Protecting the villagers, local customs, and homesickness of traditional villages
2024-05-17
Traditional villages in our country are the world's largest, most rich in content and value, and most fully protected agricultural civilization heritage, and are a precious "gene bank" for inheriting excellent traditional Chinese culture. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development has led the organization and selection of 8155 traditional Chinese villages, and carried out demonstration work on the centralized and contiguous protection and utilization of traditional villages in 120 cities and counties. The team from Beijing Jianzhu University has been continuously conducting research and practical work on traditional villages for over 30 years. They deeply understand that traditional villages must adhere to the principles of protection first, utilization based, and inheritance based, adhere to the goals of retaining villagers, protecting the local land, and remembering homesickness. By constructing a graded and classified protection system, innovating protection and utilization strategies, strengthening scientific and technological research and talent development, and implementing precise policies according to local conditions, traditional villages can truly be revitalized in protection and achieve inheritance in utilization. Strengthening planning guidance and constructing a graded and classified protection system are the foundation for the protection and utilization of traditional villages. The planning of traditional villages should be practical, user-friendly, and effective. In recent years, we have analyzed the preparation and implementation of protection and development plans for more than 150 traditional villages, and found that there are still some misunderstandings in the evaluation of the value of traditional villages, protection zoning, and protection and utilization measures. Traditional villages are constantly developing and changing "dynamic" heritage, and attention should be paid to their temporal characteristics, identifying their value elements from the dual dimensions of time and space; Traditional villages are a "holistic" heritage, and attention should be paid to the correlation between different protection elements to avoid the fragmentation, rigidity, and fragmentation caused by simple protection zoning; Traditional villages are "living" heritage, and protection and utilization measures should meet the new production and living needs of villagers. Low intervention, micro renewal, and light intervention should be adopted to truly achieve the organic combination of excellent agricultural civilization heritage and modern civilization elements. At present, the classification and protection system for traditional villages in China has been preliminarily established. While actively organizing the application for traditional villages in China, various regions have also carried out the selection and listing protection of traditional villages at the provincial and municipal levels, gradually forming a concentrated and contiguous area of traditional villages. The traditional villages within the region have the characteristics of close geographical proximity and interconnected cultural context, making them suitable for cluster protection and utilization. This is also an important reason for the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development to carry out demonstration work on centralized and contiguous protection and utilization of traditional villages. When formulating plans, various regions should coordinate the layout and planning of traditional villages at all levels with other villages, taking traditional villages as nodes, connecting points and lines according to local conditions, clarifying the development positioning and timing of each village, leveraging their unique advantages, and coordinating the construction of public services and infrastructure, as well as the layout of characteristic industries. For example, the concentrated contiguous protection and utilization plan in Mentougou District, Beijing, based on reality, proposes an overall spatial layout of "one water system and eight ditches, and ancient roads connecting hundreds of villages". It combines 12 traditional Chinese villages with more than 60 municipal and general villages to form the protection group of traditional villages in western Beijing, effectively supporting the comprehensive rural revitalization strategy in the region. Clarifying the key points of protection and utilization, and innovating protection and utilization strategies are the key to the protection and utilization of traditional villages. The selection and layout of traditional village sites, traditional architecture, historical environmental elements, and intangible cultural heritage are the focus of protection and utilization. Traditional Village Site Selection and
Edit：GuoGuo Responsible editor：FangZhiYou
Source：gmw.cn
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