In 1949, the beginning and end of the birth of the People's Navy
2024-04-07
The history of the Chinese nation for over a hundred years since the Opium War is a humiliating history of the loss of sea power and the suffering of imperialist aggression. In order to completely change this situation and establish a solid coastal defense, older generations of Communist Party members such as Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai made great efforts, and it was not until 1949 that the solemn mission of creating maritime armed forces was completed. On January 8, 1949, the Political Bureau meeting of the Communist Party of China Central Committee held in Xibaipo passed the resolution drafted by Mao Zedong on the current situation and the Party's tasks in 1949, proposing the establishment of a navy to defend the coast and the Yangtze River. With the development of the situation in the Liberation War, the victory of the Pingjin Campaign came to an end. Not only was the army, which was the main force of the Nationalist Party's military, basically annihilated, but the navy also began to crumble. The destroyer "Huang'an" and the minesweeper 201 from the Changshan Island Patrol Office announced an uprising. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission have made a historic decision to immediately establish the People's Navy after research. Soon, the Central Military Commission entrusted the important task of establishing the People's Navy to the Third Field Army. Chen Yi, Commander and Political Commissar of the Third Field Army, is mentally prepared to undertake the task of creating the People's Navy. For many years, the Third Field Army has mostly shifted its operations along the Jiangsu and Zhejiang coasts and along the Yangtze River, and it is imperative to undertake the task of building a navy. So, who will lead the formation of the navy? The person in charge of the establishment of the navy should not only have experience in leading troops, but also have a certain level of naval knowledge. Just as Chen Yi was uncertain who to entrust the task of building the navy to, an ideal candidate arrived at the headquarters of the Third Field Army at Sunjiaweizi, Bengbu City, Anhui Province. He is Zhang Aiping, former Deputy Commander of the Central China Military Region, known as the "Poet of the Horse". In January 1949, Zhang Aiping recovered from her injuries and returned to her home country. During her time seeking medical treatment in the Soviet Union, she kept an eye on the development of the situation in the Liberation War and hoped to return to the front line one day earlier. In late March, Chen Yi attended the Yangtze River Crossing Battle Conference held by the General Front Committee in Sunjiaweizi, Bengbu City, Anhui Province, and conveyed to Zhang Aiping the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission to appoint Zhang Aiping to be responsible for the construction of the navy. In early April, in order to command the crossing of the river from the front, the Front Committee and Headquarters of the Third Field Army went south from Sun Jiaweizi, and Zhang Aiping and others successively entered the White Horse Temple on the outskirts of Taizhou City. After arriving at the White Horse Temple, Zhang Aiping not only attended the meeting of the Front Committee of the Third Field Army and participated in major decision-making in the river crossing operation, but also devoted all her energy to the investigation and research of building a navy. During this period, he flipped through the Soviet novel "Facing the Horse" which depicted the war between Japan and Russia in the early 20th century. Zhang Aiping repeatedly read the chapters on naval management, training, and warfare in the book. When will the naval leadership be established? Where is it established? How do the uprising troops receive and train? How to take over ships, equipment, military ports, and docks? Questions kept spinning in his mind. On the evening of April 20th, the Battle of Crossing the Yangtze River began. On the 22nd, the so-called thousand mile "three-dimensional river defense" operated by the Kuomintang army for several months was completely breached, and the task of crossing the river has been completed. On the 23rd, the command post of the Front Committee of the Third Field Army received exciting news: Lin Zun, the commander of the Nationalist Navy's 2nd Fleet, led his troops in an uprising on the Nanjing River, and 23 vessels from the Nationalist Navy's 3rd Motorboat Fleet were in town
Edit：Luo yu Responsible editor：Jia jia
Source：81.cn
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