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles in China reached 1.115 million, a year-on-year increase of 84.5%. Industry experts predict that the annual sales of plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles are expected to surpass the sales of pure electric vehicles for the first time this year. Creatively responding to user needs through long-term plug-in hybrid/extended range solutions, addressing user range anxiety and charging inconvenience, is one of the many achievements made by China's new energy vehicle companies in continuously carrying out technological innovation and business model innovation around user pain points. Leveraging the advantages of innovation and industrial chains, new technologies such as solid-state batteries and high-voltage silicon carbide architecture are also accelerating the pace of mass production and implementation. Entering the durability testing laboratory located at No. 51 Anxiao Road, Jiading, Shanghai, multiple test benches are operating at full load. Testing engineers are conducting insulation performance and related durability tests before mass production of the industry's first 900 volt high-voltage silicon carbide architecture, which was mass-produced in September this year. "The 900 volt high-voltage architecture across the entire area not only brings consumers a faster, more stable, and safer charging experience, but also puts higher requirements on the stability of insulation materials." According to Bi Lu, Assistant Vice President of Weidian Drive and High Voltage System, the testing team needs to conduct insulation performance durability tests on components such as silicon carbide modules and motor stators for nearly 4 months in three rounds during the project development process. During this period, we randomly selected samples from the production line and simulated various voltage levels such as 900 volts, 880 volts, and 850 volts, covering durability tests at different altitudes such as 5000 meters, 4000 meters, and 3000 meters, to ensure that users do not experience insulation system failure under different application conditions after the product is launched. In the No.1 factory building of the 10 gigawatt hour solid-state lithium battery project of Qingtao Energy Development Co., Ltd., located dozens of kilometers away in Kunshan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu, a self-developed and self-produced electrolyte composite machine is also undergoing testing and operation in the solid-state electrolyte coating process. After tension unloading by dozens of rollers, a white solid composite electrolyte with a thickness of only 10 microns was uniformly coated on both sides of a 650mm wide copper foil. "All solid state batteries adopt the polymer inorganic composite electrolyte technology route, which brings higher energy density, better low-temperature performance, and higher safety." Li Zheng, General Manager of SAIC Qingtao Energy, said that new technologies have also brought about a disruption to existing manufacturing processes, production lines, and equipment. For this reason, Qingtao has chosen a mass production plan that steadily advances in three stages, and has advanced the layout of self-developed and self-produced core equipment, and established innovative alliances with research institutes, upstream suppliers, etc., making Qingtao's third-generation all solid state battery mass production pace particularly stable. "In 2027, SAIC Zhiji's new car equipped with solid-state batteries with an energy density of over 400 watt hours/kg will achieve mass production," said Li Zheng. The application of artificial intelligence big model helps the upgrading of intelligent networking technology to achieve the control of almost all functions of the whole vehicle, which is closest to the "natural communication" between people. The Jiyue 01 launched last year was equipped with Baidu's "ERNIE Bot" big model, realizing the world's first language big model; On May 20th, Xiaopeng Motors released the first end-to-end large-scale model for mass production in China, integrating neural networks, regulatory big models, and big language models; Previously, Geely launched the world's first artificial intelligence (AI) digital chassis at the Beijing International Auto Show. The latest statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers show that in the first quarter of this year, the installation rate of L2 level and above auxiliary driving functions for new energy passenger vehicles in China reached 56.2%, and the popularity rates of navigation road condition information display and intelligent voice control reached 81.5% and 87.9%, respectively. In the past decade, China's new energy vehicles have seized the opportunities for networked and intelligent development, accelerated technological innovation and application landing in the fields of intelligent cabins and intelligent driving, led the automotive industry into a new track of intelligent electrification, and gained a first mover advantage. Since the significant breakthrough of generative artificial intelligence last year, the intelligent transformation of new energy vehicles has entered a new stage. On May 23rd, the chassis laboratory of Geely Ningbo R&D Center, a research and development team composed of personnel from multiple departments, is conducting digital chassis bench tests. "Unlike traditional pure electric vehicle chassis testing, Geely AI digital chassis can detect and adjust the vehicle's status in real time through its combination of high computing power local domain control and Star Rui intelligent computing platform." Senior Chief Engineer Liu Weitao told reporters that when the vehicle tends to slip, sideslip, and other instability tendencies, it can instantly intervene and achieve six degrees of freedom integrated control through front and rear, up and down, left and right directions. ",
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